Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]research packet 1015-packet.md (1 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-barnett-sp1149-pkt-1015-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Barnett I (Tug) (entry by Robert J. Cressman, 7 March 2006) - spec block, acquisition, commissioning, service narrative, disposal; verified live on history.navy.mil 2026-10-04 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Barnett I (Tug) entry, ship paragraph following the George Barnett biography; spec block at top of entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: a steel-hulled, single-screw tug built in 1911 by John H. Dialogue of Camden, N.J., 'acquired by the Navy for use as a "section minesweeper" from the Steel Towage and Wrecking Co., of Galveston, Tex., who delivered her on 19 December 1917. Two days later, the tug, designated SP 1149, was commissioned for duty in the 8th Naval District.' For the duration of hostilities she operated out of New Orleans 'sweeping the passes leading from the Gulf of Mexico to the main channel of the Mississippi River and carrying out district tug and tow services.' On 17 July 1920 she was classified a harbor tug and designated YT-29. On 29 December 1921 she was assigned to Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, 'where she performed general duty for the next 14 years.' Decommissioned 3 July 1936; towed to the Norfolk Navy Yard by Allegheny (AT-191), arriving 11 July; name struck from the Navy list 19 May 1936 (the striking date precedes the decommissioning date in the source text - see gaps); sold to the Lee Transit Co. of New York on 24 September 1936 and delivered to that firm 3 October 1936. Spec block: (Tug: t. 194; l. 126'; b. 21'7"; dr. 9'3" (mean); s. 12 k.; cpl. 19; a. 2 3-pdrs., 1 mg.).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1911-1936
- Population
- Civilian builder yard trades (Camden, 1911); Navy crew (1917-1936); Norfolk Navy Yard handling (July 1936)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; contains no asbestos or material content. DANFS gives the namesake note: 'The first Barnett (SP-1149) retained part of her civilian name, while the second Barnett (AP-11) was named for Major General George Barnett' - the two Barnetts are different hulls with different namesakes. DANFS writes 'Steel Towage and Wrecking Co.'; NHHC photography and secondary sources write 'Steele Towing & Wrecking Co.' - a spelling variant (see gaps).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Section Patrol Craft Photo Archive, Barnett (SP 1149) / YT-29 (navsource.net/archives/12/171149.htm) - timeline, specifications, call signs, post-Navy chain; verified live 2026-10-04 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/171149 header block, Tug/Minesweeper timeline, specifications block, DANFS transcription at page foot
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: built in 1911 as The Barnett by John H. Dialogue and Son, Camden, NJ, for the Jacksonville Towing and Wrecking Co. of Jacksonville, FL; sold to the Steele Towing and Wrecking Co. of Galveston, TX; acquired by the Navy 19 December 1917; commissioned USS The Barnett (SP 1149) 21 December 1917 at Galveston, TX; renamed Barnett; reclassified Harbor Tug YT-29 17 July 1920; decommissioned 3 July 1936; struck from the Navy list 19 May 1936; sold 24 September 1936 to Simmons-Lee Lighterage and Transit Co. of New York and renamed Richard Simmons; sold 1941 to Card Towing Company of Norfolk, Virginia and renamed Raymond Card; acquired 1947 by McAllister Brothers Towing Company of New York; scrapped 1956. Call signs: 1919 George-Quack-Pup-Fox; 1924 Nan-Unit-Fox-Nan. Specifications: displacement 194 t.; length 126'; beam 21'7"; draft 9'3"; speed 12 kts.; complement 19; armament two 3-pounders and one machine gun; propulsion: one single-ended boiler, one 500-hp compound steam engine, one shaft.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1911-1956
- Population
- Same populations as ev-01; post-Navy civilian crews 1936-1956
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation tracking DANFS/NVR milestone data; its timeline here reproduces the DANFS text (including the stricken-before-decommissioned sequence). Contains no asbestos content. The propulsion line (single-ended boiler, 500-hp compound steam engine, one shaft) is the documented basis for the era inference in ev-07 - steam plant aboard, so boiler/steam-line lagging and gasket/packing pathways apply in principle, but no material record for this hull was located.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-02
-
[4]Shipscribe (Tim Colton), U.S. Navy SP/ID register compilation, 'Harbor and Service' listing - SP 1149 BARNETT register line; verified live 2026-10-04 [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipscribe.com/navyrefs/spid/serv.html, SP 1149 table row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official-register-derived line for this hull: 'SP 1149 | BARNETT | TUG | YT | 194 | 1911 | 19.12.1917 | 24.9.1936 | Sold | Ex merc. BARNETT. To YT-29 ca. 17 Jul 20.' - corroborates acquisition 19 December 1917, disposition (sold) 24 September 1936, and the YT-29 reclassification circa 17 July 1920.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1917-1936
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation of official register data (ships' data/register line) - corroborates the DANFS milestone dates but adds no asbestos, material, or work content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-03
-
[5]Naval Historical Center, Online Library of Selected Images, Civilian Ships: The Barnett (American Steam Tug, 1911), Photo NH 100104 (page dated 2004; verbatim Naval Historical Center page mirrored at ibiblio.org HyperWar) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHC Online Library civilian-ships page 'The Barnett', photo NH 100104 caption (ibiblio mirror; canonical history.navy.mil Online Library path from the 2004 page structure)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Naval Historical Center photograph NH 100104 shows this tug photographed prior to World War I, 'probably while she was owned by the Steele Towing & Wrecking Company of Galveston, Texas.' The NHC caption confirms identity: a 194-gross-ton steam tug built 1911 at Camden, New Jersey, placed in commission at Galveston in December 1917 as USS Barnett (SP-1149), based at New Orleans as minesweeper and tug on the lower Mississippi, redesignated YT-29 July 1920, assigned to Guantanamo Bay near the end of December 1921, 'decommissioned and stricken from the Navy list in mid-1936 and sold in September of that year.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1911-1936
- Population
- Crew aboard during Steele Towing & Wrecking / Navy transition (1917)
- Limitations
- Official Navy historical-center photography and caption - corroborates identity and broad milestones ('mid-1936' disposal consistent with the DANFS dates). Contains no asbestos or material content. NHC writes 'Steele Towing & Wrecking Company' where DANFS writes 'Steel Towage and Wrecking Co.' - same firm, spelling variant.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-04
-
[6]Tugboat Information (volunteer merchant-registry compilation), BARNETT page id=5137 - USCG documentation and merchant-registry data; verified live 2026-10-04 [other_primary]
- Locator
- tugboatinformation.com tug.cfm?id=5137 - narrative block and registry data table
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Merchant-registry data for this hull: USCG Document No. 208398; steel hull; yard hull number 438 (John H. Dialogue & Son); registered length 111.0 ft, breadth 21.7 ft, depth 11.5 ft, gross tonnage 194 / net 132; service 'towing vessel', coastwise unrestricted; built 1911 for Jacksonville Towing and Wrecking Co.; acquired 1916 by Steele Towing and Wrecking Co. of Galveston; sold 24 September 1936 to Simmons-Lee Lighterage and Transit Co. of New York and renamed Richard Simmons; 1941 Card Towing Co. of Norfolk (renamed Raymond Card); 1947 McAllister Brothers Towing Co. of New York; out of documentation 1953; scrapped 1956. Previous-name chain on the registry entry: Barnett, SP-1149 (USS Barnett), YT-29, Richard Simmons, Raymond Card.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1911-1956
- Population
- Civilian merchant crews 1936-1953 (documented service); 1956 scrapping yard
- Limitations
- Volunteer secondary compilation transcribing Coast Guard merchant-documentation data and NavSource narrative - registry-level facts (Doc. No. 208398, hull 438, registered dimensions, 1916 Steele acquisition, 1953 out-of-documentation, 1956 scrapping) rest on this secondary source, not directly inspected registry entries. This page carries the variant claim 'decommissioned and struck May 19, 1936' - conflicting with DANFS's 3 July 1936 decommissioning (see gaps). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-05
-
[7]NARA Catalog, NAID 6848068 - '[1941-1945] USS Barnett (SP-1149)', RG 24 Navy Unit and Presidential Unit Commendations Case Files (series 1942-1963); verified live 2026-10-04 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA catalog.archives.gov/id/6848068, file-unit title and series metadata
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- CORRECTION (identity collision in official metadata): NARA catalogs a file unit titled '[1941-1945] USS Barnett (SP-1149)' inside the Navy Unit and Presidential Unit Commendations Case Files (RG 24, parent series covering 1942-1963). A 1941-1945 commendation file cannot pertain to this hull - SP-1149 was struck 19 May 1936 and sold into civilian ownership by 3 October 1936. The only USS Barnett in commission during 1941-1945 was the attack transport Barnett (AP-11/APA-5), which is almost certainly the vessel this commendation file actually documents; the '(SP-1149)' parenthetical in the catalog title appears to be a hull-number conflation in the archival metadata.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1941-1945 (file dates); collision detected 2026-10-04
- Limitations
- The file unit itself is not digitized ('Not Yet Available Online'), so contents could not be inspected - the APA-5 attribution is an inference from the file's dates versus each hull's commission status, not from the document. Recorded to prevent downstream researchers from crediting a WWII commendation file to a hull that left service in 1936 - and to prevent any 'USS Barnett' WWII-era record from attaching to this vessel.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-06
-
[8]Era inference built on: NavSource propulsion line for this hull (single-ended boiler, 500-hp compound steam engine, one shaft); U.S. Maritime Commission EC2-S-C1 operating manual description of era marine steam-plant insulation (magnesia under sheet-iron lagging - the insulation family in continuous marine use across this hull's era); Corn & Starr 1987 (ev-08); GAO HRD-80-2 (ev-09) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications block (ev-02); USMC EC2-S-C1 manual engine-cylinder insulation section; Corn & Starr; GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel-hulled steam tug built in 1911 and operated through 1936 sits inside the era when marine steam plants were lagged with asbestos-containing insulation; era-standard applications aboard a vessel of this type and period were boiler lagging, steam-line insulation (magnesia-family sectional covering), gaskets, and valve/machinery packing - all in the confined machinery spaces of a 126-foot tug. As a steam vessel she carried the boiler/steam-line lagging pathway that powered her single compound engine.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1911-1956
- Population
- Camden builder trades (1911); Navy engineering crew (1917-1936, esp. New Orleans mine-sweeping and Guantanamo Bay duty); civilian engine-room crews (1936-1953); 1956 scrapping workers
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or work record was located for SP-1149/YT-29, and none is expected to exist: her 1917-1936 Navy service and 1956 scrapping predate all public asbestos documentation programs. The era anchors cited postdate her era (1943 manual, WWII scholarship, 1979 GAO review) - they document the same insulation family in Navy/merchant use across decades, not a record of her 1911 build. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-07
-
[9]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) (Wiley page verified live 2026-10-04) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AJIM 11(3):359-373, abstract/article (doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700110311)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documenting that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII and that wartime federal policy drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard ships - the same insulation-and-shipbuilding regime, in continuous use, within which this 1911-1936 steam tug was built and operated.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1940s program documented; article 1987
- Population
- Shipyard workers and ship crews, WWII-era shipbuilding (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarship covering the WWII window specifically; does not name this vessel, and postdates her service era - carried as adjacent-era documentation of the shipbuilding asbestos regime, not evidence about this hull. Does not establish materials aboard, quantity, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy's Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979; released Oct 22, 1979) - product page and full-text PDF (gao.gov/assets/hrd-80-2.pdf) both retrieved this session [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2 product page and report letter/summary (gao.gov/assets/hrd-80-2.pdf)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO's 1979 review of the Navy asbestos problem at the Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards documents the institutional scale of shipboard asbestos: per the report's summary, 'although all ships contain some asbestos in such components as clutches and electric cables, most ships delivered in the last several years or now under construction have little or no asbestos as thermal insulation, which was the Navy's major use of asbestos aboard ships'; Navy thermal-insulation specifications were not changed to nonasbestos until 1973, and 'some ships were delivered with asbestos insulation as late as May 1978.' The 1975 policy removed/replaced only damaged insulation or insulation removed for repairs, modified in 1979 to selectively replace insulation in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1979 report; era documented through May 1978
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and ship crews of the documented era (class context)
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation of the Navy's asbestos era and its 1970s wind-down - postdates this hull's Navy service (1917-1936) by four decades and says nothing about any specific hull, let alone a tug disposed of in 1936. Carried as era context for the institutional asbestos regime her service era belonged to; fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards (Norfolk received this hull for disposal in July 1936 - proximity noted, not a work record).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-09
-
[11]Batch-8696 search ledger (this record): DANFS; NavSource; shipscribe register; NHHC Online Library; tugboatinformation registry; NARA catalog; NVR; GAO; Wiley; secondary web sweep; CourtListener (blocked - see below) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-barnett-sp1149-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming this hull (USS Barnett SP-1149/YT-29) was found in the public sources searched - and none is expected: her 1917-1936 Navy service and 1956 civilian scrapping predate the asbestos-survey, regulatory, and litigation eras. CAVEAT: the CourtListener sweep is only partially run - of the four required base queries, '"USS Barnett"' opinion succeeded (1 hit: Carlson v. United States, 109 F. Supp. 3d 1025 (N.D. Ill. 2015) - a historian's FOIA suit for WWII Navy court-martial records, i.e., other litigation and an APA-5 name collision, not asbestos and not this hull); the '"USS Barnett"' docket and both '"SP-1149"' queries remained fleet-pace-blocked at session end (see search_ledger). A structural point nonetheless holds: because this hull left service in 1936, any asbestos-litigation reference to 'USS Barnett' would concern the WWII attack transport Barnett (AP-11/APA-5) - a name collision, not this vessel (see ev-06 for the same collision in NARA metadata). Secondary web sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing listicles (elslaw.com, asbestos-ships.com and similar) listing 'USS Barnett' without primary sourcing or hull disambiguation - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 2026-10-04
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-standard steam-plant lagging is a reasonable inference for a 1911 steam tug. The litigation repository is a genuine open gap (blocked, not run); deck logs (RG 24, pre-WWII) and any builder/registry files are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-barnett-sp1149-10