Evidence
14 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-14).
-
[1]research packet crew-ck-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-pkt-crew-ck-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS entry 'Admiral C. F. Hughes' (NHHC, published 2015-06-11), incl. spec block (dp. 20,120; l. 608'11"; b. 75'6"; dr. 26'6"; s. 19.0 k.; cpl. 356; trp. 5,217; a. 4 5", 4 40mm.; cl. Admiral W. S. Benson; T. P2-SE2-R1) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Admiral C. F. Hughes' entry, paragraphs 5-7 and spec block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Laid down under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 682) 29 November 1943 at Alameda, Calif., by Bethlehem-Alameda Shipyard, Inc.; launched 27 August 1944, sponsored by Mrs. Louise Nimitz; delivered to the Navy and commissioned 31 January 1945, Capt. John Trebes, USCG, in command. WWII passenger/troop service San Diego-Pearl Harbor-Guam, including carriage of 221 Japanese POWs (Apra Harbor to Pearl Harbor, May 1945); one European run to embark troops for Pacific redeployment, returning through the Panama Canal (transit 30 June 1945) to Manila 20 July; troop embarkation Leyte, Biak, Hollandia; Commonwealth POW repatriation at Victoria, B.C., 9 October 1945; decommissioned 3 May 1946, returned to WSA and transferred to Army; name struck from Navy list June 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- USCG crew (wartime complement 356); embarked troops and POWs
- Limitations
- Administrative/service history only - contains no asbestos, insulation, or hazardous-material content. Establishes construction, identity, and service; does not establish exposure conditions or individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-01
-
[3]DANFS entry 'General Edwin D. Patrick' (NHHC, published 2015-07-14) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'General Edwin D. Patrick' entry, paragraphs 2-3
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Admiral C. F. Hughes (AP-124) was reacquired by the Navy from the Army Transport Service as General Edwin D. Patrick 1 March 1950 and assigned to MSTS; civilian crew, operating out of San Francisco. More than two dozen round-trip Far East voyages during the Korean War (Japan, Korea, Okinawa, Marianas, Philippines); approximately 110 Far East voyages 1953-1965. Departed San Francisco 16 August 1965 for Southeast Asia; Cam Ranh Bay 7 September; Da Nang, Qui Nhon, Cam Ranh Bay, Vung Tau operations; five further Far East deployments in first 7 months of 1966; arrived San Francisco last day of 1966; overhaul early 1967 then ready reserve status. Credited with three Korean War battle stars.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1950-1967
- Population
- MSTS civil service crew; embarked troops, dependents, and cargo passengers
- Limitations
- Administrative/service history only - no asbestos or hazardous-material content. Covers the MSTS civilian-crewed era; exposure conditions aboard not addressed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-02
-
[4]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, 'USS Admiral C. F. Hughes, AP-124' (13 April 2020), citing Cutter History File, DANFS, and Scheina, U.S. Coast Guard Cutters & Craft of World War II (1982) [other_primary]
- Locator
- USCG Historian page, 'Class History' and spec block sections
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Confirms the ship as one of eleven Admiral W. S. Benson-class troop transports manned by the U.S. Coast Guard in WWII, 'one of the more active Coast Guard manned transports,' with trips to the South Pacific and Europe. USCG spec block: displacement 9,676 lt / 20,120 fl; length 608'11"; beam 75'6"; draft 26'6"; turbo-electric, two propellers, 19,000 SHP; top speed 21.3 knots; complement 618; troop capacity 5,200; cargo 100,000 cu ft; armament 4x single 5"/38 DP, 4x twin 40mm, 16x twin 20mm. Coast Guard crew removed on decommissioning 3 May 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1945-1946
- Population
- USCG wartime crew
- Limitations
- Spec block conflicts with DANFS/HAER/NavSource on complement (618 vs 356), speed (21.3 vs 19 kn) and shp (19,000 vs 18,000) - conflicts logged in gaps; no asbestos or hazmat content. 'Eleven Coast Guard-manned transports' is the USCG's own count.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-03
-
[5]MARAD Vessel History Database, 'ADMIRAL C. F. HUGHES (AP-124)' (Detail 6537) and companion record 'GENERAL EDWIN D. PATRICK (AP-124 / T-AP-124)' (Detail 1812) [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov Detail/6537 (narrative) and Detail/1812 (narrative, milestones, documents)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official MARAD record: year built 1945; Bethlehem Steel Shipbuilding Division; MARAD type P2-SE2-R1; fate 'Scrapped.' Narrative: 'third and final P2 Admiral type troopship in the Maritime Administration's inventory'; renamed General Edwin D. Patrick March 1950, MSTS civilian crew out of San Francisco; three Korean War battle stars; ~110 East Asia voyages 1953-1965; Western Pacific/SE Asia 1965-66; overhaul early 1967 then ready reserve at Suisun Bay. Milestones: 31 Jan 1950 entered Navy Department; 1 Mar 1950 renamed; 30 Sep 1968 temporary MARAD acquisition; 1 Mar 1990 removed from work for stripping; 1 Sep 1992 title transfer to MARAD. Withdrawn from fleet 15 April 2010 for dismantlement, completed 25 January 2011.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1945-2011
- Limitations
- Authoritative for MARAD custody chain and disposal; milestone dates conflict with NavSource/DANFS on title-transfer timing (DANFS 31 Aug 1969; NavSource 30 Sep 1968 and 28 Sep 1992) and with NavSource on dismantling completion (25 vs 20 Jan 2011) - logged in gaps. No asbestos or hazmat content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-04
-
[6]Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. CA-344, 'General Edwin D. Patrick (Admiral C.F. Hughes) (AP-124)', historian Brian Clayton, winter 2007; NPS Heritage Documentation Programs; Library of Congress survey ca3461 (also hosted at vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov/documents/General_Edwin_D._Patrick_HAER_Survey.pdf) [haer]
- Locator
- HAER CA-344 written historical and descriptive data (full document text searched); LOC ca3461
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Formal NPS engineering documentation of this specific hull, prepared at Suisun Bay before disposal: significance statement identifies her as the sole remaining ship afloat of the Admiral class; detailed engineering description of the as-built plant (four Combustion Engineering forced-draft boilers, oil-fired, 600 psi / 840 deg F, two per shaft; two GE turbine generators driving two 9,000-hp electric drives; four AC + four DC ship's service generators; 29 miles of HVAC ductwork and 106 vents); construction contract history (1941 MC award for ten P2-SE2-R1s to Bethlehem-Alameda, yard expanded to 75 acres / six slips, eight P2 transports built); accommodation arrangements (crew 356, troops 5,217 incl. 'standee' pipe-frame bunks); wartime armament fit; service narrative (first Vietnam deployment 16 Aug 1965, six further deployments before the early-1967 overhaul); full Admiral-class rename table (Appendix A).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 2007-2013 survey; 1943-2010 subject
- Limitations
- Engineering/historical recordation only - explicitly does NOT document asbestos, insulation materials, or hazardous substances anywhere in its 8,000+ lines; establishes machinery and arrangement, not exposure conditions. Survey executed 2007-2013, decades after construction - describes retained configuration, not original-spec materials lists.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-05
-
[7]HAER No. CA-344 full-text review + 2009 MARAD/CA SHPO MOA full-text OCR (this batch) [haer]
- Locator
- pdftotext of ca3461data.pdf equivalent (MARAD-hosted HAER PDF, 16.6 MB); tesseract OCR of MOA PDF (10 pp)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The ship-specific HAER documentation for this hull contains zero occurrences of 'asbestos', 'insulation' (as material content), 'hazard', 'abatement', 'PCB', or 'lead' anywhere in its text layer; the OCR'd Section 106 MOA likewise contains no asbestos or hazardous-material stipulation. The most complete government engineering record of this hull is silent on asbestos.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 2007-2013 (survey); 2009 (MOA)
- Limitations
- Negative finding, not exculpatory: HAER surveys record engineering significance, not hazmat inventories, and silence in the survey does not establish that asbestos was absent. The MOA's scope is historic-preservation mitigation, not environmental remediation. No ship-specific asbestos survey, abatement contract, or disposal hazmat manifest was located in any source searched.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-06
-
[8]Memorandum of Agreement between USDOT/Maritime Administration and the California State Historic Preservation Officer Regarding the Disposition of the Obsolete Vessels Mission Santa Ynez, Taluga, General Edwin D. Patrick, and General John Pope (2 November 2009) [other_primary]
- Locator
- MOA stipulation I(A-C) and whereas clauses, 10-page scanned PDF on MARAD Vessel History (Detail 1812 documents)
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- Section 106 (NHPA) agreement: MARAD and the California SHPO determined General Edwin D. Patrick eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places; the ship had been listed for donation under the Ship Donation Program since June 2005 with no qualifying donation request received; MARAD committed to NPS/HAER recordation of the four vessels in their present configuration before disposal, with documentation to the SHPO within 12 months and to the Library of Congress within 18 months.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 2005-2011 (donation listing through disposal)
- Limitations
- Historic-preservation process document only - contains no asbestos, hazmat, or exposure content (verified by OCR of the full document). Establishes NRHP eligibility determination and the provenance of the HAER survey; the NRHP-eligibility determination is administrative and does not equate to formal listing.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-07
-
[9]Carl Nolte, 'SUISUN BAY / Too junky to junk / Maritime crew seeking way to recycle aging fleet,' San Francisco Chronicle (via SFGate), 30 June 2007 [reputable_press]
- Locator
- SFGate article body, paragraphs on General Edwin D. Patrick
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Ship-specific condition record at end of life: Maritime Administrator Sean Connaughton called General Edwin D. Patrick 'the worst vessel in this fleet' (74 ships at Suisun Bay); teak decks rotten; gray paint 'laced with lead and mercury' flaking off in large sections; no dry-dock in 50 years; Coast Guard would not permit in-water hull cleaning of toxic material and potential nonnative marine life, blocking tow-out to the nearest scrap yard (Texas, ~5,000 miles) - the regulatory impasse that delayed disposal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 2007 (mothball era, 1968-2010)
- Population
- Suisun Bay fleet maintenance crews; prospective disposal/scrapping workers
- Limitations
- Press account quoting a named federal official - documents lead- and mercury-bearing paint and structural deterioration, NOT asbestos: the word asbestos does not appear. Documents mothball-era (2007) condition, not service-era exposure. Does not establish quantity, location, or any individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-08
-
[10]NavSource Online Service Ship Photo Archive 09/22/22124, 'USNS General Edwin D. Patrick (T-AP-124) ex USAT General Edwin D. Patrick (1946-1950), USAT Admiral C. F. Hughes (1946), USS Admiral C. F. Hughes (AP-124) (1945-1946)' [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.net page 09/22/22124, chronology block, campaign tables, and photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Volunteer-compiled timeline corroborating and supplementing official records: USAT Admiral C. F. Hughes under Army in 1946; USAT General Edwin D. Patrick placed in commission by ATS 30 August 1946; reacquired by Navy 1 March 1950 as USNS T-AP-124; Korean War campaigns (North Korean Aggression 31 Jul-1 Aug and 9 Oct-2 Nov 1950; Communist China Aggression 3-18 Nov 1950 and 5-6 Jan 1951); Vietnam campaigns (Vietnam Defense 6-7 Sep 1965; Vietnam Counteroffensive); out of service 1967; laid up NDRF Suisun Bay 30 Sep 1968; struck from the Naval Register 9 October 1969; title to US Navy March 1990 for stripping; returned and title to MARAD 28 September 1992; sold for scrapping to ESCO Marine, Brownsville, TX, withdrawn 15 April 2010, dismantling completed 20 January 2011. One of seven class ships given 1947-48 peacetime conversion to dependent carriers (Shipscribe caption). NARA-photo-captioned images incl. Panama Canal transit 30 June 1945 (80-G-339269) and Yokohama arrival 3 Nov 1951 (80-G-437315); AP wirephoto describes her as first transport to reach the West Coast after Japanese surrender (arriving San Francisco 18 August 1945 - one day after DANFS disembarkation date).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1945-2011
- Limitations
- Volunteer archive, not a primary source - carried for corroborated details official sources omit (final striking date, ESCO sale, campaign list, 1947-48 conversion). Conflicts with official sources (launch 27 Jul vs 27 Aug 1944; title-transfer chain; dismantling completion 20 vs 25 Jan 2011; two vs three battle stars) are logged in gaps; official sources carried where they conflict. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-09
-
[11]National Archives, Special List 44 - Named Vessels (list of Navy logbooks available online through the National Archives Catalog) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Special List 44, 'Admiral C.F. Hughes (AP-124)' row (begin 1/31/1945, end 6/30/1945)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA lists a digitized deck log for Admiral C.F. Hughes (AP-124) covering 31 January 1945 to 30 June 1945 - the ship's commissioning through her first five months, spanning the San Diego-Pearl Harbor-Guam runs and the Japanese-POW carriage documented by DANFS.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1945
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - the log was not reviewed page-by-page for this record; deck logs are operational records and would not normally document insulation or asbestos. Coverage ends June 1945, about ten months before decommissioning; later logs are not listed as digitized.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-10
-
[12]U.S. Maritime Commission, 'P2-SE2-R1 Plan' (8 September 1943), hosted as a historical document on the MARAD Vessel History records for this hull (Details 6537 and 1812) [other_primary]
- Locator
- MARAD Vessel History Detail 1812, Documents table, 'P2-SE2-R1 Plan.pdf' dated 9/8/1943
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The 1943 Maritime Commission design plan for the P2-SE2-R1 type - the class design drawing under which MC hull 682 was built - is preserved and publicly downloadable from the ship's MARAD record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1943
- Limitations
- Class-level design document, not hull-specific; not reviewed sheet-by-sheet for insulation callouts - material schedules on the plan could be a productive future check for period insulation specifications, which themselves may or may not name asbestos. URL verified live (HTTP 200) 2026-10-05.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-11
-
[13]Era-inference synthesis anchored on this hull's documented machinery: four Combustion Engineering D-type boilers (600 psi, 840 deg F) and GE turbo-electric plant per HAER CA-344 / NavSource / USCG [other_primary]
- Locator
- HAER CA-344 description section (machinery spaces); NavSource specifications block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A 1944-completed steam-powered transport operating 600 psi / 840 deg F machinery would, per the era's standard marine practice, have carried asbestos in boiler and steam-drum insulation, steam-line lagging, valve and flange gaskets, machinery packing, and electrical insulation - the application classes documented for WWII Maritime Commission/Navy steam construction.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1944-2011
- Population
- Bethlehem-Alameda construction trades (1943-45); USCG engine-room crew (1945-46); MSTS civilian engine crew (1950-67); 1947-48 conversion and 1967 overhaul yard workers; 1990 stripping and 2010-11 dismantling crews
- Limitations
- Era-consistent inference only - no document examined for this record states that asbestos products were installed aboard this hull. Anchor facts (boiler count/type, steam conditions) are ship-specific and verified; the material-content conclusion is class_or_era inference. Does not establish presence, absence, quantity, location, or any individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-12
-
[14]U.S. General Accounting Office, HRD-80-2, review of Navy asbestos-exposure protections (published 18 October 1979) - live gao.gov page returns HTTP 403; archived copy (Wayback capture 2025-04-02) cited [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 Highlights section (Wayback 2025-04-02 capture)
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- GAO examined the Navy's use of asbestos in ships, the cost of removing asbestos from Navy ships, and compensation programs for asbestos-related disabilities; per the product-page summary, the Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for repairs, modified in 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - establishing that asbestos insulation remained standard in the Navy fleet well past this ship's construction and service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1975-1979 policy window; WWII-1970s exposure era
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program level)
- Limitations
- Program-level context: GAO fieldwork covered Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards - not this hull, not this builder, not a survey of any P2 ship. Establishes Navy-era asbestos policy context only. Live gao.gov blocked to automated access (403, confirmed this session); citation is to the Wayback copy - labeled archived.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-admiral-c-f-hughes-ap124-13