Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]DANFS, Boyle I (DD-600) (namesake biography, spec block, full service narrative, reserve-fleet assignments, striking, disposal; NHHC page authored Raymond A. Mann 2005-12-14 - live NHHC page returns 404; cited via Wayback capture 2025-12-09 of the official page) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, Boyle I (DD-600): specifications block + service narrative; canonical NHHC URL https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/b/boyle-i.html (404 live) via Wayback 2025-12-09
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: laid down 31 December 1941 at Fore River, Mass., by the Bethlehem Steel Co.; launched 15 June 1942, sponsored by Mrs. Margaret A. Glascock; commissioned 15 August 1942, Lt. Comdr. Eugene S. Karpe in command. Assigned DesDiv 32, DesRon 16, Atlantic Fleet; sailed Norfolk 25 October 1942 with TF 34 for Operation TORCH - covered the Fedhala landings 8 November, joined the action against Vichy French naval units 10 November, returned end of month for east-coast/West Indies patrols. Six round-trip convoy voyages to the Mediterranean plus one to Iceland, February 1943-April 1944; Sicily invasion 9-15 July and 28 July-17 August 1943; rescued survivors after Beatty (DD-640) and two transports were sunk by aerial torpedoes (convoy KIMF-25A NW of Philippeville, night 5-6 November 1943); hunter-killer group off New York April 1944; crossed to Oran and supported the U.S. 5th Army on the Italian coast; southern France invasion (shore batteries, call fire, anti-E-boat patrols) last half of August 1944; returned to New York 14 September in the screen of Arkansas (BB-33), Nevada (BB-36), and Texas (BB-35); Boston repairs from 18 September. Sailed with DesRon 16 for the Mediterranean 10 December 1944 - five months of Riviera gunfire support and Gibraltar-Casablanca convoys; New York 1 May 1945 for added antiaircraft armament; departed 23 May via Panama to San Diego (12 June) and Hawaiian waters (first 24 days of July); Okinawa 12 August, three days on the picket line to 15 August; Tokyo Bay 10 September; operated Japan-Shanghai-Okinawa to 1 November; Charleston, S.C. 8 December; decommissioned 29 March 1946. Reserve at Charleston to 5 February 1958, then Boston Group Atlantic Reserve Fleet, later Philadelphia, and the Orange, Tex. group from 27 July 1966. Struck from the Navy list 1 June 1971; sunk as a target in May 1973. Four battle stars. Spec block: dp. 1,620; l. 347'9"; b. 36'1"; dr. 17'4"; s. 37.6 k.; cpl. 276; a. 4 5", 4 40mm., 7 20mm., 5 21" tt., 6 dcp., 2 dct.; cl. Benson.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1941-1973
- Population
- Bethlehem Fore River construction trades 1941-42; wartime crew (design complement 276); reserve-fleet caretaker crews 1946-71
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and specifications, not materials or asbestos content. It dates the disposal only to 'May 1973' (the 3 May off-Florida precision is secondary - carried in gaps); it does not name the Boston repair facility (NARA photo caption supplies Boston Navy Yard - ev-04) or the New York May 1945 facility; and its spec block omits machinery (class data supplies the 4-boiler/50,000-shp plant). Wayback capture of the NHHC page cited because the live page returns 404 (standing link rot).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-01
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[2]NavSource Naval History, Destroyer Photo Index DD-600 USS BOYLE (operational/building data, as-built specifications, commanding-officer roster, NARA photo captions; content captured via search index - live site unreachable from this network) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.org/archives/05/600.htm - 'Operational and Building Data' block + CO roster (live unreachable; search-index capture 2026-09-27)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource record for this hull: flag hoist/radio call sign NBAJ; class BENSON; as built - displacement 2,395 tons full, 348'4" x 36'1" x 13'2" max, 4 x 5"/38AA, 6 x 0.5" MG, 10 x 21" tt (2x5), machinery 50,000 shp Bethlehem turbines two screws, 35 kt, range 6,500 nm at 12 kt, crew 208. Building/operations data corroborate DANFS: laid down Bethlehem Steel, Quincy, 31 December 1941; launched 15 June 1942; commissioned 15 August 1942; decommissioned 29 March 1946; stricken 1 June 1971; sunk as target off Florida 3 May 1973. Commanding-officer roster begins LCDR Eugene Simon Karpe (15 Aug 1942-1 Feb 1943), CDR Benjamin Prince Field III (1 Feb 1943-27 Sep 1944), CDR Charles Snowden (from 27 Sep 1944).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1941-1973
- Population
- Wartime crew; construction trades
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary compilation mirroring official photos and operational data - consistent with DANFS on all dates it shares; the 3 May 1973 day-level date for the target sinking is its unique contribution (DANFS reads May 1973 only) and is carried flagged as secondary. Complement 208 is the as-built design figure vs DANFS's wartime 276 - both documented. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-02
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[3]Fore River Shipyard production record (Bethlehem Steel ownership period) and Shipbuilding History WWII destroyers table - DD-600 row: hull 1518, Benson class, contract year 1940, launched 15 Jun 1942, delivered/commissioned 15 Aug 1942, 'sunk as target 1973'; production list descends from 'List of Ships Built at the Quincy Yard,' Central Technical Department of Bethlehem Steel Company, Shipbuilding Division, Quincy, MA [other_primary]
- Locator
- hazegray.org/shipbuilding/quincy/fore2.htm row 1518; shipbuildinghistory.njscuba.net/us-navy-large/destroyers2 DD-600 row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Builder-production record for this hull: Fore River (Bethlehem Steel) yard hull number 1518 = USS Boyle (DD 600), Benson-class destroyer, new construction for US Navy, delivered 15 August 1942, 'Discarded 1971' (production list) / 'sunk as target 1973' (destroyers table). Confirms the builder entity (Bethlehem Steel, Quincy) and assigns the hull's yard number.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1941-1942
- Population
- Bethlehem Fore River construction trades
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation - the hazegray production list states it descends from Bethlehem Steel's own Central Technical Department list but is a web transcription, not the document itself; contract-year column (1940) predates the actual keel (31 Dec 1941). No asbestos or materials content. hazegray.org live unreachable from this network; row content captured via search index.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-03
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[4]National Archives photo captions via NavSource transcription: 80-G-382789 (Boyle departing Boston Navy Yard for Casco Bay, ME, 19 October 1944, wearing Measure 32/3d, after overhaul; HF/DF antenna noted) and 80-G-354884 (six destroyers alongside USS Black Hawk (AD-9), probably Pearl Harbor, July 1945: Hawkins DD-873, Ordronaux DD-617, Boyle DD-600, Champlin DD-601, Swanson DD-443, Franks DD-554); also BS 126986 (Boston, 19 Oct 1944, Wikimedia Commons) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource DD-600 photo entries - captions for 80-G-382789, 80-G-354884, BS 126986
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA photo captions document this hull's 1944 yard period ship-specifically: Boyle completed an overhaul at Boston Navy Yard and got underway for Casco Bay on 19 October 1944 - placing her in a naval shipyard for machinery-period work during the asbestos era. The July 1945 Pearl Harbor photo places her alongside the tender Black Hawk with five other destroyers in the pre-Okinawa staging window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1944-09 to 1944-10 (overhaul); 1945-07 (Pearl Harbor)
- Population
- Boston Navy Yard workers (1944 overhaul period); ship's crew
- Limitations
- Photo captions transcribed on a secondary host (NavSource); the images are official U.S. Navy photographs in NARA custody (80-G series) but were not examined directly. The captions document the yard presence and dates, not any work performed or materials involved - the asbestos scope of the Boston overhaul is unrecorded. 'Boston Navy Yard' confirms the facility DANFS leaves unnamed ('moved on to Boston for repairs').
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-04
-
[5]Consolidated era inference - Benson-class technical data (4 Babcock & Wilcox superheated boilers, Bethlehem geared turbines, ~50,000 shp per DANFS-type/NavSource; class documented in Atlas class profile benson-gleaves-class) + Atlas shipyard dataset Fore River/Bethlehem records + GAO HRD-80-2 policy context; NARA RG19 General Information Books archival lead [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS spec block + class profile benson-gleaves-class (class-f worktree); shipyards.json records 'fore-river-shipyard'/'bethlehem-shipbuilding'
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for this hull: a Benson-class destroyer built December 1941-August 1942 with a four-superheated-boiler, 50,000-shp geared steam plant falls squarely in the Navy's peak asbestos era. Typical period applications: boiler casing and fireroom insulation, steam-pipe and turbine lagging, valve/flange gaskets and packing, deck tile, and accommodation insulation; the documented Boston Navy Yard overhaul (Sep-Oct 1944) and the May 1945 New York availability are yard events of the type that disturbed machinery-space insulation. Builder Fore River (Bethlehem Steel, Quincy) is Atlas-documented at yard level (fore-river-shipyard, bethlehem-shipbuilding).
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1941-1971
- Population
- Bethlehem Fore River construction trades 1941-42; Boston Navy Yard workers 1944; crew 1942-46; reserve-fleet caretakers 1946-71
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - NOT a hull-specific finding; no document located states that any specific asbestos product was installed aboard DD-600. Yard events are documented but their asbestos scope is unrecorded. Does not quantify material or establish any individual's exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-05
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[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - placing DD-600's entire existence (construction 1941-42, commissioned service 1942-46, reserve-fleet lay-up 1946-71) inside the documented asbestos-use era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1979 (report); era context for 1941-71
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full report text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-06
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[7]NARA holdings for this hull: WWII-era deck logs (RG 24, Entry 118, NARA II College Park); war diaries and action reports (RG 38); NARA still photos 80-G-382789, 80-G-354884, BS 126986 (examined via captions only); RG 19 Bureau of Ships 'General Information Books' (per-vessel material specifications - the standing hull-level lead) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 24 Entry 118 (deck logs); RG 38 (war diaries/action reports); RG 19 GIB series
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Hull-level primary records exist in NARA custody but were not retrieved: DD-600's deck logs (1942-46) are an RG 24 Entry 118 paper holding - NARA's published digitized deck-log list was checked and does not include Boyle; operational records (DesRon 16 war diaries, action reports for Torch/Sicily/Dragoon) are RG 38; and RG 19 General Information Books hold per-vessel material specs, the standing hull-level asbestos-specification lead. The legacy NARA catalog API is retired (v1 endpoint returns the JS application shell), so NAIDs were not verified programmatically.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1941-1946 records; unretrieved
- Limitations
- Archival leads only - nothing in these holdings has been examined for this record; deck logs would document positions/operations, not insulation content; only the RG19 GIB could potentially state hull-level material specifications.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-07
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[8]Batch-3572 search ledger (this record): DANFS via NHHC Wayback capture; NavSource operational data and NARA photo captions; Fore River production record; GAO HRD-80-2; NARA deck-log list and catalog; wreck/sinking-detail search; CourtListener exact-name + hull-number sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-boyle-dd600-01 through -09
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No ship-specific asbestos record located for this hull in the public sources searched: no hull ACM survey, abatement record, materials inventory, donation/transfer hazmat disclosure, or museum disclosure exists to find - the ship left commissioned service in March 1946, spent 25 years in reserve-fleet lay-up, and was sunk as a target in May 1973, before any such documentation regime, and never had a museum or scrapping phase. Law-firm/SEO ship pages for USS Boyle exist (asbestos-ships.com et al.) but are excluded per sourcing rules - they are template text asserting era-standard asbestos use, not hull records.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Limitations
- Absence of a located record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-standard applications are documented at class/era level for 1941-42 Benson construction (ev-05). Whether any asbestos-containing material remained at the 1973 target sinking is undocumented and, absent wreck survey or disposal records, unknowable from located sources.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-08
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[9]CourtListener API v4 search (type=o opinions and type=r dockets), exact-name queries "USS Boyle" / "U.S.S. Boyle", aboard-vessel phrases, surname-with-subject query "Boyle" asbestos, and hull-number query "DD-600" - authenticated via cl-auth-search.py under fleet pacing, 2026-09-27 [court_record]
- Locator
- cl-auth-search.py session log batch3572-cl-results.log 2026-09-27; search_ledger sl-uss-boyle-dd600-09
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull located. "USS Boyle": 0 opinions, 0 dockets - the attribution-clean negative. "U.S.S. Boyle": 0 opinions. "aboard USS Boyle"/"aboard the Boyle": 0 opinions. "DD-600": 0 opinions; 16 dockets matched (17 documents; 12 returned), all identifier collisions in unrelated litigation (Merchant v. Woods civil rights M.D. Fla.; In re Katrina Canal Breaches E.D. La.; Amaral v. Advantage Weatherization D. Mass.; Pehar bankruptcy N.D. Ill.; Cornwell v. Bandukra D.D.C.; Abadi v. British Airways S.D.N.Y.; Winn-Dixie bankruptcy M.D. Fla.; DC Comics v. Pacific Pictures C.D. Cal.; Arch Coal bankruptcy E.D. Mo.; Hickenbottom bankruptcy N.D. Ill.; Coleman v. Newsom E.D. Cal.; In re Seroquel MDL M.D. Fla.) where 'DD-600' matches an internal exhibit/document string. "Boyle" asbestos: 624 opinion hits, returned page all surname/party-name collisions (Boyle v. CertainTeed, Boyle v. Giral, Boyle v. 42nd Street Development, Boyle Drug Co., Boyle Environmental Services, Azevedo & Boyle Contracting; In re Brooklyn Navy Yard Asbestos Litig. named a shipyard, not this vessel) - none names the vessel or an asbestos claim aboard it.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Limitations
- The attribution-clean queries (exact USS name in both spellings, aboard-vessel phrases) returned zero qualifying results - the strongest obtainable negative. Absence of indexed hits does not prove no litigation exists - RECAP coverage is incomplete for state-court filings and unindexed text. The 'DD-600' docket query returned 12 of 16 matching dockets (RECAP docket-level grouping of 17 documents; no next page offered); all reviewed hits were non-asbestos identifier collisions. The bare-surname 'Boyle' asbestos query is inherently noisy (common plaintiff/party surname) - reviewed page shows only collisions. USS Boyle is a single-hull name: DD-600 was the only commissioned Navy ship of the name, so no second-hull collision risk exists - but any 'Boyle' surname hit must name the vessel, DD-600, or a 1942-46 service window to count.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-boyle-dd600-09