Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, APL-13 (archives 09/71/7113) - class line, chronology, specification block, officer-in-charge list [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page 09/71/7113, chronology block and Specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- APL-2 class non-self-propelled barracks ship built by Boston Navy Yard, Charlestown, MA: ordered 15 January 1944; laid down 5 September 1944; launched 12 October 1944; delivered and placed in service 20 November 1944, LT Ronald H. Wallace, USNR, in charge. Towed Boston to Canal Zone by Army tug LT-784 (1944-12-22 to 1945-01-13); Balboa to Pearl Harbor by ATA-202 (1945-02-01 to 02-12); Pearl Harbor to Guam via Eniwetok by Menominee (ATF-73) (1945-03-07 to 04-12); Ulithi to Leyte by Tern (ATO-142) (1945-05-26 to 06-01). Grounded in Typhoon Louise at Okinawa 9 October 1945; placed out of service 28 December 1945 (NavSource); struck from the Naval Register 21 January 1946; wreck unsalvageable on Chinen Saki and blown up 22 February 1946. Awards: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal. Specs: displacement 1,300 t (lt) / 2,660 t (fl); length 260.0' wl / 261.2' oa; beam 49'; draft 8'6"; complement 5 officers + 66 enlisted; accommodation 6 officers + 583 enlisted; three diesel-drive 100 kW 450 V AC ship's-service generators; 1,000 bbl diesel fuel. Officer-in-charge: LT Wallace, 1944-11-20 to 1945-12-28. NavSource states no DANFS history is available for APL-13 and hosts no photographs of the hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Ship's company ~71 per spec block; up to ~589 berthed personnel (accommodation capacity)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled archival page - secondary compilation, not a federal record. The 'placed out of service 28 December 1945' date conflicts with the NHHC casualty listing and Ships' Data-derived disposition (decommissioned 23 November 1945); the discrepancy is carried in gaps and the correction row. Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-01
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[2]Naval Historical Center (now NHHC), 'Typhoons and Hurricanes: Pacific Typhoon at Okinawa, October 1945' - reproducing the extract on Typhoon 'Louise' from the Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas report on the Surrender and Occupation of Japan, including Appendix III 'Typhoon Damage at Okinawa' vessel listing [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Appendix III 'Typhoon Damage at Okinawa' table, APL 13 row (naval-history FAQ faq102-6, Wayback 20001204035500)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The CINCPAC report's Appendix III vessel-casualty listing for Typhoon Louise (9 October 1945, Buckner Bay, Okinawa) records: 'APL 13 - Grounded. Decommissioned 11/23/45.' The report narrative documents the storm's severity (winds to 100 knots with gusts to 120, 30-35 ft seas in the bay) and fleet-wide toll (12 ships sunk, 222 grounded, 32 damaged beyond ship's-force repair; 36 dead, 47 missing, ~100 seriously injured). APL-13 is one of four APLs listed (APL 12 refloated; APL 13 grounded and decommissioned; APL 14 grounded and recommended for stripping; APL 33 refloated).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1945-10-09 to 1945-11-23
- Population
- Ship's company (~71) and any berthed personnel aboard at grounding
- Limitations
- Official Navy-published primary report (CINCPAC Surrender and Occupation report, Annex A). Lists the hull by number and records grounding plus administrative decommissioning date; gives no damage detail specific to this hull and no personnel information for APL-13 (casualty figures are storm-wide). Live NHHC URL (history.navy.mil/faqs/faq102-6.htm) returns 404 - accessed via Wayback capture 2000-12-04; canonical citation retained. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-02
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[3]Shipscribe (Stephen S. Roberts), 'USS APL-2 Class' - construction and disposition tables compiled from official U.S. Navy ship records (Ships' Data Book / NVR-derived), class notes, and per-hull ship notes [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipscribe.com/usnaux/APL/APL02.html, construction/disposition tables APL-13 rows, ship note 13, class notes APL 2-13
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Construction table: APL-13 ordered 15 Jan 44, builder Navy Yard Boston, keel 5 Sep 44, launched 12 Oct 44, commissioned (placed in service) 20 Nov 44. Disposition table: decommissioned 23 Nov 45, struck 21 Jan 46, disposal event 9 Oct 45, fate 'Lost.' Ship note: 'Completed 19 Nov 44, delivered 20 Nov 44. Grounded in typhoon at Okinawa 9 Oct 45, unsalvageable, destroyed (blown up) 22 Feb 46.' Class notes: APL 2-13 were standard non-self-propelled 2,000-ton 260-foot Navy covered barges with a two-story barracks superstructure, built under the FY1942 program and recommended by the Auxiliary Vessels Board (11 Jun 1943) to house repair-force personnel supporting EC-2-to-ARG repair-ship conversions on a three-shift basis.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation by a recognized Navy shipbuilding historian reproducing official record-group data; consistent with NHHC casualty listing (decomm 23 Nov 45) and NavSource (strike 21 Jan 46, blown up 22 Feb 46). The 'commissioned' column heading is conventional shorthand - APLs were placed in service with officers-in-charge, not commissioned. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-03
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[4]National Archives at Boston (via Digital Commonwealth): 'Rear Admiral Robert A. Theobald, USN, at launching of APL-13,' 12 October 1944; creator U.S. Navy Naval District, 1st (1st Naval District - Commandant); collection Photographs of the First Naval District, series Administrative History of the First Naval District in World War II, 1946; NARA Boston Box 1, Folder Vol IX; identifier PD 136; accession 1138081 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Digital Commonwealth item commonwealth:fx71bp949 (permalink ark:/50959/fx71bp949)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A federal archival photograph record documents the 12 October 1944 launching of APL-13, with Rear Admiral Robert A. Theobald (Commandant, 1st Naval District) in attendance - corroborating the launch date and the Boston Navy Yard / 1st Naval District construction provenance.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-10-12
- Limitations
- Catalog-level archival record verified (single photograph, no image content analyzed). Documents the launch event only; contains no asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-04
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[5]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference: this hull was built and outfitted at a U.S. Navy yard (Boston Navy Yard, Sep-Nov 1944) during the peak WWII asbestos-in-shipbuilding period documented by Corn & Starr. For this hull's configuration - a non-self-propelled steel barracks barge with no propulsion machinery, three diesel-driven ship's-service generators, and berthing accommodation for ~589 - the era-consistent asbestos material profile is accommodation and joiner insulation, pipe covering on heating/plumbing runs, generator exhaust lagging, deck coverings, and machinery gaskets and packing. The steam-plant exposure pathway typical of powered naval vessels does not apply to this hull. Documented disturbance/construction phases: fabrication at Boston Navy Yard (Sep-Nov 1944); in-service period as a floating barracks in the Pacific (Nov 1944-Oct 1945); grounding and stripping at Okinawa (Oct-Dec 1945); in-place demolition (22 Feb 1946).
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Construction trades at Boston Navy Yard (1944); ship's company ~71 and berthed personnel up to ~589 (1944-45); salvage/stripping and demolition parties at Okinawa (1945-46)
- Limitations
- Era-level inference, NOT a hull record. No survey, specification, or material schedule naming APL-13 was located; establishes no asbestos content, quantity, location, individual exposure, or causation aboard this specific hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-05
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[6]Fleischer, W.E., Viles, F.J. Jr., Gade, R.L., and Drinker, P., 'A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels,' J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28(1):9-16 (Jan 1946), PMID 21016030 [other_primary]
- Locator
- J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28(1):9-16; PubMed PMID 21016030
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- The U.S. Maritime Commission-commissioned industrial-hygiene survey of WWII pipe-covering operations at two Navy yards and two Navy contract yards documented that 'an important ingredient of pipe covering material used on U.S. Navy vessels is amosite' - i.e., asbestos-containing pipe insulation was standard material in wartime naval-vessel construction of this hull's era and builder type (a Navy yard build, 1944).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1945 survey; published 1946
- Population
- WWII pipe coverers and naval-vessel construction trades (era context)
- Limitations
- Era-level documentation of asbestos use in naval construction generally; the surveyed yards are not identified as Boston Navy Yard and the survey does not name this vessel or class. Establishes nothing about this hull's materials, condition, or any individual exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-06
-
[7]CourtListener API v4 authenticated opinion/docket sweeps, 2026-09-26 (via fleet-paced cl-auth-search.py) [court_record]
- Locator
- CourtListener sweeps (see search_ledger sl-uss-apl-13-apl13-10, -11)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Authenticated CourtListener sweeps found no qualifying case naming this hull: '"APL-13" asbestos' opinions count=0; '"APL-13"' bare opinions count=5, all classified name collisions (Milward v. Acuity Specialty Products, 639 F.3d 11 (1st Cir. 2011) - benzene toxic-tort where 'APL' is Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia; Schenk v. Schenk (Pa. Super. 2005) and three pre-1930 state opinions - Hallenbeck v. Directors of Village of Saugerties (N.Y. App. Div. 1898), Eagle Brewing Co. v. Colaluca (R.I. 1915), Collins v. Collins (Wash. 1929) - where 'Apl./Apr. 13' date tokens match); '"APL-13"' dockets count=41, first page (20 of 41) screened - all collisions: Apple Inc. cases matching 'APL'/exhibit tokens (Epic Games, Gjovik, Grace, Kannan, Masimo, Smartflash, Apple securities MDL, MacBook Keyboard lit.), APL company names (Cortez v. APL Access & Security; Matson Navigation v. DOT with 'APL Maritime, Ltd.'/'APL Marine Services, Ltd.' = American President Lines entities), Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, 'APL Proposal #13' (Byrne v. Yale), 'APLC' token (NFL concussion MDL), and other document/exhibit token matches (ADVERIO v. Alembic ANDA cases, Khaira v. Blue Cross qui tam, Murray v. Southern Route Maritime, KARKEY v. Pakistan, Marte v. Macy's). No asbestos suit, no maritime case naming this craft, no qualifying hit at any litigation stage.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- sweeps run 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Opinion index fully swept (exact-hull query with and without 'asbestos'); docket index partially screened (20 of 41 hits, page 1 only - pages 2-3 and '"USS APL-13"'/'"APL 13"' variants could not be run: the shared fleet pacing budget was repeatedly spent during the session). Every screened hit is a token collision - 'APL-13' is a hull-number string with no surname/place homograph, and no hit involves a vessel, asbestos, or any plaintiff alleging shipboard exposure. RECAP full-text coverage beyond page 1 not reached - filings mentioning the hull without caption naming would not surface anyway. No complaint, discovery record, trial finding, or judgment naming this hull was located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-07
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[8]Batch-2466 search ledger (this record): NavSource 09/71/7113; NHHC CINCPAC Typhoon Louise report (Wayback faq102-6); Shipscribe APL-2 class compilation; NARA Boston/Digital Commonwealth launching photo; DANFS/NVR/MARAD checks; CourtListener sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-apl-13-apl13-01 through sl-uss-apl-13-apl13-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or (subject to litigation_sweep row) docketed case naming APL-13 was found in the public sources searched. The hull was destroyed in place in February 1946, so no present-day materials condition exists to document. NavSource confirms no DANFS entry exists for this hull (unnamed service craft).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944 Navy-yard-built accommodation craft is era-consistent with asbestos-containing insulation and outfitting materials. The negative finding covers searched public sources only; NARA construction records (RG 181, Boston) were not physically surveyed. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-08
-
[9]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 181 (Records of Naval Districts and Shore Establishments) - 181.3.1 Records of the Boston Navy Yard (Boston, MA) and 181.2.1 Records of the 1st Naval District (Boston, MA), both held at National Archives at Boston [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov guide-fed-records group 181; NARA Boston finding aid 'Navy and Marine Corps Records at Boston'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - require research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): RG 181.3.1 Boston Navy Yard records at NARA Boston may hold hull-level construction/outfitting records for the FY1942-program barges (APL 11-13 built at the yard Aug-Nov 1944), including any material schedules; RG 181.2.1 1st Naval District records include the Photographs of the First Naval District series that already produced the verified APL-13 launching photograph (PD 136) and district war diaries/logs (1942-46) that may document the craft's commissioning-period fitting-out and December 1944 departure under tow; the CINCPAC report underlying the NHHC typhoon casualty listing (RG 38 series) may carry the salvage survey finding the wreck unsalvageable.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1946 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for APL-13 is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-09
-
[10]Cross-source date reconciliation: NHHC CINCPAC Appendix III ('Decommissioned 11/23/45') + Shipscribe disposition row (Decomm. 23 Nov 45) vs NavSource ('Placed out of service, 28 December 1945'; officer-in-charge listed through 28 Dec 1945) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHHC faq102-6 Appendix III APL 13 row; shipscribe.com APL02 disposition table row 13; NavSource 09/71/7113 chronology
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Out-of-service date conflict resolved by weight of sourcing: the NHHC-published CINCPAC casualty listing and the Ships' Data-derived Shipscribe disposition table both record decommissioning on 23 November 1945, which is adopted here; NavSource's 'placed out of service 28 December 1945' and the officer-in-charge tenure ending 28 December 1945 likely reflect the date the wreck/site was finally vacated or a transcription offset - the earlier date is carried as controlling and the NavSource date is flagged in gaps. Separately: references styling this craft 'USS APL-13' are conventional - APLs were noncommissioned service craft 'placed in service' under an officer-in-charge; no commissioning ceremony or commanding officer existed.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1945
- Limitations
- Resolves a secondary-source date discrepancy using the primary (CINCPAC report) record; does not affect identity, construction, or loss timeline. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-apl-13-apl13-10