Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet crew-cx-packet.md (7 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-arikara-at98-pkt-crew-cx-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Arikara (AT-98) - construction at Charleston Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Charleston SC; commissioning; complete service narrative: Normandy (Omaha Beach salvage/rescue, TG 122.3 wreck-dispersal work), southern France (TF 87 'Camel' Force salvage and fire-fighting group), Okinawa/Kerama Retto (Dickerson APD-21, Evans DD-552, Longshaw DD-559 salvage operations), occupation/China service, Korean War (TF 90, Inchon, Wonsan), Operation Ivy 1952, Vietnam calls 1966-1970; transfer to Chile 1 July 1971; three WWII, five Korea, three Vietnam battle stars [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Arikara (AT-98) service narrative and spec block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: namesake 'a loose confederacy of subtribes of Native Americans related to the Pawnee, who inhabited villages in the Missouri River valley'; laid down 10 January 1943 at Charleston, S.C., by the Charleston Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co.; launched 22 June 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Taylor F. McCoy; commissioned 5 January 1944, Lt. John Aitken, USNR, in command. Shakedown Chesapeake Bay; post-shakedown repairs Norfolk Navy Yard; Casco Bay target-towing/ASW training 10 February-2 March; TF 67 barge tow to Falmouth arriving 20 April; 12th Fleet; Mulberry towing from Lea, on the Solent; redesignated ATF-98 15 May 1944. Normandy: sailed Weymouth 5 June for Omaha Beach; wreck-clearing then rescue/repair of landing craft under fire; nearly a month supporting consolidation; mine explosion flooded main engine room while towing French frigate La Surprise - repaired in 24 hours. Mediterranean: with Pinto (ATF-90) to Oran 21 July; TF 87 'Camel' Force salvage and fire-fighting group off St. Raphael from 15 August; Riviera port clearing and towing to Naples, Marseilles, Bizerte, Oran. Return to Norfolk 7 November; YFD-6 tow via Trinidad; Panama Canal transit early January 1945; sailed with Bannock (ATF-81) for Hawaii; Ulithi 17 March, ServRon 10; TG 50.8 to the Ryukyus. Okinawa: 11 weeks based at Kerama Retto - extinguished fires on kamikaze-hit Dickerson (APD-21) 2 April (scuttled 4 April); pumped and towed kamikaze-swarmed Evans (DD-552) 11 May; attempted salvage of Longshaw (DD-559) 17 May, parting towline under shore-battery fire after her forward magazine detonated; towed Evans to Saipan 19-25 June; then Leyte, Okinawa, Kyushu, Subic Bay, Tsingtao occupation support. Postwar eastern/central Pacific towing from February 1946; Yokosuka occupation duty January-June 1950. Korea: TF 90 - Japan-Korea escort, Pusan communications/landing-control, Inchon assault support with TU 90.04.3 (Pontoon Movement Unit) mid-September-mid-October, Wonsan harbor clearing; departed for U.S. 12 January 1951 (Long Beach March, Bremerton repairs from April); Pearl Harbor ops for rest of 1951. Second Korea deployment from 3 January 1952 (Wonsan, Cho Do, Pusan to August); Operation Ivy at Eniwetok November 1952. Post-1953 Pearl Harbor ops (Johnston, Canton, Aleutians/Alaska) alternating with 7th Fleet Far East deployments; Vietnam calls (Vung Tau, Danang) from fall 1966 into 1970; final WestPac return late February 1970; Hawaiian/Alaskan service 16 more months. Decommissioned and simultaneously transferred to Chile 1 July 1971 as a loan under the military assistance program; commissioned in Chilean Navy as Aldea (ATF-63); still active per entry as of 1 July 1986. Three battle stars WWII, five Korean conflict, three Vietnam.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1943-1986 (entry coverage)
- Population
- Charleston Shipbuilding & Dry Dock construction trades (1943-44); crew (1944-1971); Chilean crew (1971-1992)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific service history and spec block only; contains no asbestos or material-content statement. Entry coverage ends with 'as of 1 July 1986 still active' - Chilean disposition (1992 withdrawal/sinking) is not covered here; see ev-02 and ev-09. Live NHHC page verified via content fetch 2026-10-06; the site agent-blocks bare HEAD/GET requests (standing NHHC fetch behavior noted since BATCH-01). A HyperWar/ibiblio ship page (https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/ATF/ATF-98_Arikara.html - 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945' spec block, not a full DANFS transcription) verified HTTP 200 this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, USS Arikara (ATF-98) ex AT-98 - designation timeline, awards/ribbon table, full campaign tables (EAME, Asiatic-Pacific, occupation/China, Korea, Vietnam), specifications block, Chilean transfer as Sargento Aldea (ATF-63); photographic record (1954-1966 USN photos; Chilean-service photo) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 09/39/39098.htm header block, awards/campaign tables, specifications block, Chilean-service photo section
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline and specifications for this hull: laid down as Fleet Tug AT-98 at Charleston Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Charleston S.C.; launched 22 June 1943; commissioned USS Arikara (AT-98) 5 January 1944, LT. John Aitken, USN, in command; reclassified Fleet Ocean Tug ATF-98, 15 May 1944. Campaigns tabulated: Invasion of Normandy 6-25 June 1944 (TG 122.3 Salvage and Fire Fighting Group, Wreck Dispersal Vessel); Invasion of southern France 15 August-25 September 1944; Okinawa Gunto 1-21 April 1945; Navy Occupation Service Medal windows (2-15 Sep 1945; 25-27 Feb 1946; 24 Jan-26 Jun 1950) and China Service Medal extended (29 Dec 1945-22 Feb 1946); Korea (North Korean Aggression 2 Jul-12 Sep and 18 Sep-2 Nov 1950; Inchon Landing 13-17 Sep 1950; Communist China Aggression 3 Nov-30 Dec 1950; Second Korean Winter Feb-Apr 1952; Korean Defense Summer-Fall May-Aug 1952); Vietnam (Counteroffensive Phase II Aug-Dec 1966; Summer-Fall 1969; Winter-Spring 1970; Counteroffensive Phase VII Dec 1970). 'Decommissioned, 27 July 1971 and transferred under the Security Assistance Program to Chile, renamed Sargento Aldea (ATF-63).' Awards: Combat Action Ribbon (retroactive, Normandy) and Naval Unit Commendation 7-12 June 1944; ribbon table for China Service, American Campaign, EAME (2), Asiatic-Pacific (1), WWII Victory, Occupation, NDSM (2), Korean Service (5), Vietnam Service (4), UN Service, RVN Campaign, ROK War Service. Specifications: 1,205 t. (lt) / 1,646 t. (fl); 205' x 39' x 17' max; 16 kts.; complement 8 officers + 68 enlisted; armament 1x3"/50 DP, 2 twin 40mm AA, 2 single 20mm AA; propulsion - diesel-electric, four ALCO diesel main engines driving four General Electric generators and three Cooper-Besmear auxiliary service engines, single propeller, 3,600 shp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1943-1992
- Population
- Charleston Shipbuilding & Dry Dock construction trades (1943-44); crew (1944-1971); Chilean crew (1971-1992)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-maintained secondary compilation, not a primary registry - its milestones generally track DANFS but it is the best public tabulation of campaign windows and ribbons. Conflicts with DANFS: decommission 27 July vs 1 July 1971; CO listed 'USN' vs 'USNR'; complement itemized 76 vs 85; Vietnam 'four campaign stars' vs DANFS 'three battle stars' - logged in gaps. Contains no asbestos content. Specs list no steam plant - diesel-electric machinery confirmed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-02
-
[4]NARA Catalog - ~1,066 file-unit results for 'Arikara (ATF-98)' (~1,063 available online), dominated by monthly deck-log file units in the series 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' plus records of other vessels mentioning Arikara; the NARA Navy Deck Logs online index lists digitized Arikara (ATF-98) logs for 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965 [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov search '"Arikara (ATF-98)"' (1,066 results); deck-log index https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy-online (Arikara ATF-98 years 1961-1965)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds substantial hull-specific records: a catalog search for the exact ship phrase 'Arikara (ATF-98)' returns 1,066 file units (1,063 available online), dominated by monthly deck-log units, and the NARA deck-log index page lists digitized Arikara logs for 1961-1965. No 'USS ARIKARA - War History' file unit was located (a war-history search returns hits only for other vessels, e.g., USS Evans). Deck logs are the primary-source path for any future ship-level inquiry (daily positions, work performed, injuries/fires, availabilities).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1961-1965 (online log coverage); 1944-1971 (record span)
- Population
- Crew (periods covered by logs)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the existence of digitized deck logs does not establish any asbestos fact - log contents were not individually reviewed for this record (1,000+ file units). Deck-log-level asbestos detail is rare in any case; maintenance and material specifics would more likely live in RG 19 correspondence (see ev-04). The 1,066 count includes other ships' records mentioning Arikara, not only her own logs.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-03
-
[5]NARA research guide, 'Researching Asbestos aboard US Naval Vessel up through 1961' - identifies RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) general/confidential/secret correspondence 1940-1961 as the primary record series for ship-specific asbestos research, filed by Navy Filing Manual hull designation, class namesake hull, and private-yard contractor code [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov guided topic page; RG 19 entries A1 1266-A thru -N (1940-45 general correspondence), UD 1001-1015 (1947-61 unclassified), UD 1017 series (confidential)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA's asbestos research guide establishes where ship-specific asbestos documentation for this hull would live: RG 19 BuShips correspondence (1940-1961) filed by hull designation - for Arikara, AT98/ATF98; by class namesake hull - 'AT96 Class'/'ATF96 Class' (USS Abnaki, the DANFS-specified class namesake); and by builder under the private-contractor code - QM/Charleston Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. These series are physical/scan-on-demand holdings, not digitized - no ship-specific asbestos statement was located from them or any other source this session.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1940-1961 (record coverage)
- Limitations
- Research-path documentation only: the guide is generic to all 1941-1961 naval vessels and asserts nothing about this hull's materials. It establishes that a ship-specific search path exists in undigitized RG 19 records - the open archival lead for any future Arikara asbestos determination.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-04
-
[6]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical documentation that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and program under which this Abnaki-class fleet tug was built (1943 at Charleston Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co.) - and that the federal government had reserved asbestos supply for shipbuilding use, driving unprecedented utilization aboard wartime hulls including auxiliaries.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or class and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, individual exposure, or causation. DOI resolves to Wiley which agent-blocks automated fetch (HTTP 403) - standard publisher behavior; citation verified against journal record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-05
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure (fieldwork at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards), covering the use of asbestos in Navy ships, the cost of removing asbestos from Navy ships, and compensation programs. The Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for repairs - modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas - documenting that asbestos insulation was a standing condition aboard Navy ships through and beyond this hull's entire U.S. service era (1944-1971).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Product page verified live via content fetch 2026-10-06 (highlights and metadata retrieved; prior sessions logged HTTP 403 on the PDF body - standing gao.gov behavior).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-06
-
[8]Batch-2837 search ledger (this record): DANFS page; NavSource 09/39/39098; NARA catalog + deck-log index; NARA asbestos research guide; NVR; GAO HRD-80-2; CourtListener API v4 - 4 base queries + 2 overflow-authorized asbestos variants, all name collisions or zero; secondary web sweep; Wikipedia/GlobalSecurity/NavalCoverMuseum cross-checks [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-arikara-at98-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS Arikara (AT-98/ATF-98) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The only 'asbestos aboard' material naming the ship is law-firm marketing content (generic tugboat/asbestos-ships listicles asserting asbestos without primary sourcing) - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 2026-10-06
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull was built and served squarely inside the documented WWII-era Navy asbestos-use window, so era-consistent presence is plausible but ship-unproven. The decisive records (RG 19 BuShips correspondence under AT98/ATF98, 'AT96/ATF96 Class', and QM/Charleston Shipbuilding & Dry Dock) are undigitized archival leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-07
-
[9]Source cross-check: DANFS (decommissioned and transferred 1 July 1971; commissioned 'Lt. John Aitken, USNR'; 'Aldea (ATF-63)'; 'three battle stars' Vietnam) vs NavSource (decommissioned 27 July 1971; 'LT. John Aitken, USN'; 'Sargento Aldea (ATF-63)'; 'four campaign stars' Vietnam) vs GlobalSecurity/Armada de Chile BACH data (transferred 01 July 1971; name 'Sargento Aldea' - 'not Sargento Aledea, as widely reported'; withdrawn by resolution dated 14 August 1992) vs NavalCoverMuseum (transferred July 1 1971) vs Wikipedia infobox (decommissioned July 1 1971; stricken June 25 1992; Chilean decommissioned August 14 1992; sunk as target 1992) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS Arikara entry final paragraph; NavSource 09/39/39098.htm header and Chilean section; globalsecurity.org BACH Sargento Aldea page; navalcovermuseum.org ARIKARA ATF 98 page; Wikipedia USS Arikara infobox (cross-check only)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Milestone reconciliations carried in this record: (a) U.S. decommission/transfer date - 1 July 1971 carried (DANFS, NavalCoverMuseum, GlobalSecurity, Wikipedia concur) against NavSource's '27 July 1971' variant - unresolved, logged in gaps. (b) Chilean identity - 'Sargento Aldea (ATF-63)' corroborated by NavSource photographic record and GlobalSecurity's Armada de Chile data; the DANFS short form 'Aldea' and the circulating misspelling 'Sargento Aledea' are noted. (c) End-state - Chilean withdrawal 14 August 1992 (GlobalSecurity resolution date; Wikipedia concurs) and 1992 target sinking rest on secondary sourcing - no Chilean official registry page located. (d) The hull remained on the U.S. Naval Register through the Chilean loan until stricken 25 June 1992 (NavSource/Wikipedia cross-check).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1971-1992
- Limitations
- Corrects publication-level discrepancies, not material claims. NavSource, GlobalSecurity, and Wikipedia are secondary compilations; the Chilean-service milestones lack a primary Chilean source retrieved this session. No asbestos content in any of these sources.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-08
-
[10]GlobalSecurity.org 'Sargento Aldea' page carrying Armada de Chile 'BACH' (Buques de la Armada de Chile) data - Chilean-service specifications and disposition for ex-USS Arikara [reputable_press]
- Locator
- globalsecurity.org BACH Sargento Aldea page, narrative and ship-list table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Chilean-service record for this hull: ex-ATF-98 Arikara served as 'Sargento Aldea' (page notes 'not Sargento Aledea, as widely reported'); transferred to the Government of Chile 01 July 1971, performing ship's emergency and squadron support duties; withdrawn from service by resolution C.J.A. Res. No. 4520/B-692 dated August 14, 1992. Ship-list row: Sargento Aldea, ex-USS ATF 98 Arikara, built 1943, commissioned into Chilean service 1971, decommissioned 1992. Page also documents that the Library of Congress Country Study misidentified this vessel as a corvette and as 'Abnaki (ATF-96)' - Abnaki was in fact transferred to Mexico - a circulating identity error in U.S. reference material.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-06
- Study period
- 1971-1992
- Population
- Chilean crew (1971-1992)
- Limitations
- GlobalSecurity republishes official Armada de Chile ('BACH') ship data but is a secondary aggregator; the resolution number and date are plausible and internally consistent with the DANFS '1944-1992' coverage window, but the Chilean primary record was not retrieved. Supports Chilean-service milestones only - no asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-arikara-at98-09