Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 'Barnett (AP-11)' entry (hazegray.org transcription mirror; canonical NHHC page returned 404 on 2026-09-25) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- hazegray DANFS transcription, full entry; corroborated by https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-b/ap11.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS: Barnett (AP-11) was launched in 1928 as the passenger steamer Santa Maria by Furness Shipbuilding Co., Ltd., Haverton-on-Tees, England; purchased by the Navy 11 August 1940; commissioned 25 September 1940, Capt. L.S. Pamperin in command. Service: Marine training in Culebra-Vieques area to end of 1940; Norfolk overhaul completed 3 April 1941; amphibious exercises to December 1941; WWII operations across Atlantic and Pacific including Guadalcanal-Tulagi landings (7-9 Aug 1942), capture/defense of Guadalcanal (to 28 Nov 1942), Sicilian occupation (10-15 Jul 1943), Salerno (21 Sep 1943), Normandy (6-19 Jun 1944), Southern France (16 Aug-25 Sep 1944), Okinawa (1-9 Apr 1945); reclassified APA-5 on 1 February 1943. On 11 July 1943 a bomb near-miss off Sicily holed the port bow, killed 7 and injured 35 embarked Army personnel; proceeded under own power to Algiers for repairs.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1928-1946
- Population
- Ship's company (~478 per NavSource figures) and embarked troops
- Limitations
- Transcription mirror contains OCR/typographical defects ('Santa Claria' for Santa Maria, 'Eurness' for Furness, 'I. Pamperin' for L.S. Pamperin) and its closing dates (decommissioned '21 May 1948', transferred '3 July 1948') conflict with NHHC Online Library, NavSource, and MARAD status-card records establishing 1946 dates - see correction row ev-04. Canonical history.navy.mil DANFS page 404'd 2026-09-25 (standing NHHC link rot); content corroborated against the Naval Historical Center Online Library page. Contains no asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-01
-
[2]NavSource Online, Amphibious Photo Archive: USS Barnett (APA-5) ex AP-11 - ship data sheet, campaign table, commanding-officer list, and captioned Bureau of Ships/NARA photographs [other_primary]
- Locator
- Page sections: ship history, specifications, commanding officers, photo captions (19-N-23943/44/45, 19-N-26506, 19-N-84663, RG-19-LCM)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource: built 1928 at Furness Ship Building Co., Haverton Hill-on-Tees, England as passenger steamer SS Santa Maria for Grace Steamship Co.; purchased by U.S. Navy August 1940; converted at Todd-Shipyards Corp., Hoboken, N.J.; commissioned AP-11 on 25 September 1940 at New York Navy Yard; reclassified APA-5 on 1 February 1943; decommissioned 30 April 1946 at Newport, R.I.; struck from the Navy Register 21 May 1946; seven battle stars; transferred to War Shipping Administration 3 July 1946 for disposal at NDRF James River Group, Lee Hall, Va.; sold 25 February 1948 to M.S. Surrimento S.P.A. (Achille Lauro Ltd.), PD-X-420, for $613,000; withdrawn 13 April 1948, reflagged Italian; scrapped La Spezia, Italy, September 1966. Specs: two Busch-Sulzer diesel engines, two propellers, 8,000 shp, ~15 knots; displacement 9,750 lt / 16,100 fl; complement 41 officers + 437 enlisted; troop accommodations 99 officers + 1,392 enlisted. Photo captions document Norfolk Navy Yard periods (30 March 1941, 18 December 1941, 3 April 1943, 14 December 1944), a floating-drydock docking at Wellington, N.Z., and post-conversion departure from San Diego 19 February 1943.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1928-1966
- Population
- Ship's company and embarked troops; Todd-Hoboken conversion and Norfolk yard workers
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained archive; compiled specifications are secondary, though photo captions reproduce NARA/Bureau of Ships originals. NavSource names the post-1948 ship 'Achille Lauro I' while MARAD's vessel name history records 'Surriento' - variance noted in aliases. No asbestos or materials information present. Crew/troop figures differ from other secondary sources (see gaps).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-02
-
[3]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database - BARNETT (AP-11/APA-5), Detail 407, incl. scanned Reserve Fleet Division vessel-data card and WSA/USMC vessel status card [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- ShipHistory Detail 407 - data fields, Milestones table (Disposition 2/25/1948; Withdrawal 4/13/1948), Status Cards 407_AF, 407_759AF, 407_759AB
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD record: U.S. Official No. 227495; built 1928 by Furness Shipbuilding Company, England; type Passenger-Cargo; 7,712 gross / 3,380 net / 6,380-6,800 DWT; dimensions 465' x 63'9" x 28'6"; displacement 13,100. Status cards: Navy declared surplus 28 March 1946; Navy Dept.-to-WSA custody basis at Davisville, R.I., 29 June 1946 4:40 PM EDT; delivered to Reserve Fleet at Lee Hall, Va., 3 July 1946 1 PM EDT; offered for operation under PDX-277 with no bids received; sold 25 February 1948 to Achille Lauro under PDX-420 for $613,000; withdrawn and delivered to purchaser at Lee Hall 13 April 1948 3:35 PM. Vessel name history: Santa Maria 1928-1940; Barnett (APA-5) 1940-1948; Surriento 1948-1966. Card also notes vessel equipment stripping '100% - per wire 8/4/47' while in reserve.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1946-1948 custody chain; built 1928
- Population
- NDRF Lee Hall/James River fleet caretaker and stripping crews (1946-1948)
- Limitations
- Authoritative for government custody milestones, dimensions, and tonnages. Status-card handwriting partially legible (read via image OCR); card fields track custody and condition-for-layup, not materials - contains no asbestos, insulation, or condition-survey information. Supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-03
-
[4]Naval Historical Center (NHHC) Online Library of Selected Images: 'USS Barnett (AP-11, later APA-5), 1940-1946' - ship history page (ibiblio/HyperWar mirror of NHC content) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHC Online Library ap11.htm paragraphs 3-4; NavSource disposition block; MARAD status card 407_759AF/PNG scan
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC Online Library states Barnett 'was decommissioned at Newport, Rhode Island' in May 1946 and 'transferred to the Maritime Commission in July 1946' - corroborated by NavSource (decommissioned 30 April 1946; struck 21 May 1946; transferred to WSA 3 July 1946) and by MARAD status-card entries (declared surplus 28 March 1946; custody basis to WSA 29 June 1946; delivered Lee Hall 3 July 1946). The hazegray DANFS transcription's 'decommissioned 21 May 1948 ... transferred ... 3 July 1948' conflates the strike date with decommissioning and carries the wrong year; the 1946 dates are adopted in this record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1946
- Limitations
- Corrects transcription-error dates only; the underlying DANFS print entry may itself contain the error (a tertiary encyclopedia notes the 1948 reading is 'probably a transcription error'). No asbestos content in any of these sources.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-04
-
[5]Corn, J.K., and Starr, J., 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AJIM 11(3):359-373, abstract and article
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documents that asbestos was used extensively for insulation and fireproofing in U.S. WWII shipbuilding and ship repair - the program and era under which this vessel was converted to Navy service at Todd Shipyards, Hoboken (1940) and underwent wartime overhauls at Norfolk Navy Yard (1941, photographed April 1943 and December 1944) and a West Coast yard (late 1942-January 1943).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1940-1945 era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII-era U.S. shipyard conversion/overhaul workers; crews of converted ships (class context)
- Limitations
- Era/program-level documentation; does not name this vessel and does not establish that asbestos was installed, disturbed, or remains aboard this hull. No conversion work package, yard order, or materials list for Barnett was located. Establishes period practice only - not quantity, location, condition, individual exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-05
-
[6]Harries, P.G., 'Asbestos hazards in naval dockyards,' Annals of Occupational Hygiene 11(2):135-145 (1968); PMID 5654326 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Ann Occup Hyg 11(2):135-145
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed UK occupational-hygiene survey describes the types of asbestos materials and their uses in shipbuilding and ship repairing in British naval dockyards - era context for this vessel's 1928 construction at Furness Shipbuilding, Haverton Hill-on-Tees, England, where UK shipyard insulation practice of the period commonly incorporated asbestos aboard new tonnage.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- UK dockyard practice documented through 1968; build era 1928
- Population
- British shipyard construction trades, 1928 build era (class context)
- Limitations
- Documents Royal Navy dockyard practice (Devonport, Chatham, Portsmouth, Rosyth), not commercial yards and not Furness specifically; this vessel was a commercial liner built for Grace Line. Does not name this vessel or establish that asbestos was installed aboard her; establishes British-era shipbuilding exposure practice only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-06
-
[7]NavSource ship-data sheet for APA-5; McCawley-class design data (Sulzer 'DR'-type diesel drive, no boilers; 2 propellers, 8,000 shp) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource APA-5 specifications block (Propulsion, Fuel Capacity, Ship's Service Generators)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- This hull is documented as a direct-diesel vessel: two Busch-Sulzer diesel engines, two propellers, ~8,000 shp, diesel-driven ship's service generators, diesel fuel capacity 9,570 bbls - no boilers and no main steam plant. The ship and her sister were the first large diesel-powered passenger ships under the American flag.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1928-1966
- Population
- Engine-room crew; machinery maintenance personnel
- Limitations
- Relevant only to scope of plausible asbestos applications: eliminates the boiler/steam-line lagging pathway typical of steamships; does not eliminate exhaust lagging, gaskets, packing, accommodation insulation, or other era-standard applications. No materials inventory exists for this hull - presence of any asbestos product aboard remains unverified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-07
-
[8]Batch-2040 search ledger (this record): NHHC Online Library and DANFS transcription; NavSource APA-5 page incl. captioned NARA/BuShips photographs; MARAD ShipHistory Detail 407 and status-card scans; CourtListener API v4 opinion and docket sweeps; general web research for asbestos survey/abatement naming the hull [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-barnett-ap11-01 through -07
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Barnett (AP-11/APA-5), SS Santa Maria (U.S. Off. 227495), or SS Surriento was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull was scrapped at La Spezia in 1966, foreclosing any present-day survey possibility.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the 1928 build era and 1940-45 U.S. yard periods are consistent with era-standard insulation practices. Does not establish that asbestos was or was not present; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-08
-
[9]Carlson v. United States, No. 14-cv-09244 (N.D. Ill.), memorandum opinion and order (Chief Judge Castillo); CourtListener opinion id 7231826 [court_record]
- Locator
- CourtListener opinion 7231826 (N.D. Ill., filed 2015-06-10); docket 1:14-cv-09244
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- The only CourtListener opinion naming 'USS Barnett' is a Freedom of Information Act / federal-records action by a naval historian seeking WWII-era naval grand-jury records (the 1942 Chicago Tribune Midway investigation, in which the vessel figured in the underlying wartime record). It is not an asbestos or personal-injury case and makes no finding about shipboard conditions.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2015 opinion; underlying records 1942
- Limitations
- Classified as other litigation / name-adjacent: it references the vessel's wartime context, not exposure aboard her. Carried for auditability of the litigation sweep only; supports no asbestos claim and no exposure finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-09
-
[10]National Archives: 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations, 1941-1978' (National Archives Catalog series 594258); Bureau of Ships records incl. RG-19-LCM photographic series and conversion-plan materials referenced in NavSource photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA series 594258; NavSource photo caption references to NARA RG-19-LCM / photo 19-N series
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival lead: Barnett's 1940-46 deck logs exist within NARA's deck-log series (WWII-era portion partially digitized); Bureau of Ships records include the Santa Maria-to-Barnett conversion plan imagery (RG-19-LCM, e.g., photos 19-N-23943/44/45, 19-N-26506, 19-N-84663) and would include 1940 conversion work packages and wartime repair records (Algiers bomb damage, July 1943). These are the most plausible repositories for any surviving materials/insulation documentation on this hull.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1940-1946 records; located 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Records identified but not retrieved or reviewed - no spend authorized in this batch. Presence of insulation materials detail within them is unverified; deck logs rarely record materials. Retrieval is the next step for any upgrade of this record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-ap11-10