Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
-
[1]research packet 1005-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-pkt-1005-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online, Motor Gunboat/Patrol Gunboat Photo Archive, PGM-55 page (live page verified 2026-10-04) [other_primary]
- Locator
- PGM-55 page, PGM-39 Class milestone block and Specifications block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The live NavSource PGM-55 page identifies this PGM-39-class motor gunboat as laid down in 1961 by the Marinette Marine Corp., Marinette, WI; delivered 10 November 1962 and transferred to Indonesia under the Military Assistance Program as KRI Bentang Silungkang (P-572); expressly notes 'it is questionable if PGM-55 was ever delivered to Indonesia'; transferred to the Philippines in 1965 and renamed BRP Yachi (G-57); reclassified PG-57; struck from the Naval Register in 1982; fate unknown. Page specifications: 110 t, 95 ft length, 19 ft beam, 6 ft 9 in draft, 20 kts, two 20mm mounts and two .50 cal machine guns, eight 255bhp General Motors 6-71 diesel engines on two shafts. Page expressly states no DANFS history is available for PGM-55.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1961-1982
- Population
- Marinette Marine construction workforce (numbers not located); prospective Indonesian Navy crew (delivery unverified); Philippine Navy crew of RPS/BRP Yachi, 1965-1982
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer historical archive, not an official registry, and its own page flags the Indonesian delivery as questionable. The page's spec block engine fit (eight GM 6-71 diesels) conflicts with other class references (two Mercedes-Benz 12V493 TY57 diesels) and is not hull-verified. No commissioning date, complement, construction material list, asbestos survey, abatement, exposure, or final-disposition documentation is provided.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-01
-
[3]Shipbuilding History (T. Colton compilation), 'Gunboats (PGM, PG, PFMM, PGG, PCG) Built Since WWII' table (live page verified 2026-10-04) [other_primary]
- Locator
- pg3.htm table, PGM-55 row; program summary paragraph at table head
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The shipbuilding-history gunboat table independently lists PGM-55: original name 'Bentang Silungkang', original owner Indonesian Navy, builder Marinette Marine, Marinette WI, LDT 118 / LOA 100, built 10-Nov-61, disposition 'P 572, struck 1982'. The table's program note states that of 112 post-WWII U.S.-built gunboats, 95 were built under the Foreign Military Sales program.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1961-1982
- Population
- Marinette Marine construction workforce; prospective Indonesian Navy crew; Philippine Navy crew, 1965-1982
- Limitations
- Independent secondary compilation, not an official registry; its 10-Nov-1961 build date conflicts with NavSource's 10-Nov-1962 delivery date (unresolved - see correction row). The table records the Indonesian allocation, not proof of physical delivery. No materials, machinery detail beyond the row fields, asbestos, or final-fate information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-02
-
[4]Cross-source reconciliation: NavSource PGM-55 page vs. shipbuildinghistory.com gunboat table vs. Philippine Navy decommissioned-ships list (en.wikipedia.org secondary compilation) vs. Indomiliter (Indonesian defense-press research note, 2018-06-13) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource PGM-55 milestone block; shipbuildinghistory.com pg3.htm PGM-55 row; en.wikipedia.org 'List of decommissioned ships of the Philippine Navy', PGM-39-class table row for BRP Yachi; indomiliter.com PGM-39-class research article 2018-06-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Two discrepancies logged, not resolved: (a) Build/delivery year - shipbuildinghistory.com and the Philippine Navy decommissioned-ships list give 'built 10 November 1961'; NavSource gives 'delivered 10 November 1962'. Same day-month, one-year conflict; carried unresolved. (b) Whether the hull ever reached Indonesian service - NavSource itself flags 'it is questionable if PGM-55 was ever delivered to Indonesia'; the Philippine Navy list describes the craft as 'initially bound for Indonesia, but instead was transferred to Philippine Navy as RPS Yachi (G-57) in 1965'; Indonesian defense-press research found no trace of the three Indonesian-allocated PGM-39-class boats (P-570/-571/-572) in TNI-AL service and compares the case to other KRI-labeled equipment never actually operated. The record therefore treats the Indonesian allocation as a paper/name assignment and the Philippine service (RPS/BRP Yachi, G-57/PG-57, 1965-1982) as the hull's documented operating career.
- Verification
- disputed
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1961-1982
- Limitations
- All sources in play are secondary compilations; no primary transfer document, Indonesian commissioning record, or Philippine acceptance document was located. The 'questionable delivery' flag originates in NavSource's editorial note; the Philippine list's 'instead transferred' framing is consistent with it but does not prove the delivery never occurred. Absence of TNI-AL trace is a research finding, not dispositive proof.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-03
-
[5]Judith C. Erdheim, 'Market Time' (Department of the Navy, Naval Historical Center, prepared for Office of Naval Research / Chief of Naval Operations, September 1975), Appendix A 'Characteristics of VNN PCE and PGM' - HyperWar/ibiblio transcription of the official Navy publication (live page verified 2026-10-04) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- market_time.htm, Appendix A, FIG A-2 'Patrol Motor Gun Boat (PGM)' characteristics block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official Navy study documents the PGM type in allied (Republic of Vietnam Navy) service during the same era this hull served the Philippine Navy: 100 ft length, 21 ft beam, 7 ft draft, 17 kts, endurance 1,000 n.mi. at 12 kts, armament one 40mm Mk 3 single mount plus two 20mm Mk 10 Mod 2 and two .50-caliber, crew 1 officer and 14 enlisted. The secondary compilations concur that the PGM-39 class was built specifically for allied transfer under the Military Assistance / Foreign Military Sales programs, and that VNN operated PGM-39-class hulls (HQ-600 series).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1965-1975
- Population
- Allied-navy PGM crews of the era (type-level; approximately 15 per craft)
- Limitations
- Type-level characteristics for the PGM craft class in allied service, not a hull record: the document names no individual hull, predates this craft's Philippine striking, and contains no materials, insulation, or asbestos information. Dimensions differ slightly from the secondary compilations (100 ft vs 95-101 ft; 17 vs 20 kts) - program-level values for the type.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-04
-
[6]U.S. Government Accountability Office, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (published 18 October 1979; product page verified live 2026-10-04 via Firecrawl - direct fetch returned HTTP 403) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page, Highlights section
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO's Navy-wide review examined asbestos use in Navy ships and reported the Navy's 1975 policy: remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed for necessary repairs; modified in 1979 to selectively replace asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas where repairs would be expected during a ship's next operating cycle.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1975-1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and ships reviewed at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards
- Limitations
- Program-level U.S. Navy policy, not documentation for PGM-55 or the Philippine or Indonesian navies. The fieldwork covered Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards. It does not establish that asbestos was installed aboard this hull, identify any product or location, quantify material, establish exposure, or address legal eligibility. Direct fetch of gao.gov returned HTTP 403; content verified through the Firecrawl scrape of the live product page.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-05
-
[7]Batch-8624 search ledger (this record): NavSource PGM-55 page and PGM index; shipbuildinghistory.com gunboat table; NHHC DANFS index check; Naval Vessel Register; NHC Market Time Appendix A; GAO HRD-80-2; Philippine Navy decommissioned-ships list; Indonesian defense-press research; CourtListener authenticated base-query sweep via cl-auth-search.py [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-01 through sl-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No public ship-specific asbestos documentation was located in the sources completed: no asbestos survey, abatement record, hazardous-material disclosure, material list, or qualifying litigation result naming PGM-55 / KRI Bentang Silungkang / BRP Yachi was retrieved. NavSource expressly reports that no DANFS history is available for PGM-55, and the NHHC DANFS index check returned no entry. The Naval Vessel Register does not cover the hull - the NVR states ships disposed of prior to 1987 are not included, and this craft left U.S. custody by 1965. CourtListener is a partial negative, not a completed negative: the exact-name opinion query returned zero results, but the exact-name docket and both hull-number queries were pacing-blocked before results returned.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 2026-10-04
- Limitations
- A lack of located public documentation does not prove absence of asbestos or exposure aboard the hull. The CourtListener sweep is incomplete - three of four required base queries were pacing-blocked, so litigation absence cannot be asserted. The sweep did not reach Philippine Navy or TNI-AL archives, builder construction records, MAP transfer case files, or a final-disposition record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-06
-
[8]NARA RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) design and procurement records; Military Assistance Program / security-assistance transfer case files for the 1962 Indonesian PGM allocation; Marinette Marine Corp. construction records; TNI-AL records; Philippine Navy records for RPS/BRP Yachi service and 1982 disposal [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 19; MAP/security-assistance program records; Marinette Marine records; TNI-AL and Philippine Navy archives
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The principal leads for hull-specific material evidence are Bureau of Ships design/procurement files for the PGM-39 class, the MAP transfer case file (which should resolve whether PGM-55 was physically delivered to Indonesia or diverted), Marinette Marine construction records, TNI-AL records for the Bentang-class allocation, and Philippine Navy records for RPS/BRP Yachi's 1965-1982 service and disposal. None were located in digitized form in this research pass.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1961-1982
- Limitations
- Archival leads only. The existence, completeness, and asbestos relevance of particular files are unverified; no finding about materials, exposure, or disposal may be inferred from these leads.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-bentang-silungkang-pgm55-07