Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
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[1]U.S. Navy Department / Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, 1945, Vol. III (NAVSHIPS 250 series), 'Auxiliaries - Coastal Transports (Small), (APc)' class characteristics and individual-vessel tables, book pp. 280-285 [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 Vol. III, APc section book pp. 280-281 (class characteristics) and pp. 282-283 (individual vessel machinery + builder/date tables), rows 'APc18 (ex-AMc158)' / 'APc18 .. 18'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Navy's official 1945 data book names this hull: 'APc18 (ex-AMc158)' built by 'Camden S. B. & Marine Ry. Co., Camden, Maine' - keel laid 17 Apr 42, launched 6 Aug 42, date of first commission 28 Jan 43, official number 18; individual machinery entry lists 'Nat. Sup. MML-6' diesel, 400 shaft horsepower, no reduction gear. Class table (APc1-111): 103'3" oa x 98'2" wl x 21'3" extreme beam, 9'3" limiting draft, 258 t limiting displacement, designed 10 kts ('no trial runs nor Model Basin tests were made'), single screw diesel, two diesel-drive 30 kW 120V D.C. ship's service generators, 145 bbls diesel oil, 3 officers + 22 enlisted ship's company, 66 enlisted troop capacity, 2-ton boom capacity, armament '20 mm. and smaller' - and notes 'Wood hulls.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1945 (publication); 1942-1943 (construction)
- Population
- Ship's company 3 officers + 22 enlisted; up to 66 embarked troops
- Limitations
- Establishes construction, identity, machinery, and class characteristics only. Contains no asbestos or materials-content information. All three milestone dates conflict with NavSource's page (see correction row) - the official figures are carried throughout this record. NavSource's 300 shp conflicts with this official 400 shp entry.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-01
-
[2]U.S. Navy Department / Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, 1945, Vol. II - List of Naval Vessels, hull-number cross-reference index [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 Vol. II, 'List of Naval Vessels' cross-reference index, AMc section, row 'AMc155-158 Now APc15-18'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official cross-reference index reads 'AMc155-158 Now APc15-18' - documenting in a Navy publication that the hull ordered as coastal minesweeper AMc-158 (CNO directive of 19 Jan 42 for AMc 150-199; this unit ordered 19 Feb 42 per the shipscribe construction table) was completed and commissioned as small coastal transport APc-18, as a block conversion with sisters AMc-155/156/157 to APc-15/16/17. One hull, two designations; never a second hull and never commissioned as AMc-158.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1945
- Limitations
- Confirms identity consolidation only; contains no service, materials, or asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-02
-
[3]USS APc-18 War Diary, September 1945 (Serial 0083, dated 1 Oct 1945) - Department of the Navy, Office of the CNO / Office of Naval Records and Library; NARA, National Archives Identifier 77556852; signed by G. W. Larson, Ens., USNR, Commanding Officer (Fold3 scans) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA NAID 77556852, 2 scanned pages (Sep 1945 installment); catalog page https://catalog.archives.gov/id/77556852
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary monthly war diary: 1-3 Sep anchored Buckner Bay, Okinawa, 'U.S.S. APc 18 serving as flagship for LCT-6-Flotilla 15' under that flotilla's administrative and operational command; 4 Sep moored alongside ARL-17 'to effect minor repairs'; 9 Sep shifted to Berth H-310 Hagushi; 11 Sep underway for Jinsen (Incheon), Korea under ComAmphib Group 7 movement order A710-45; 11 Sep 2230 'Reduced speed to 6 knots due to engine break down' with LSM-451 standing by; 12 Sep 0655 'taken in tow by LSM 451', engine repaired and tow cast off 1910; 15 Sep anchored Chimulpo Anchorage, Jinsen Ko, Korea; 19-25 Sep moored alongside 'U.S.S. Jason' in Chemulpo Anchorage - a documented tender availability (the repair ship Jason, then ARH-1, is independently documented at Jinsen from 8 Sep 1945 to mid-Feb 1946).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1945-09
- Population
- Ship's company (~25) plus LCT flotilla staff; repair-ship and tender workforces alongside
- Limitations
- Establishes operations and three documented maintenance events (ARL-17 repairs; engine breakdown with tow; six-day moorage alongside repair ship Jason) - the diary records the events but not their material scope; no mention of insulation, lagging, gaskets, or any asbestos-relevant work. Absence of asbestos mention is not evidence of absence aboard. 'LCT-6-Flotilla 15' transcribed as typed. Jason's hull number is not given in the diary; identification as repair ship ARH-1 rests on Jason's documented presence at Jinsen that month.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-03
-
[4]USS APc-18, 'Rep of AA Act in San Pedro Bay, Philippines, 11/24/44' - Anti-aircraft action report, Serial 0101, dated 26 Nov 1944, signed W. S. Fox, Lieut., USNR; NARA, National Archives Identifier 78700222 (Fold3 scans, 3 pages) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA NAID 78700222, 3 scanned pages (cover letter + 2-page Enclosure A report form)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary combat record for this hull inside her documented Leyte-operation window (12-29 Nov 1944 per NavSource): on 24 Nov 1944 in San Pedro Bay, Leyte, Philippine Islands, a surprise air attack by five planes (2 fighters, 3 bombers) on a bomb run was engaged by APc-18, which opened fire at ~1,600 yds, expended 279 rds 20 mm and 150 rds .30 cal over ~10 minutes (tracer spotting), and claimed one plane shot down 'sure' by 20 mm fire. The report records no hits on the ship, no strafing, no near bomb misses - and 'One man wounded by shrapnel. Shrapnel apparently came from anti-aircraft shells since no bombs were dropped in immediate vicinity of this vessel.' Forwarded to CominCh via CTF-76 / Commander Seventh Fleet; copy to 'Commander APc Flotilla Seven.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1944-11
- Population
- Ship's company under air attack; one crewman wounded (shrapnel, reportedly friendly AA fire)
- Limitations
- Documents a crew wound event and the ship's wartime employment - a personnel-injury datum, not an asbestos or materials record. Nothing in the report addresses shipboard materials. The signature also independently places LT W. S. Fox in command on 26 Nov 1944, slightly earlier than NavSource's roster change date (Dec 1944) - carried in the correction row.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-04
-
[5]NARA file unit 'APC-18, 1/28/43-7/9/46' - U.S. Navy muster rolls for this hull covering the full commissioned period (Roll No. 240; 238 digital objects scanned under the NARA-Ancestry partnership), National Archives Identifier 125412782 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA NAID 125412782; objects 32662_239219-00000 through -00237; page-1 roll inspected (quarter ending 28 Jan 1943)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A complete muster-roll run exists for this hull, 28 Jan 1943 through 9 Jul 1946 (238 digitized pages). Spot check of the commissioning roll ('Muster Roll of the Crew of the U.S.S. APc 18 for the quarter ending January 28, 1943') lists 20 enlisted men - ratings S2c through BM1c, EM3c, MoMM1c/2c, RM3c, SK3c, SC3c, QM3c, S1c, Matt3c, AS - all 'first received on board 1/28/43', corroborating the official 28 Jan 1943 commissioning date and the class complement order of magnitude (officers mustered on a separate roll). The file-unit span end date 7/9/46 corroborates the 9 Jul 1946 decommissioning.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Ship's company, complete roster 1943-1946 (unextracted)
- Limitations
- Existence and one page verified - the remaining 237 pages were not extracted; crew names, gains/losses, and any material remarks are unexamined. The muster roll contains no asbestos information. Digitization is via Ancestry partnership scans hosted by NARA; official NARA-catalog file-unit title 'APC-18, 1/28/43-7/9/46' is itself a primary corroboration of the service span.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-05
-
[6]NARA, Special List #44 (by ship number), index to U.S. Navy deck logs 1801-1947 held in the National Archives - 'APC-18 1/28/1943 6/30/1945' entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- sl-44-ship-number.pdf (pdftotext -layout verified), 'APC-18 1/28/1943 6/30/1945' row; digitized-logs listing at archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy-online (no APC-18 entry)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Special List #44 indexes this hull's deck logs in the National Archives deck-log collection (RG 24): 'APC-18, 1/28/1943 - 6/30/1945' - covering commissioning through mid-1945 (the entire wartime service). The index start date independently corroborates 28 Jan 1943 as the commissioning date. Logs for July 1945 - July 1946 (occupation/China service through decommissioning) are not indexed for this hull. The NARA 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' page lists no APC-18 - the logs exist as physical holdings, undigitized.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (indexed coverage)
- Limitations
- Index-level finding only - the logs were not retrieved (no paid reproduction authorized) and their contents, including stations, operations, repairs, and any material events beyond those in the war diaries, are unknown. SL-44 indexes physical holdings, not digitization status. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-06
-
[7]NavSource Online Service Ship Photo Archive, USS APc-18 page (volunteer transcription of official Navy records and campaign lists; live page unreachable at research time - verbatim text via Wayback capture 20241222051948) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page 09/23/23018 (milestones, campaigns, commanding officers, specifications, photo #765-43), via Wayback 20241222051948
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Secondary compilation for this hull: 'Originally planned as Coastal Minesweeper AMc-158'; laid down 17 Apr 1942 at Camden Ship Building and Marineway, Camden, ME; launched 8 Aug 1942 (conflicts with official 6 Aug); commissioned 25 Jan 1943 (conflicts with official 28 Jan), LT Richard Love USNR in command; call sign NCKR. Asiatic-Pacific campaigns credited - Eastern New Guinea operation (Finschhafen occupation, 28 Dec 1943-17 Feb 1944) and Leyte operation (Leyte landings, 12-29 Nov 1944) - two battle stars; Navy Occupation Service Medal 2 Sep-2 Dec 1945; China Service Medal (extended) 11 Dec 1945-15 Mar 1946. Decommissioned 9 Jul 1946 San Diego; struck 31 Jul 1946; to MARAD 1947; sold 21 Oct 1947 to Frieda Pinckney Scheck, Santa Barbara, CA; fate unknown. Six-officer command roster ending LTjg Robert W. Corlett (5 Mar-9 Jul 1946). Holds official US Navy Yard Charleston photo #765-43 dated 9 Apr 1943 showing APc-18 among eight craft on the blocks in Dry Dock #2 - a documented early-life drydocking. Notes 'There is no DANFS history record for USS APc-18.'
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1943-1947 (service and disposal); page captured 2024
- Population
- Ship's company (~25); embarked troops
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained transcription, not an official publication. Headline launch (8 Aug) and commissioning (25 Jan) dates conflict with the official Ships' Data figures (6 Aug, 28 Jan) AND with its own CO roster (LT Love from 28 Jan) - official figures carried; conflicts logged in the correction row. Spec block's 300 shp and 100 t light displacement conflict with the official 400 shp / 161 t light; campaign dates mirror official CNO participation lists but were not independently re-verified (secondary Bruhn index gives 25 Dec 43 start for Finschhafen - fetch failed, not cited). 'No DANFS history' confirmed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-07
-
[8]Shipscribe (S. Roberts), 'USS APc-1 Class' - construction and disposition tables and class notes compiled from official Navy/Maritime Commission records [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipscribe.com/usnaux/APC/APC01.html - construction table row 18, disposition table row 18, ship note APc-18, class notes
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Per-hull table rows for APc-18: construction - ordered 19 Feb 42, Camden SB, keel 17 Apr 42, launched 6 Aug 42, commissioned 28 Jan 43 (agrees with official Ships' Data on all dates); disposition - decommissioned 9 Jul 46, struck 31 Jul 46, Maritime Commission sale delivered 23 Oct 47 (MC/D). Ship note: 'Ex AMc-158. Sold (delivered) by MC to Frieda Pinckney Scheck, Santa Barbara, Cal.' Class notes document the AMc 150-199 -> APc 1-50 conversion program (BuShips modified-design specs Feb 42; CNO 'raider transport' request 13 Apr 42; District Craft Development Board recommendation 20 Apr 42; 'Coastal transport (small), APc' category created 22 Apr 42; wood-hulled 103-ft design; 2 officers + 74 men for 24 hrs or 4,000 cu.ft./17-ton cargo for 2,500 miles as designed uses).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary compilation (S. Roberts/Colton shipbuilding references), not the underlying MC sale document itself. Its dates agree with the official Ships' Data throughout for this hull; its MC delivery date (23 Oct 47) conflicts with NavSource's (21 Oct 47) - shipscribe carried, conflict logged. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-08
-
[9]ShipbuildingHistory (T. Colton), 'Camden Shipbuilding, Camden ME' yard history and delivery table - 'AMc 158/APc 18' row [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com/shipyards/emergencysmall/camden.htm - yard history paragraph + delivery-table row 'AMc 158/APc 18'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Independent per-hull delivery-table row: 'AMc 158/APc 18 | US Navy | Minesweeper | 100 GT | delivered 28-Jan-43 | To MARAD 1947' - corroborating builder, delivery date (matching the official commission date), and MARAD disposition. Yard history: Camden Shipbuilding and Marine Railway Company started 1940 by Richard Lyman, Cary Bok and Clinton Lunt; reconstituted postwar as Camden Shipbuilding Company, built fishing vessels and yachts until failing 1963, then bought by Wayfarer Marine (still operating as a maintenance facility). The same table lists sisters AMc 155-157/APc 15-17 - all 'US Navy | Minesweeper | 100 GT' - as a four-boat block.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1940-1963 (yard); 1942 (build)
- Population
- Construction trades at Camden Shipbuilding, Camden ME, 1942 (undocumented for asbestos)
- Limitations
- Secondary compiled yard history; 'delivered 28-Jan-43' conflates delivery with the official first-commission date (both recorded 28 Jan 43). Vessel type 'Minesweeper' reflects the contract designation, not commissioned service. No asbestos or materials information; nothing on yard workforce or insulation practice.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-09
-
[10]Design-bounded assessment compiled from the official Ships' Data 1945 entries (ev-01) and the secondary specification blocks (ev-07, ev-08) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 Vol. III APc-18 machinery row ('Nat. Sup. MML-6', 400 shp, 'None' reduction gear) and class notes ('Wood hulls'); navsource 09/23/23018 propulsion line
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Design-level assessment of the asbestos-relevant profile: this craft carried a single National Supply MML-6 diesel on one shaft in a wood-hulled 103-ft transport - no boilers, no steam distribution system, no turbines (official 1945 Ships' Data machinery entry and class 'Wood hulls' note). The principal asbestos vectors documented aboard steam-era naval vessels - boiler and steam-drum lagging, steam-line insulation, turbine and condenser insulation - are absent by design in this type. Residual era-typical applications remain plausible but are undocumented for this hull: diesel exhaust/muffler insulation, engine gaskets and packing (materially relevant given the documented engine breakdown and alongside repair availabilities of Sep 1945), electrical insulation, joiner materials, and brake/clutch linings on winch and boom gear.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Ship's company (3 officers + 22 enlisted per official class figure); construction trades at Camden, 1942; repair/tender workforces (1943 Charleston drydock; 1945 ARL-17 and Jason availabilities)
- Limitations
- Design inference, not a ship-specific finding: the absence of a steam plant removes the dominant asbestos vectors but does not prove the absence of asbestos aboard - WWII-era gaskets, packing, electrical components, and interior materials could still contain asbestos, and the material scope of the documented repair events (Charleston drydock 1943; ARL-17 repairs, engine breakdown/tow, and Jason availability Sep 1945) is unexamined. No located source names an asbestos product installed on this hull. Does not establish presence, absence, exposure, or causation for any individual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-10
-
[11]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era in which this hull was built (1942) and served (1943-1946) - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in ship construction including small auxiliary types.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (era context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarship on WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel, the APc-1 class, or the Camden yard and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. Applicability to a wood-hulled 103-ft diesel transport is materially weaker than to the steam-driven combatants the literature emphasizes.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-11
-
[12]Source-conflict and coverage reconciliation across official Ships' Data 1945 Vols. II-III, NARA war diaries/AA report/muster rolls/SL-44, NavSource, shipscribe, and shipbuildinghistory [other_primary]
- Locator
- ev-01 through ev-09 of this record; SDB 1945 Vol. III p. 283 APc-18 row vs navsource.org/archives/09/23/23018.htm milestone block and CO roster; NARA NAID 78700222 signature block vs NavSource roster row 02
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Publication-level discrepancies reconciled or logged: (a) Commissioning - official Ships' Data 28 Jan 43, NARA muster roll quarter ending 28 Jan 43, SL-44 log start 1/28/43, shipscribe and Camden yard table 28 Jan 43 vs NavSource headline 25 Jan 43 (the batch manifest's figure, tracing to NavSource) - official carried; NavSource's own CO roster begins LT Love 28 Jan, so its 25 Jan headline is internally inconsistent. (b) Launch - official and shipscribe 6 Aug 42 vs NavSource 8 Aug 42 (which matches official sister APc-17's date - probable row transposition) - official carried. (c) MC sale - shipscribe disposition table 'delivered 23 Oct 47' vs NavSource 'sold 21 Oct 1947 and removed same day' - shipscribe carried, variant logged. (d) Machinery - official 'Nat. Sup. MML-6, 400 shp, no reduction gear' vs NavSource '300 shp' - official carried. (e) CO timeline - NavSource roster shows LT W. S. Fox from Dec 1944, but the primary AA action report of 26 Nov 1944 is already signed 'W. S. Fox, Lieut., USNR' as commanding officer - primary signature controls; roster precision flagged. (f) Identity - 'AMc155-158 Now APc15-18' (official index) settles the AMc-158/APc-18 consolidation the manifest directed.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Limitations
- Resolves headline figures to official publications and primary records where conflicts exist; remaining ambiguity (exact MC delivery date mechanics; why NavSource carries 25 Jan/8 Aug) is logged, not guessed. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-12
-
[13]Batch-1505 search ledger (this record): official Ships' Data 1945 Vols. II-III; NARA catalog (war diaries, AA report, muster rolls) and SL-44; NavSource (Wayback); shipscribe/shipbuildinghistory/Camden yard tables; NHHC/DANFS; NVR; CourtListener API v4 (blocked); VA BVA index; DPLA; general web [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-amc-158-amc158-01 through sl-uss-amc-158-amc158-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement record, hazmat disclosure, shipyard work package, deck-log extract, or docketed case naming APc-18 or AMc-158 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull has no DANFS entry (NavSource annotation, NHHC pattern-check consistent) and no Naval Vessel Register entry (disposed 1946-47, pre-dating the modern register's 1987 cutoff).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 2026-09-22
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - period small craft commonly carried asbestos gaskets, packing, and hot-surface insulation, and this hull's unusually complete primary archive (10 war-diary installments, muster rolls, AA report, deck logs to 6/30/1945) is the likeliest place a material detail would surface but was only partially extracted. Does not establish that asbestos was or was not fitted, nor any individual exposure or legal eligibility. The CourtListener vessel-name search was rate-limit blocked at research date, so the litigation surface is a flagged gap rather than a confirmed null.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-158-amc158-13