Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet crew-dh-packet.md (5 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-atr-1-atr1-pkt-crew-dh-packet-md
-
[2]Bureau of Ships, NAVSHIPS 250-012, 'Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels,' Vol. III, 13 April 1945 (digitized scan hosted at shipscribe.com/pubs/SDB1945v3.pdf) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Vol. III pp. 414-417, 'Auxiliaries - Rescue Tugs (ATR)' characteristics, manufacturer, and construction tables
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NAVSHIPS 250-012, 'Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels,' April 1945, Vol. III (Bureau of Ships/GPO) names ATR1 individually: built by Wheeler S. B. Corp., Whitestone, Long Island, N.Y.; keel laid 14 Oct 42; launched 15 Aug 43; date of first commission 24 Nov 43. Class table (pp. 414-415): 165'5" oa / 155' wl x 33'4" beam, trial speed 12.2 kts, trial displacement 1,312 t (limiting 1,315 t, limiting draft 15'10" avg max), accommodations 5 officers + 47 enlisted, armament 1 x 3"/50 DP, largest boom 4 t, 1 propeller, vertical triple-expansion engine 1,600 shp, 2 boilers at 260 psi saturated, no reduction gears, 2 turbo-driven 60 kW 120 V DC generators, fuel 1,620 bbls, wood hulls (footnote 3). Hull-specific manufacturer table (p. 416): ATR-1 engine Fulton Iron Works vert. 3-exp.; boilers B. & W. 'D'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Limitations
- Official BuShips publication naming this hull with builder, milestone dates, and machinery manufacturers - the strongest source in this record. Contains no asbestos or insulation-material statement; supports identity/history only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-01
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[3]NARA Catalog naId 78301830, 'USS ATR-1 - War Diary, 1/1-31/44' (WWII War Diaries microfilm, micro serial 65218; 16 digital objects) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA WWII War Diaries A_0822 images 0995-1010 (daily entries Jan 1-31, 1944; CO signature page)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS ATR-1 war diary for January 1944 (digitized at NARA, 16 images): moored Mers el Kebir/Oran, Algeria under COM NOB ORAN (next echelon COMNAVNAW) Jan 1; convoy conference Jan 2, joined convoy UGS-27 to Algiers Jan 3-4; Bizerta Jan 5-7; anchored Gulf of Naples Jan 20 (CO reported to COM EIGHTH PHIB for temporary duty); underway Jan 21 in convoy NAM-2 under amphibious plan 147-43 for the Anzio assault area; from Jan 22 under Senior Salvage Officer off the Anzio beachhead - tow attempt on broached USS LST-428 (line parted), pontoon salvage, drifting-craft recovery amid daily air raids; evening Jan 29 went alongside a burning British cruiser off Anzio and fought the fire with four monitors and three 2.5-inch fog hoses until ordered clear; at 2218 three near misses from enemy bombing caused major machinery damage (cracked condenser/pump castings, carried-away piping and expansion joints, sprung decks and bulkheads, broken foremast, opened hull seams, damage to boiler brickwork) and engineroom flooding to 5'7" above sheathing; Jan 30-31 towed to Naples by HMS LST-409, moored berth 71. Signed H.L. MacGill, Lieut (jg) USN, Commanding Officer.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-01
- Population
- Ship's crew (5 officers + 47 enlisted per class accommodations); survivors briefly transferred aboard during beachhead ops (Jan 27 diary entry)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific operational record. The burning cruiser is unnamed in the diary; timing/location are consistent with HMS Spartan (hit by a glide bomb off Anzio 29 Jan 1944) - identification is contextual, not diary-stated. The 29 Jan damage list documents boiler brickwork and machinery-space damage followed by a repair period - a documented disturbance context, but the diary contains no asbestos or insulation-material statement and supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-02
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[4]NARA Catalog naId 77623279, 'COMTASK-GROUP 84.9 - Report of salvage operations in the invasion of Southern France, 8/15-25/44' (WWII War Diaries microfilm, micro serial 156299, dated 9/9-10/1944; 32 digital objects), Enclosure D - USS ATR-1 action report [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA WWII War Diaries A_2032 images 0690-0721; ATR-1 action report at images 0710-0711
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS ATR-1's own action report for the Anvil (southern France) operation is enclosed in the Commander Task Group 84.9 salvage report (digitized at NARA): report ATR1/C8 dated 26 Aug 1944, signed H.L. MacGill, Lt(jg) - 'This vessel engaged in Anvil Operation 4-44 as deep water Combat Salvage Unit for Yellow Beach, Alpha Section. Commanding Officer U.S.S. ATR-1 CTU 84.9.3, next highest echelon CTU 84.9.' Departed Naples 12 Aug 1944 in convoy SM 1-B; took station off Yellow Beach Aug 15; took disabled LCT-790 and USS SC-1029 alongside for transfer to HMS Empire Spitfire; fired two 3"/50 AA and 60 rounds 20mm at two enemy aircraft believed JU-88s; subsequent days on salvage station under general-quarters alerts off Red/Green Beaches, Alpha Section.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-08
- Population
- Ship's crew
- Limitations
- Ship-specific operational record corroborating Dragoon participation. Contains no asbestos or insulation-material statement; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-03
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[5]NARA Catalog naId 125383636, 'ATR-1, 9/24/43-10/20/45' (U.S. Navy Muster Rolls, WWII; filmed 1947; 154 digital objects) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Digital objects 32662_239097-00000 through -00153; forwarding sheet at image -00002
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- USS ATR-1 muster rolls digitized at NARA span 24 Sep 1943 - 20 Oct 1945 (154 pages). The forwarding sheet of the first quarterly roll (30 Sep 1943, forwarded 3 Mar 1944 from Oran, Algeria) records the covered period as '(Comm) 9-24-43 - 10-20-45' - i.e., the ship's own personnel records mark the commission span as opening 24 Sep 43, while the Bureau of Ships' Ships' Data publication gives 'date of first commission 24 Nov 43' and NavSource concurs with November 24. Both are primary/official-adjacent sources; the discrepancy is documented, not resolved. Roll certified by M.S. Rygg, Lieut (jg) USNR (executive officer), approved by H.L. MacGill, Lieut (jg) USN (commanding officer).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Enlisted crew named on rolls, 1943-1945
- Limitations
- Documents a primary-source discrepancy on the commissioning date: ship's own roll says (Comm) 9-24-43; BuShips Ships' Data and NavSource say 24 Nov 43; shipscribe construction table also gives 24 Sep 43. Plausible reconciliation (delivery/in-service vs formal commission, or muster opened on crew assembly) is not verified - logged in gaps. Muster rolls also provide name-level crew records for the period. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-04
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[6]NavSource Online, USS ATR-1 page (navsource.net/archives/09/40/40001.htm); shipscribe.com USS ATR-1 class page (usnaux/ATR/ATR01.html) construction/disposition tables - both secondary compilations of official records, used for cross-checks and post-strike detail only [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource ATR-1 milestones/specs/campaign table; shipscribe ATR-1 class construction + disposition tables and ship note (ATR-1 sold to Argonaut Marine Co.)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Secondary compilations (cross-checked against NAVSHIPS 250-012 where data overlaps): NavSource USS ATR-1 page gives keel 14 Oct 42 at Wheeler Shipbuilding Co. ('Brooklyn' - variance; official Ships' Data says Whitestone, Long Island), launch 15 Aug 43, commissioned 24 Nov 43; campaign table credits Anzio-Nettuno advanced landings 22-30 Jan 1944 and Invasion of southern France 15 Aug - 25 Sep 1944 (two battle stars; American Campaign Medal, EAME Medal x2, WWII Victory Medal); decommissioned date unknown, struck 1946, fate unknown. Shipscribe class/disposition tables add: ordered 3 Jun 42; decommissioned 22 Oct 45; struck 1 Nov 45; Maritime Commission sale awarded 15 Apr 47; disposed 3 Jun 47 to Argonaut Marine Co., Fond du Lac, Wis. MARAD's ShipHistory database holds no record for the hull.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Limitations
- Secondary compilations - milestones corroborated against NAVSHIPS 250-012 where overlapping (keel, launch, commission, machinery); decommission/strike/disposal dates rest on shipscribe's reconstruction of Navy/Maritime Commission records and are not independently verified against the original documents; NavSource's 'struck 1946' conflicts with shipscribe's 1 Nov 45 (logged). Campaign/battle-star table mirrors official CNO campaign-participation records but is carried at partial confidence. No asbestos content in either source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-05
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[7]Batch-2922 search ledger (this record): NHHC/DANFS; NARA catalog; MARAD ShipHistory; CourtListener API v4 (authenticated); NavSource/shipscribe compilations; NAVSHIPS 250-012 [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-atr-1-atr1-01 through sl-uss-atr-1-atr1-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming ATR-1 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener searches ('USS ATR-1', 'ATR-1' tug, 'ATR-1' asbestos) returned zero vessel hits - all 9 opinion and 11 docket results were name collisions (e.g., the Leatt ATR-1 neck brace in products litigation, KVM-switch patent cases, FCC American Television Relay citations). 'Wheeler Shipbuilding' opinions (12) were all non-asbestos labor, contract, and bankruptcy matters. MARAD ShipHistory holds no record; no DANFS entry exists for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the ship carried a live 260-psi steam plant with era-standard insulation practices, and her documented 1944 machinery-space damage and Naples repair period are consistent with insulation disturbance, though no source says so. Absence of litigation is unsurprising for a small unnamed auxiliary struck in 1945. Does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-06
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[8]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program (CNO-directed Maximum War Effort / 1799-Vessel Program, Jan 1942) under which this hull was mass-produced - and that federal wartime policy reserved asbestos supply for shipbuilding use.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the ATR-1 class and does not establish that asbestos was aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-07
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[9]Bureau of Ships, NAVSHIPS 250-012 (1945), ATR class machinery/accommodations tables (primary spec); asbestos-content characterization is era inference per Corn & Starr (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAVSHIPS 250-012 pp. 414-416
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The ATR-1 class's documented plant is a live steam installation - two B&W 'D'-type boilers at 260 psi saturated feeding a Fulton Iron Works vertical triple-expansion engine (1,600 shp), with steam piping, an evaporator/feed system, and two 60 kW turbo-driven ship's-service generators concentrated in a 165-foot wooden hull. Steam plants of this description in WWII-era U.S. naval construction era-typically carried asbestos-containing boiler lagging, steam-line insulation, gaskets, and machinery packing. The wooden hull (Ships' Data footnote: 'Wood hulls') reduces hull-structural insulation scope relative to steel combatants but does not bear on the machinery-space steam plant.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Engine-room crew (class context); Wheeler Shipbuilding construction trades 1942-43 (class context)
- Limitations
- Machinery configuration is ship-specific and verified; the asbestos characterization is class/era inference - no document names asbestos aboard this hull. The 29 Jan 1944 near-miss damage (boiler brickwork, condenser/pump castings, sprung decks) and the ensuing Naples repair period are documented machinery-space disturbance events, but no source states that disturbed material contained asbestos. Does not establish presence, quantity, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-08
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[10]NARA Catalog records: naId 301095999 (RG 19 contract plan); RG-19-LCM photos per NavSource/shipscribe captions; naIds 78356776, 78405671, 78445234, 78501951, 633391095, 78643970, 139792528, 139839253 (war diaries); naId 125379584 (sister-ship deck log exemplar) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA catalog item records; war-diary items under WWII War Diaries microfilm publications
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (record-group level; partially digitized, no retrieval beyond free NARA catalog downloads): (a) NARA RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) - 'Outboard Profile & Deck Plan, Contract Plan, U.S. Rescue Tugs ATR 1 thru 40 Inc.,' naId 301095999, dated 1942-09-09 - the class contract design drawing; (b) NARA RG-19-LCM photographs - builder's-trial photos of ATR-1, September 1943, from the Wheeler Shipbuilding completion album; (c) NARA WWII war diaries - additional ATR-1 monthly diaries located for Mar (naId 78356776), Apr (78405671), May (78445234, 3 objs), Jun (78501951), Sep (633391095), Oct (78643970), Dec 1944 (139792528) and Jan 1945 (139839253); (d) WWII deck logs for sister ATR hulls are digitized in the same NARA partnership series (e.g., ATR-2, naId 125379584) - an ATR-1 deck log likely exists in RG 24; (e) the Feb-May 1944 Naples repair-period diaries are the most likely documentation of machinery-space rebuild/disturbance after the Anzio damage.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1942-1947 records
- Limitations
- Record-group and item-level mapping only - the Feb-May 1944 repair diaries and any RG 19 outfitting/insulation specs were not retrieved; existence of asbestos-specific documentation for this hull is unknown until those records are surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-1-atr1-09