Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, 1945, Vol. II (NAVSHIPS 250 series), U.S. Navy Department / Bureau of Ships, hull-number cross-reference index [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 Vol. II, 'List of Naval Vessels' cross-reference index, AMc section: 'AMc196-199 Now APc7-10'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity correction/consolidation in a Navy publication: the Vol. II index reads 'AMc196-199 Now APc7-10' - AMc-198 was a planned designation only. The CNO directed construction of 50 coastal minesweepers AMc 150-199 on 1942-01-19; on 1942-04-13 the CNO requested the same 50 hulls be built as 'raider transports, AP'; the 'coastal transport (small), APc' category was created 1942-04-22 and AMc 150-199 became APc 1-50. The Herreshoff hull contracted 1942-04-29 - after the type conversion - was completed and commissioned as small coastal transport APc-9. No vessel was ever commissioned as AMc-198.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1945 (index); 1942 (conversion)
- Limitations
- Confirms identity consolidation only; the index entry contains no service, materials, or asbestos information. Procurement narrative (CNO directives, APc category creation date) is from the shipscribe APc-1 class notes compiled from official records.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-01
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[2]Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, 1945, Vol. III (NAVSHIPS 250 series), U.S. Navy Department / Bureau of Ships, 'Auxiliaries - Coastal Transports (Small), (APc)' tables, pp. 280-283 [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 Vol. III, APc section: class characteristics pp. 280-281, machinery table p. 282 ('APc9 (ex-AMc198) ... Nat. Sup. MML-6 ... 400'), construction/builder table p. 283
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Navy's official 1945 data book names this hull: 'APc9 (ex-AMc198)' built by Herreshoff Mfg. Co., Bristol, R.I. - keel laid 23 Jul 42, launched 30 Nov 42, first commissioned 30 Mar 43, official number 9; individual-vessel machinery entry lists National Supply Corp. MML-6 diesel, 400 shaft horsepower, no reduction gear. Class table (APc 1-111): 103'3" oa x 98'2" wl x 21'3" beam x 9'3" limiting draft, 258 t limiting displacement, designed 10 kts (no trials or model-basin tests), single screw, two diesel-drive 30 kW 120V D.C. ship's service generators, 145 bbls diesel oil, 3 officers + 22 enlisted ship's company, 66 enlisted troop capacity, 2-ton boom, 20 mm and smaller armament - footnoted 'Wood hulls.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1945 (publication); 1942-1943 (construction)
- Population
- Ship's company 3 officers + 22 enlisted; up to 66 embarked troops
- Limitations
- Establishes construction, identity, and machinery only. Contains no asbestos or materials-content information. Launch date (30 Nov 42) conflicts with NavSource (10 Nov) and the Herreshoff Construction Record (1 Dec); official figure carried. NavSource's spec block gives 300 shp vs this official 400 shp entry.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-02
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[3]Herreshoff Catalogue Raisonné, HMCo #433p APc9 - transcription of the Herreshoff Manufacturing Co. Construction Record (builder's own record) [museum_official]
- Locator
- Herreshoff Catalogue Raisonné, HMCo #433p APc9 particulars block (Vermilya/Bray and van der Linde transcriptions of the HMCo Construction Record)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder's record for hull 433p: type 'Navy Coastal Transport,' designed by McInnis, Eldredge; contract 1942-04-29; launch 1942-12-01; wood construction; LOA 103' 2.5", LWL 98' 6", beam 21' 2.5", draft 8' 3.625"; displacement 112 short tons; diesel, Superior, 400 h.p.; one 3-blade propeller; built for U.S. Navy at $145,000; Construction Record note 'U.S. Navy Troop Transports.' The contract date (29 Apr 42) postdates the 13-22 Apr 42 AMc-to-APc type conversion - the builder contracted the hull as a transport, consistent with the planned-minesweeper designation never reaching the water.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1942
- Population
- Herreshoff Mfg. workforce (1942); crew (1943-1946)
- Limitations
- Primary builder record via the museum's transcription. Launch date (1 Dec 42) conflicts with the official 30 Nov 42; 'Superior' is National Supply Corp.'s Superior engine line - consistent with the official 'Nat. Sup. MML-6' entry, though NavSource's spec block carries 300 shp. Contains no asbestos or materials-content information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-03
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[4]NARA Special List No. 44 (Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations), ship-number index [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL-44 by-ship-number PDF, APC section: 'APC-9 3/30/1943 6/30/1945'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's published finding aid lists deck logs for APC-9 covering 1943-03-30 through 1945-06-30 - the ship's own daily operational record, held at the National Archives. The coverage start date independently corroborates the 30 March 1943 commissioning/in-service date in the official Ships' Data table.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Crew (1943-1945)
- Limitations
- Finding-aid entry only: the logs were not retrieved or read; contents unexamined. Coverage ends 1945-06-30 while the ship remained in commission into 1946 - the final log segment is not in this list's range. Digitized installments were not located this session (DPLA/NARA-catalog check negative). No asbestos or materials information is expected in deck logs; value is operational history.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-04
-
[5]NavSource Online Service Ship Photo Archive, USS APc-9 page (volunteer transcription of official Navy records and campaign lists); NHHC photo NH 81031 captioned therein [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page 09/23/23009 (history block, specifications, campaign table, commanding officers, disposition; photo NH 81031 caption)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled service record for this hull: 'originally planned as Coastal Minesweeper AMc-198'; commissioned 30 Mar 1943 under LTjg William V. French, USNR; Asiatic-Pacific campaigns credited - Bismarck Archipelago operation, Arawe, New Britain, 15-16 Dec 1943, and Hollandia operation, 13 May 1944; two battle stars; American Campaign Medal and WWII Victory Medal; command roster LTjg French (Mar 43-Dec 44), LTjg Kenneth F. Hahn USNR (Dec 44-Mar 45), ENS John J. McNaughton USNR (Mar 45-1 Jun 46); decommissioned 1 Jun 1946 at Naval Station Long Beach; stricken 28 Aug 1946; transferred to MARAD 1947, sold 15 Mar 1947 to Foss Tug and Launch Co., Seattle, removed from reserve fleet 18 Mar 1947; fate unknown. Explicitly notes 'There is no DANFS history record for USS APc-9.' NHHC photo NH 81031 shows the hull entering San Francisco Bay late 1945/early 1946 with armament removed and deckhouse portholes added.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1943-1946 (service); page accessed 2026-09-23
- Population
- Ship's company (~25); embarked troops
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained transcription, not an official publication; commissioning and strike dates agree with official sources, but launch (10 Nov 42 vs official 30 Nov), decommission (1 Jun 46 vs register 17 Jun), and disposal dates (Mar 1947 vs register Feb 1948) conflict - logged in gaps. Campaign/battle-star data mirrors official CNO participation lists and is corroborated by a naval-historian compilation (Bruhn) but was not independently re-verified against the underlying list. 'MARAD 1947' is anachronistic shorthand - the U.S. Maritime Commission (not MARAD, created 1950) handled the disposal. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-05
-
[6]Shipscribe (S. Roberts), 'USS APc-1 Class' - construction and disposition tables compiled from official Navy/Maritime Commission records [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipscribe.com/usnaux/APC/APC01.html - construction table row 9, disposition table row 9, ship note 9, class notes
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Disposition table for APc-9: decommissioned 17 Jun 46, struck 28 Aug 46, disposed 24 Feb 48 coded MC/D (Maritime Commission disposal), MA sale 19 Feb 48. Ship note: 'Ex AMc-198. Sold (delivered) by MC to Foss Launch & Tug Co., Seattle, Wash.' Construction row agrees with the official Ships' Data book: ordered 29 Apr 42, Herreshoff Mfg, keel 23 Jul 42, launched 30 Nov 42, commissioned 30 Mar 43. Class notes document the AMc 150-199 -> APc conversion program (CNO 'raider transport' request 13 Apr 42; wood-hulled 103-ft design derived from the 96-ft AMc type).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1942-1948
- Population
- Herreshoff Mfg. workforce (1942); crew (1943-1946)
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary compilation (S. Roberts / shipbuildinghistory references), not the underlying MC sale document itself. Decommission (17 Jun 46 vs NavSource 1 Jun) and sale dates (Feb 1948 vs NavSource Mar 1947) conflict - carried attributed, not resolved. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-06
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[7]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed history documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program under which this hull was built in 1942.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (era context)
- Limitations
- Era/program-level background only: the study addresses wartime shipbuilding generally (large steel-hull construction at major yards) and does not name this vessel, its class, or small wooden diesel craft. A 103-ft wooden-hulled diesel transport had no boilers or steam plant - the highest-density asbestos applications of the era - so era inference for this hull type is weak. Does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-07
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[8]Batch-1549 search ledger (this record): official Ships' Data 1945 Vols. II-III; Herreshoff Construction Record; NARA Special List 44; NavSource/shipscribe secondary compilations; CourtListener API v4 opinion and docket sweeps for 'APc-9', 'APC-9', 'AMc-198', 'AMC-198'; MARAD Vessel History Database; Naval Vessel Register; asbestos-specific web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-amc-198-amc198-01 through sl-uss-amc-198-amc198-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos record located for this hull or class: no asbestos survey, abatement record, hazmat disclosure, shipyard work package, or docketed case naming APc-9, AMc-198, or AMC-198 was found in the sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion search returned 9 hits for 'APc-9' - all name collisions (APC professional-corporation suffix, APCO Oil, unrelated cases) - and 0 for 'AMc-198'; docket search returned 1,364 hits for 'APc-9'/'APC-9' - all 'APC' firm-name noise - and 1 hit for 'AMC-198' (Willis v. Aron, an AMC Entertainment shareholder suit, E.D. Tex. 4:23-cv-00732 - collision). No class-level asbestos itemization exists for the APc-1 wooden-hulled diesel transport type in the inspected record. No DANFS entry exists for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 2026-09-23
- Limitations
- Absence of a located record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-typical components on a 1942 diesel craft (gaskets, exhaust lagging, packing, electrical insulation) cannot be ruled out. Conversely, era inference is weak for this type. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-amc-198-amc198-08