Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]NavSource Naval History, USS APc-3 page (Service Ship Photo Archive; compiled from official Navy records) [other_primary]
- Locator
- USS APc-3 page - construction/service chronology, awards ribbon display, specifications block, commanding-officer list, commercial-service section
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity and service record for this hull: originally planned as coastal minesweeper AMc-166; laid down 1942-06-03 at Herreshoff Manufacturing Co., Bristol, RI; launched (NavSource gives 6 Aug 1942; builder record and ShipScribe give 26 Aug - see ev-03); commissioned USS APc-3 on 1942-11-10 (LTjg Paul C. Lindley Jr., USNR). Assigned to the Southwest Pacific Theater; photographed nested with APc-1, APc-5, APc-20, and APc-22 at a Solomon Islands anchorage in 1944. Awards: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal (no battle stars listed). Decommissioned 1946-01-26 at Seattle, WA; stricken 1946-02-26; transferred to the Maritime Administration 1947 for disposal; sold 1948-02-24 to Foss Tug & Launch Corp., Seattle, and withdrawn from the reserve fleet 1948-02-25. Resold 1951 to Harbour Towing Co. Ltd. (later Dolmage Towing), Vancouver BC, renamed P.B. Anderson and reflagged Canadian; subsequent owners Seaboard Towing & Packing (1953-56), Harold Alfred Jones/Van Tug (1956), Kingcome Navigation (1956-61), Tulloch-Western Fisheries (1962, renamed T-W Zelley 1963), Glass Fish Marine (1964), Tabako/Loncarich (1965). Sank 1966-01-26 off Cox Point, west coast of Vancouver Island - total loss. Spec block: 100 t. light / 234 t. fl / 258 t. lim; 103'3" x 21'3" x 9'3"; 10 knots; one National Supply Corp. MML-6 diesel, single propeller 300 shp; two 30 kW 120 V DC generators; four single 20 mm AA mounts; complement 3 officers + 22 enlisted; troop capacity 66; call sign NCBD. Five commanding officers listed, Lindley (1942-11-10) through LT John M. Abbott (to 1946-01-26).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1966
- Population
- Crew (3 officers + 22 enlisted); embarked troops (capacity 66)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a private archival compilation of official Navy data, not a government publication; no DANFS entry exists for this hull (NavSource states so explicitly), so dates and specs rest on this compilation rather than NHHC text. Its 6 Aug launch and 10 Nov commissioning dates conflict with the Herreshoff builder record/ShipScribe/NARA (26 Aug, 11 Nov) - see gaps. Contains no asbestos information and supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-01
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[2]ShipScribe (Stephen S. Roberts), USS APc-1 Class page - construction table, class notes, ship notes (compiled from BuShips/CNO/District Craft Development Board records and Ships' Data U.S. Naval Vessels) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Construction table row 3; Class Notes (procurement history, AMc 150-199 to APc 1-50 redirection); Ship Notes row 3
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Construction-record row: APc-3 ordered 1942-02-19 under the AMc 150-199 coastal-minesweeper program; built by Herreshoff Mfg (keel 1942-06-03, launch 1942-08-26, commission 1942-11-11); decommissioned 1946-01-26, struck 1946-02-26, disposed 1948-02-25, MA sale 1948-02-24. Class procurement history documented from CNO/BuShips records: CNO directed 50 AMc-type hulls (AMc 150-199) on 1942-01-19; BuShips issued modified 103-ft specifications Feb 1942; on 1942-04-13 CNO requested the 50 vessels be built as 'raider transports, AP'; the 'Coastal transport (small), APc' category was created 1942-04-22 on the District Craft Development Board's recommendation; AMc 150-199 became APc 1-50, though not respectively. Ship note: 'Ex AMc-166. Sold (delivered) by MC to Foss Launch & Tug Co., Seattle, Wash.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Construction trades (Herreshoff Mfg, Bristol RI, 1942)
- Limitations
- Secondary scholarly compilation of primary BuShips/CNO records, not the records themselves; the class notes document the type program, and the construction table names this hull. Its 11 Nov commissioning date conflicts with NavSource's 10 Nov - flagged, not reconciled. Establishes that the AMc-166 designation was contract-level only - the craft was completed as APc-3. Contains no asbestos information and supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-02
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[3]Herreshoff Marine Museum / Herreshoff Catalogue Raisonne, HMCo #427p APc3 record (HMCo Construction Record transcription + contemporary Bristol Phoenix citations + collection photographs) [museum_official]
- Locator
- Particulars block (contract, launch, dimensions, propulsion, price); Other Contemporary Text Sources (Bristol Phoenix, 1942-08-25 and 1942-08-28, p.1); Brightman photograph caption 1942-08-19; Maynard Bray production note
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder-primary construction record: HMCo hull no. 427p 'APc3', contract 1942-02-19, launched 1942-08-26, wood construction, LOA 103'2.5", LWL 98'6", beam 21'2.5", draft 8'3.625", displacement 112.0 short tons, Superior diesel 400 hp, one 3-blade propeller, contract amount $145,000, noted 'U.S. Navy Troop Transports' in the HMCo Construction Record; design by McInnis, Eldredge (the naval-architecture firm behind the parent AMc type). Herreshoff museum plaque states the APc design was based on the Eldredge McInnis-designed 93-ft AMc minesweeper lengthened by a 6-ft plug. Contemporary Bristol Phoenix coverage (25 and 28 Aug 1942) confirms the launch on the morning of Wednesday 26 Aug 1942, sponsor Miss Margaret Louise Hibbert, daughter of Herreshoff cabinet-shop foreman George Hibbert. A 19 Aug 1942 yard photograph shows APc3, APc4 and APc5 set up outdoors in the Walkers Cove yard. Herreshoff built 22 APc hulls in two batches at about $145,750 each.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942
- Population
- Construction trades (Herreshoff Mfg, Bristol RI, 1942)
- Limitations
- Builder's own construction record as transcribed by the Herreshoff Marine Museum - the strongest available construction source for this hull. It records contract, launch, dimensions, engine and price, not commissioning (Navy-side event) or service. Its 26 Aug launch date and the contemporary newspaper corroboration outweigh NavSource's 6 Aug; carried here and flagged in gaps. Contains no asbestos information and supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-03
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[4]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List #44 (deck-log holdings by ship number) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL-44 ship-number index, APC-3 row (11/11/1942-6/30/1945); no AMC-166 row present
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA Special List #44 (Navy deck-log finding aid, indexed by ship number) lists APC-3 deck logs held at the National Archives covering 1942-11-11 through 1945-06-30 - i.e., commissioning through mid-1945. No AMC-166 entry exists in the index, consistent with the minesweeper designation being planning-only. The 11 Nov log-start date aligns with the ShipScribe commissioning date rather than NavSource's 10 Nov.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Limitations
- Finding aid only - the deck logs themselves were not retrieved or read, and their contents (ports, operations, any material/conditions notes) are unknown. Coverage in this index ends 1945-06-30 although the ship served to 1946-01-26; later log segments, if extant, may sit in other NARA accretions. Not an asbestos record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-04
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[5]The Nauticapedia (nauticapedia.ca) vessel database, APc-3 / T-W Zelley entries (Canadian official no. 193770) + George Duddy, 'Vancouver's Fleet of Former US Navy APc Vessels' (compiled from Canadian registry documents and regional maritime records) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Nauticapedia APc-3 and T-W Zelley vessel entries (id 49788 / 24584); Duddy article fleet table and T-W fleet narrative; registry-document quote for the 1966-01-26 sinking and 1966-03-16 registry closure
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Postwar commercial career and loss under the Canadian flag: registered as Canadian official no. 193770 with U.S. Navy pendant recorded as 'AMC.166'; gross tonnage 183.96, registered 80.75; measured 99.2' x 22.3' x 9.6'; type tug then fishpacker; converted to a packer in 1962; engine recorded as 400 bhp 6-cylinder (12.5" x 16.5") National Supply Co. Superior Engine Div., Springfield OH. Ownership chain 1948 Foss Launch & Tug (Seattle) -> 1951 Harbour Towing/Dolmage (renamed P.B. Anderson) -> 1953-56 Seaboard Towing & Packing -> 1956 Harold Alfred Jones (Van Tug) -> 1956-61 Kingcome Navigation -> 1962 Tulloch-Western Fisheries (renamed T-W Zelley 1963, for head captain Bill Zelley) -> 1964 Glass Fish Marine -> 1965 Tabako/Loncarich. Quoting the Canadian registry documents: 'Vessel sank on the January 26, 1966 off Cox Point West Coast of Vancouver Island, total loss. Advice received from Joseph Loncarich one of the registered owners. Certificate not delivered up.' Registry closed 1966-03-16.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1948-1966
- Population
- Commercial tug/fish-packer crews (1948-1966)
- Limitations
- Private maritime-history compilation quoting official Canadian registry entries - the registry documents themselves were not pulled directly. NavSource spells the 1951 name 'P.B. Andersen' while Canadian sources give 'P.B. Anderson' - variant noted, not resolved. Establishes the hull's definitive loss (no surviving structure) and its commercial use; contains no asbestos information and supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-05
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[6]ShipScribe USS APc-1 Class design notes (wood hull, diesel, 103 ft) + Herreshoff #427p construction record (wood construction, Superior diesel) + NavSource USS APc-3 specifications block [other_primary]
- Locator
- Class Notes (design derivation, wood hulls) and class characteristics block; HMCo #427p particulars; NavSource spec block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Design-level asbestos-relevance inference for this hull type: the APc-1 class was a wood-hulled craft of ~103 ft powered by a single diesel engine with no boilers and no steam plant, so the dominant WWII naval-asbestos pathways (boiler insulation, turbine lagging, steam-line lagging) do not apply. Asbestos-relevant applications for a 1942 naval auxiliary of this type are limited to era-typical items: diesel exhaust-system lagging, engine gaskets and packing, electrical insulation/switchboard backing, deck-covering and non-skid compounds, adhesives/mastics, and friction linings on deck machinery.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1966
- Population
- Construction trades (1942); engine-room crew; later repair/refit workers incl. 1962 packer conversion
- Limitations
- The wood-hull diesel platform is documented for the type and for this hull specifically; the list of asbestos-relevant applications is era inference, not documentation - no material survey, specification, or maintenance record names asbestos aboard this hull. Does not establish presence, quantity, location, or individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-06
-
[7]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical scholarship documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program under which this 1942 wooden auxiliary was built - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization across naval and merchant construction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel, does not address small wooden auxiliaries specifically, and does not establish that asbestos was or is aboard this hull, nor quantity, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-07
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[8]Batch-1514 search ledger (this record): NavSource APc-3 page; ShipScribe APc-1 class page; Herreshoff Marine Museum #427p record; NHHC/DANFS index check; NARA SL-44; Nauticapedia/Duddy; MARAD ShipHistory; NavalCoverMuseum; shipbuildinghistory.com; CourtListener API v4 (blocked) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-amc-166-amc166-01 through sl-uss-amc-166-amc166-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or museum record names this hull, and no DANFS entry exists. The hull sank as a total loss off Vancouver Island in 1966 - there is no surviving structure, museum custody, or reserve-fleet record from which a survey could be expected. CourtListener litigation searches were attempted but blocked by API rate-limit on the research date (see search_ledger) - litigation status is therefore unverified rather than confirmed negative.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 2026-09-22
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-consistent materials could still have been present before the 1966 loss. Litigation coverage is incomplete: the CourtListener opinion/docket search could not be executed on 2026-09-22 due to API throttling and remains an open check. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-08
-
[9]ShipScribe USS APc-1 Class notes (AMc 150-199 redirected to APc) + NavSource USS APc-3 page; ShipScribe FY1942 U.S. Navy construction program table (AM 166-77 reallocated/cancelled, 'there were no awards'); Nauticapedia register pendant field [other_primary]
- Locator
- ShipScribe class notes + ship note row 3 + FY42 program table (AM 166-77 block, reallocations approved 1942-04-08); NavSource APc-3 identity line; Nauticapedia APc-3 entry (Pendant # AMC.166)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity correction and collision notes: (a) AMc-166 was a planning/contract designation only - the AMc 150-199 batch was redirected to the APc transport type by CNO request of 1942-04-13 (APc category created 1942-04-22), and this hull's keel was laid 1942-06-03, after the redirection; she was built and commissioned solely as USS APc-3 - one hull, not two vessels. (b) AM-166 was a planned 1942 Admirable-class ocean-minesweeper contract number cancelled 1942-04-09 before award - no commissioned AM-166 ever existed. (c) USS AMS-166 (ex-YMS-type motor minesweeper) is a different hull in a different designation series and must not be merged. (d) The 'AMC.166' pendant recorded in the Canadian register (official no. 193770) is this same hull, not a third vessel.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1966
- Limitations
- Prevents real indexing errors: treating AMc-166 and APc-3 as separate hulls (they are one); merging with the cancelled AM-166 contract or the AMS-166/YMS hulls (different or non-existent vessels). The AM-166 cancellation is documented at program level (ShipScribe FY42 table; secondary compilations concur). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-166-amc166-09