Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet dt-packet.md (1 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (identity). — real identity: NONE — never named; served as USS ATR-85.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-atr-85-atr85-pkt-dt-packet-md
-
[2]Shipscribe, USS ATR-1 class data page (compiled from BuShips/Naval Vessel Register and Maritime Commission records, S. S. Roberts): construction table - ordered 15 Jan 1943, Island Dock, keel 18 Dec 1943, launched 21 Jul 1944, commissioned 5 Feb 1945; fate table - decommissioned 17 Jun 1946, struck 5 Mar 1947, disposed 26 May 1947 (MC/D), Maritime Administration sale 26 May 1947; ship note - sold (delivered) by MC at Lake Charles, La., to Julius Cutrone and Lawrence Cutrone, Morgan City, La. Corroborated by NavSource Online ATR-85 page (09/40/40085) and navalmarinearchive Island Dock yard table. [other_primary]
- Locator
- Shipscribe ATR-1 class page, construction table row 85, fate table row 85, ship note 85; https://www.navsource.net/archives/09/40/40085.htm; https://navalmarinearchive.com/sbh/shipyards/small/island.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- ATR-85: ordered 15 Jan 1943 at Island Dock Inc., Kingston, N.Y.; laid down 18 Dec 1943; launched 21 Jul 1944; commissioned 5 Feb 1945; decommissioned 17 Jun 1946; stricken 5 Mar 1947; transferred to Maritime Commission disposal and sold/delivered at Lake Charles, La., 26 May 1947 to Julius and Lawrence Cutrone of Morgan City, La. NavSource gives identical build/commission dates and specs (852 t light / 1,315 t full, 165'6" x 33'4", 12.2 kts trial, 1-3"/50 + 2-20mm, complement 5 officers + 47 enlisted, Fulton triple-expansion engine + two B&W 'D'-type boilers) but lists decommission/strike dates as unknown and disposition as 'disposed of in 1946, fate unknown'; NavSource also gives call sign NTXU and ribbon display of American Campaign Medal and World War II Victory Medal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- U.S. Navy crew (5 officers, 47 enlisted per class spec)
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation of official records, not the records themselves - Shipscribe/NavSource transcribe BuShips, NVR, and MC data but are not the primary documents. Commissioned-to-disposal timeline internally consistent; subsequent merchant fate undocumented. No asbestos information of any kind in these sources.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-01
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[3]Shipscribe ATR-1 class notes (compiled from BuShips correspondence and records): wooden-hull design decision, triple-expansion steam machinery, John G. Alden design attribution; NavSource ATR-1 class machinery specification (one Fulton Iron Works vertical triple-expansion engine, two Babcock & Wilcox 'D'-type boilers, 200 psi sat., single screw 1,600 shp) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Shipscribe ATR-1 class notes paragraph (wooden hull / Alden design / triple expansion machinery); NavSource ATR-85 specifications block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The ATR-1 class was deliberately built of wood with 'relatively simple triple expansion steam machinery' so that hulls could be built by small shipbuilders and engines by small machine shops outside the main Navy program. The class plant - two B&W 'D'-type boilers feeding a vertical triple-expansion engine - is a steam plant, so era-standard asbestos applications for the type would concentrate in machinery spaces: boiler casing insulation, steam-line lagging, valve and flange gaskets, machinery packing. Wooden hull construction removes the bulkhead/deck fireproofing pathway typical of steel auxiliaries.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Construction trades (Island Dock, Kingston, 1943-45); engine-room crew
- Limitations
- Class-design documentation and era inference only - no insulation schedule, material list, or hull-specific survey located for this class or hull. Names era-typical applications for a WWII steam plant, not confirmed installed materials aboard this vessel; no quantity; does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-02
-
[4]Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory (HURL), School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai'i at Manoa - Maritime Heritage Gallery, artifact file SBB-29 (USS PC-1239), 'Additional Information' field citing harbor movement records [other_primary]
- Locator
- HURL Maritime Heritage Gallery, SBB-29 USS PC-1239 artifact page, 'Additional Information' row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Harbor movement records cited by HURL show ATR-85 operating out of Pearl Harbor on 30 January 1946: PC-1239 departed Pearl Harbor at 0907 under tow of ATR-85, and ATR-85 reentered the harbor at 1407 the same day - placing the tug on towing duty in Hawaii nine months after commissioning.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1946-01-30
- Limitations
- Single-documented movement from an academic archive quoting harbor records; does not establish where ATR-85 served between commissioning (Feb 1945) and Jan 1946, nor full Pearl Harbor assignment period. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-03
-
[5]DANFS, USS Kalamazoo (AOG-30) entry, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, Naval History Division (verbatim HyperWar transcription; live NHHC page not reachable) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS AOG-30 entry, final paragraph (HyperWar mirror of official DANFS text)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS names ATR-85 in operational service: after Kalamazoo's main engine failed 1 April 1946 en route to the Gulf Coast and Kennebago (AO-81) assisted her to Balboa, the gasoline tanker 'departed Cristobal, C.A., 26 April for Mobile, Ala.' under tow of rescue tug ATR-85, arriving 3 May 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1946-04 to 1946-05
- Population
- Tug crew during Gulf tow
- Limitations
- Documents a single tow operation from another vessel's DANFS entry - ATR-85 itself has no DANFS entry. Confirms Canal Zone/Gulf operation in Apr-May 1946 only. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-04
-
[6]NHHC DANFS index check for ATR-85: history.navy.mil DANFS hull page returns 404; NavSource ATR-85 page states 'There is no DANFS history available for USS ATR-85'; HyperWar DANFS ship index lists no ATR-85 entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/a/atr-85.html (HTTP 404); NavSource ATR-85 page DANFS notice; HyperWar ships index
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No DANFS entry exists for ATR-85 - the hull has no official narrative history in the Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, consistent with its 16-month commissioned career and unremarkable disposal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Absence of a DANFS entry means the standard official-history channel carries no service narrative and no materials/asbestos statements for this hull; ship-specific history rests on compiled records, a sister-ship DANFS mention, and harbor records.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-05
-
[7]National Archives and Records Administration, Special List #44, 'Logbooks of the U.S. Navy at the National Archives' (by ship number): ATR-85 entry, logs covering 2/5/1945-6/30/1945 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA Special List #44 ship-number listing, ATR-85 row (p. of ATR block); RG 24 deck logs
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds deck logs for ATR-85 covering 5 February 1945 (commissioning) through 30 June 1945 in the Special List #44 accession - the only log range listed for the hull. Logs after the WWII-era collection cutoff (post-30 Jun 1945 through decommissioning 17 Jun 1946) were not located in this listing. BuShips plans/specification files (RG 19) for the ATR-1 class and Maritime Commission disposal records for the 1947 Lake Charles sale are further unretrieved leads.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1945-02-05 to 1945-06-30 (listed range)
- Limitations
- Index-level confirmation only - no box-level retrieval performed (no spend authorized). Deck logs record movements and events, not materials inventories; whether any document in these series addresses insulation or asbestos aboard this hull is unknown until surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-06
-
[8]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as insulating and fireproofing material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and emergency construction program under which this hull was built (ordered 1943, commissioned 1945) - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard merchant-type and auxiliary hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the ATR-1 class and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-07
-
[9]CourtListener API v4 authenticated sweep (via cl-auth-search.py): opinion search "ATR-85" returned 0 results; docket search "ATR-85" returned 1 result - Mexinox USA Inc v. J&L Specialty Steels, 1:02-cv-00047 (S.D. Tex., filed 2002-03-13), an 830 Patent declaratory-judgment action; 'ATR-85' there is a patent/exhibit token, not the vessel - classified name collision [court_record]
- Locator
- cl-auth-search.py type=o q="ATR-85" (count=0); type=r q="ATR-85" (count=1, docket 4396825)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos litigation naming USS ATR-85 / ATR-85 located in CourtListener opinion or RECAP docket indexes. Sole docket hit is a patent-infringement declaratory judgment between two steel companies - name collision on the alphanumeric token, not the ship.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- CourtListener indexes are not exhaustive of all federal/state dockets; absence from CL does not prove no case was ever filed. The hull was never named (numbered auxiliaries are rarely named in pleadings as ship names) - mariner exposure claims, if any, would more likely appear under employer or product defendants. 'USS ATR-85' quoted opinion variant was queued but blocked by fleet pacing and is redundant with the completed hull-number queries.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-08
-
[10]Batch-3015 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS index; NavSource ATR-85 page; Shipscribe ATR-1 class page; NARA Special List #44; UH HURL artifact file; DANFS Kalamazoo AOG-30 entry; CourtListener name/hull searches; Naval Vessel Register hull page check [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-atr-85-01 through sl-uss-atr-85-09
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no insulation survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming ATR-85 was found in the public sources searched. The hull disposed of in 1947 predates the modern asbestos-survey, abatement, and litigation records regimes - the documentary surface for this vessel is thin by design (16-month career, numbered hull, no DANFS entry).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945-commissioned steam auxiliary is era-consistent with asbestos-containing machinery insulation, gaskets, and packing. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-atr-85-09