Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
-
[1]DANFS, Batfish (SS-310) - construction, six war patrols, Presidential Unit Citation, Key West training duty (ibiblio HyperWar verbatim transcription) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS service narrative and spec block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: Acoupa (SS-310) renamed Batfish 24 September 1942; launched 6 May 1943 by Portsmouth Navy Yard (sponsor Mrs. A. J. Fortier); commissioned 21 August 1943, Lt. Cmdr. W. R. Merrill. Six war patrols 11 December 1943-26 August 1945; credited with sinking nine Japanese ships totaling 10,658 tons east of Japan, in the Philippine Sea, Luzon Strait, and South China Sea, including destroyer Samidare (26 August 1944) and submarines RO-55 (10 February 1945), RO-112 (11 February 1945), RO-113 (13 February 1945). Presidential Unit Citation for the sixth patrol; nine battle stars. Out of commission in reserve at Mare Island Navy Yard 6 April 1946; recommissioned 7 March 1952 and assigned to Submarine Division 122 at Key West for training duty.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1942-1958
- Population
- PNSY construction trades (1942-43); crew (1943-1958); Mare Island trades (1946, 1952); Key West/New Orleans reserve and training personnel
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. Live NHHC page 404s; ibiblio transcription used. The mirror text merges the sunk-ship list into a garbled sentence but the ship names/dates/positions are intact. Complement 66 in spec block conflicts with other sources (80; 'crew of eighty') - carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-01
-
[2]Oklahoma Historical Society, The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, 'USS Batfish' entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- OHS Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, 'USS Batfish'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- OHS documents this hull's museum era: adopted in 1971 by the Oklahoma chapter of United States Submarine Veterans under the U.S. Navy Ship Donation Program; the Muskogee City-County Trust Port Authority donated five acres; in 1972 a barge flotilla moved Batfish up the Arkansas River from New Orleans to the Port of Muskogee; by May 1973 she rested in a dry berth; opened to the public on Memorial Day 1973 at War Memorial Park. OHS also records that she was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register in 1969 while moored at New Orleans.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1969-1973
- Population
- Museum visitors and staff (1973-present); 1972 tow/barge crews
- Limitations
- Official state historical-society record; no asbestos or material content. OHS gives seven war patrols, 'crew of eighty,' and fourteen ships sunk - all conflicting with DANFS (six patrols, nine ships/10,658 t) and carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-02
-
[3]National Park Service, War in the Pacific Ship Study - National Register nomination context (NR-942, Maryland SHPO Medusa mirror) [nps]
- Locator
- NR-942 War in the Pacific Ship Study, study-notes section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The NPS 'War in the Pacific Ship Study' (the federal nomination study that produced the WWII submarine National Historic Landmark designations) records: 'USS Batfish (Muskogee, Oklahoma) was not visited because the owners could not be located.' The hull was never evaluated for NHL designation; it is not an NHL and is not listed on the NRHP in the sources searched.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- ca. 1984-1986 (study era)
- Limitations
- Documents absence of a designation evaluation in the 1980s study, not current eligibility; no asbestos content. The nomination volume's study context was pulled via the Maryland SHPO Medusa PDF mirror.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-03
-
[4]Muskogee War Memorial Park Authority, 'USS Batfish Relocation Feasibility Study' (BKL engineering, June 2023; posted on the City of Muskogee public document portal) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Feasibility study 'Interior Damage'/FEMA scope-of-work bullets (pp. 3-4 of PDF)
- Finding type
- abatement_record
- Finding
- SHIP-SPECIFIC ASBESTOS RECORD: the relocation feasibility study's FEMA scope of work includes, under 'Interior Damage,' 'replacement of asbestos tile damaged by the flood,' and estimates '$57,000 for asbestos removal, tile replacement and AHU replacement.' The study documents that asbestos-containing tile is present inside the museum hull and that flood damage to it was budgeted for removal. The same document records that the May 2019 flood lifted the hull ~75 ft east onto an incline, that the boat is 311 ft and ~3.2 million pounds, and that lead ballast bars in the sub-tanks 'have all been harvested' (count and timing unrecorded).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 2019-2023
- Population
- Museum maintenance staff, contractors, and visitors (2019-present)
- Limitations
- A consultant's planning/scope-of-work document, not an industrial-hygiene or ACM survey: it does not inventory all ACM aboard, does not date the asbestos tile (wartime vs museum-era), combines the $57,000 across asbestos removal + tile replacement + AHU replacement, and does not establish exposure for any individual. Documents intended removal of flood-damaged tile, not completed abatement.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-04
-
[5]Balao-class profile (ships-worktrees class-f/balao-class.class.json) - class-level propulsion and asbestos-relevant pathway context [other_primary]
- Locator
- class-f/balao-class.class.json (house class profile)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Balao-class context: diesel-electric fleet submarines with no boilers or steam plant; era-consistent asbestos pathways for the class include diesel-exhaust lagging, engine gaskets and packing, acoustic/thermal hull insulation, galley and refrigeration materials, and battery/electrical materials. Construction (1942-43 at Portsmouth Navy Yard) and service-era yard periods (Mare Island 1946 and 1952 reactivation overhaul) fall inside the Navy's peak asbestos-use era.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1942-1969 (era)
- Population
- Balao-class construction and maintenance trades (era context)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - does not name this hull and does not establish that any additional asbestos-containing material beyond the documented interior tile is or was installed aboard SS-310. The class profile's only ship-level litigation allegation (USS Clamagore, SS-343) does not transfer to Batfish.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-05
-
[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - covering Batfish's construction (1942-43) and all service-era availabilities through her 1969 inactivation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-06
-
[7]CourtListener API v4 searches (2026-09-18): "USS Batfish" type=o (0 hits); "SS-310" type=o (4 hits); "Batfish" type=r (11 dockets); "SS-310" type=r (60 dockets) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-batfish-ss310-04 through sl-uss-batfish-ss310-07
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos litigation naming USS Batfish / SS-310 located: opinion hits were 19th-century string collisions; 'SS-310' RECAP hits were docket/statute-number collisions. Two 'Batfish' docket hits required document-level review: Cronin v. Todd Shipyards (N.D. Cal. 3:08-cv-03274, Mare Island work-history exhibit) and the MDL-875 master docket - both unresolvable to this hull within rate limits; the Cronin exhibit's 1978-95 window post-dates this hull's Muskogee donation (1972), so any 'Batfish' string there more plausibly refers to USS Batfish (SSN-681, a Sturgeon-class namesake in commission 1972-1999) than to SS-310.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 2026-09-18
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public docket does not prove absence of exposure or filings - state-court and non-digitized records are not covered, and the anonymous CourtListener quota (125/day shared IP) limited docket-document retrieval. The Cronin and MDL-875 string matches were not verified as naming SS-310; classification as unresolved lead rather than qualifying case (see search_ledger).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-07
-
[8]Batch-23 search ledger (this record): DANFS mirror; OHS encyclopedia; NPS War in the Pacific study; municipal relocation feasibility study; CourtListener exact-name and hull-number sweeps [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-batfish-ss310-01 through sl-uss-batfish-ss310-08
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The only ship-specific asbestos record located is the 2023 feasibility study's interior asbestos-tile line item (ev-04): no full ACM survey, abatement contract, industrial-hygiene report, or docketed asbestos case naming this hull was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 2026-09-18
- Limitations
- The asbestos tile finding establishes the presence of one documented ACM aboard the preserved hull but not the full inventory: a 1943 fleet submarine in museum configuration can plausibly retain additional era materials, and the study's scope was flood damage only. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-batfish-ss310-08