Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
-
[1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 'Caledonia (II) (AK-167)' (hazegray transcription mirror; canonical NHHC page returned 404 on 2026-09-20) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Caledonia II', full entry text and stat line
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The second Caledonia (AK-167), Alamosa class, was launched 1945-01-01 by Kaiser Cargo, Inc., Richmond, Calif., under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by Mrs. V. Brown; acquired by the Navy and commissioned 1945-03-13, Lt. F. G. Stelte in command. Pacific logistics service: San Francisco to Manus (discharging from 1945-05-23), Samar (offload complete 1945-06-22), Darwin and Milne Bay to reload, Samar and Subic Bay Aug-Sep 1945, Noumea cargo run, departed Samar 1945-12-30 for Baltimore; decommissioned 1946-03-25 and returned to the Maritime Commission four days later. DANFS stat line: dp. 2,382; l. 338'6"; b. 50'; dr. 21'1"; s. 11 k.; cpl. 85; a. 1 x 3"; cl. Alamosa.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1945-01-01 to 1946-03-29
- Population
- Ship's company, 1945-03-13 to 1946-03-25 (complement 85 per DANFS)
- Limitations
- Transcription mirror of the official DANFS entry - the canonical history.navy.mil URL for this entry returned 404 on 2026-09-20 (standing NHHC link-rot defect noted in BATCH-01). Contains no asbestos or materials information; establishes identity and service history only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-caledonia-ak167-01
-
[2]U.S. Maritime Administration, Vessel History Database - CALEDONIA (AK-167), detail 654: characteristics record and Reserve Fleet vessel status cards (654_1224AF/AB and status-card PNG) [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- Detail page 654 characteristics block; status card images /cards/654_1224AF.jpg, /cards/654_1224AB.jpg, /cards/0b7be84c-f1d9-4ece-87f1-a165c24a424e.png
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD records MC hull 2112, type C1-M-AV1, built by Kaiser Cargo, Inc., Shipyard No. 4, Richmond, Calif., completed 1945-03-13, delivered by builders to USMC that day. Status-card custody chain: delivered to Navy Dept. at Richmond 1945-03-13; laid up Lee Hall, Va. (James River Reserve Fleet) 1946-03-29; withdrawn from fleet 1947-03-01 under General Agency Agreement with Dickmann, Wright & Pugh, Inc. pending delivery to purchaser; delivered to the Kingdom of Norway (under the Merchant Ship Sales Act of 1946) at Norfolk, Va. 1947-03-07, title passing at Hoboken, NJ; price $693,862.00; renamed Norse Captain. Card annotations: DWT 4,967; BHP 1,700; 'Dky Blr' (donkey boiler).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1945-03-13 to 1947-03-07
- Population
- Navy crew to 1946-03; NDRF lay-up/custody personnel (James River) 1946-03 to 1947-03; GAA operator crew 1947
- Limitations
- Custody/characteristics record only - status cards carry no materials or asbestos information. Purchase recorded to the Kingdom of Norway; secondary sources name the Norwegian operator as Rederi A/S Hauk (Bucha Goding & Co.) at the same $693,862 price - operator-level detail not resolved against the primary card. Card registered length (321.4 ft) differs from the database's 338.5 ft and DANFS 338'6"; dimensions not material to this record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-caledonia-ak167-02
-
[3]U.S. Maritime Commission, Transmittal Order No. C-5025 (1947-02-06), approving sale and transfer to Norwegian registry and flag of the undocumented M/V CALEDONIA [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- Order C-5025, single-page scanned order, signed A. J. Williams, Secretary
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Maritime Commission order approved the sale, per Section 37 of the Shipping Act 1916 as amended, of the undocumented M/V Caledonia to the Government of the Kingdom of Norway (represented by the Royal Norwegian Ministry of Commerce), with privilege of transfer to foreign registry and flag.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1947-02-06
- Limitations
- Names the buyer as the Kingdom of Norway; secondary compilations (NavSource, NavalCoverMuseum) report the vessel then traded under Norwegian and later Philippine owners (Norse Captain, Mabini, President Quezon, Seven Kings) - that chain is carried as secondary, not from this document. Contains no materials/asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-caledonia-ak167-03
-
[4]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documenting that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the emergency shipbuilding program and era under which this hull was built (Kaiser Cargo Yard No. 4, Richmond, completed 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class/era context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this hull, the C1-M-AV1 type, or the Alamosa class, and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this vessel, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-caledonia-ak167-04
-
[5]Rogers v. Raymark Industries, Inc., 922 F.2d 1426 (9th Cir. 1991) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion text, case-posture description (CL opinion 553891); citation confirmed 922 F.2d 1426
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Published Ninth Circuit opinion in a widow's wrongful-death action alleging that the decedent's fatal lung cancer was traceable in part to asbestos exposure as a shipyard worker at Kaiser Shipyard No. 1, Richmond, California, during WWII - appellate-level documentation that asbestos exposure occurred at the Kaiser Richmond shipbuilding complex where this hull was built (Kaiser Cargo, Inc., Yard No. 4).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- WWII exposure period; opinion 1991-01-09
- Population
- Kaiser Richmond shipyard workers (builder context)
- Limitations
- Builder-yard context, not hull evidence: the opinion concerns a yard worker at Kaiser Richmond Yard No. 1, not Yard No. 4, and does not name this vessel or any vessel. It documents asbestos exposure conditions at the Richmond Kaiser complex in the wartime period; it does not establish asbestos aboard this hull, exposure of any crew member, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-caledonia-ak167-05
-
[6]Batch-845 search ledger (this record): DANFS entry; MARAD ShipHistory detail 654 (characteristics, status cards, Transmittal Order C-5025); CourtListener API v4 name and hull-number searches; NVR quickfind; NARA/NavSource war-diary lead [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-caledonia-ak167-01 through sl-uss-caledonia-ak167-08
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS Caledonia (AK-167) or MC hull 2112 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener returned zero hits on the exact ship name and hull number; broader 'Caledonia' hits were name collisions (Caledonia County, unrelated vessels).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 2026-09-20
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull was built inside the documented peak of WWII shipbuilding asbestos use. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. Merchant-era litigation under foreign-flag owner/operator names would not surface in US hull-name searches.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-caledonia-ak167-06
-
[7]NavSource Online photo archive page for USS Caledonia (AK-167), hosting/identifying 'USS Caledonia (AK-167) War Diary March to November 1945 and History'; underlying records are NARA WWII war diaries (RG 38) and Navy deck logs (RG 24); USMC construction records for MC hull 2112 are RG 178 (West Coast/San Francisco regional files for Kaiser Richmond) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page footer 'Additional Resources' link; NARA RG 24/38/178 series descriptions
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A ship's war diary for March-November 1945 exists (NavSource hosts a scan; wartime command reports to CNO). Likely productive archival paths: RG 38 WWII war diaries for AK-167; RG 24 deck logs 1945-1946; RG 178 USMC Construction Division West Coast regional files for Kaiser Richmond MC hull 2112 outfitting/materials records. None retrieved - box-level NARA research or reproduction not authorized.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1945-03 to 1945-11 (diary coverage)
- Limitations
- Lead only: NavSource is a volunteer secondary site (acceptable as a pointer, not as an evidence source); the scan was not independently verified against the NARA original. War diaries/deck logs rarely record construction materials; the RG 178 construction file is the plausible path for hull materials data. No retrieval performed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-caledonia-ak167-07