Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
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[1]DANFS, LST-928 (NHHC online entry; print DANFS Vol. II carries only the cross-reference 'Cameron, see LST-928' - no separate Cameron narrative exists) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-928 entry, full text (3 paragraphs); live NHHC URL https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/l/lst-928.html returned 404 on 2026-09-25 - cited via Internet Archive capture of 2025-12-09
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS entry for LST-928 (the hull later designated Cameron APB-50): 'LST-928 was laid down on 1 June 1944 at Hingham, Mass., by the Bethlehem-Hingham Shipyard, Inc.; launched on 5 July 1944; and commissioned on 30 July 1944, Lt. C. R. Stearns, USNR, in command. During World War II, LST-928 was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific theater and participated in the assault and occupation of Iwo Jima in March 1945. She was decommissioned on 13 December 1946. LST-928 earned one battle star for World War II service.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Limitations
- Official Navy history establishes identity, builder, build/commission dates, Iwo Jima service, one battle star, and 1946 decommissioning. The entry never mentions the APB-50 conversion or the Cameron name (coverage ends at the LST stub) and contains no materials or insulation information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-01
-
[2]Naval History and Heritage Command, UA Collection, catalog item UA 571.55 'USS Cameron (APB-50)' [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHHC catalog item page, Title/Description/Accession/Catalog fields; live page returned 404 on 2026-09-25 - cited via Internet Archive capture of 2024-12-09; image also mirrored on Wikimedia Commons as 'UA 571.55 USS Cameron (APB-50).jpg'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC Photographic Section catalog record UA 571.55, dated 1945: 'Oversize panoramic of USS Cameron (APB-50) (formerly LST-928) - collage including war cruise map, and various ship images, 1945' (Accession UA 571, Catalog UA 571.55, 'Found in collection'; copyright owner Naval History & Heritage Command). This is an official U.S. Navy record explicitly linking the APB-50 Cameron identity to the former LST-928 hull in 1945.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1945
- Limitations
- Establishes that the hull carried the name Cameron and designation APB-50 as of the artifact's 1945 dating - it controls over secondary sources that assert a 1955 reclassification (see correction row ev-09). Does not establish the precise conversion/reclassification date, the conversion yard, or any materials content; no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-02
-
[3]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (Jan 1945), LST roster + LST design table (shipscribe.com scan) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 v2, LST builder-roster block (Bethlehem Steel Co., Hingham) row LST928; LST class design table. NOTE: the URL variant used by the class profile, shipscribe.com/styles/usnaux/sdb/SDB1945v2.pdf, also resolves
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Bureau of Ships 'Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels' Vol. 2 (January 1945) LST roster lists LST-928 within the Bethlehem Steel Co., Hingham, Mass. builder block: laid 1 Jun 44, launched 5 Jul 44, commissioned 30 Jul - matching DANFS. The same volume's LST design table gives the class plant: 2 x GM 12-567A diesels, ~1,700 shp, 328 ft oa x 50 ft, ~11.6 kt - a diesel ship with no boilers. The January 1945 roster lists the hull only as LST-928 (the APB-50 conversion postdates the issue).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1945
- Limitations
- Contemporaneous official record corroborating builder and build dates for this hull and the class machinery data (diesel, no boilers). Contains no asbestos, insulation, or materials statements; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-03
-
[4]Shipscribe.com, USS WYTHE (APB-41) class page - compiled register from BuShips Ships' Data / NVR-era official records (S. S. Roberts, compiled 2007) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Construction table, Disposition table, Class Notes, and Ship Notes row for APB-50 Cameron
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Shipscribe (S. S. Roberts) USN auxiliary register, WYTHE (APB-41) class page: CAMERON listed 'Ex LST-928 1 Aug 45. Commissioned as LST 30 Jul 44. Converted by Consolidated Steel (Craig Yard), Long Beach, Cal., 25 Jul 45 - 22 Sep 45, no service. In USN reserve 1946-59.' Table columns give reclassification 1 Aug 45, decommission 13 Dec 46, strike 1 May 59, disposal 23 Jul 59 (sold). Class notes: 'APB 49-50 were converted at San Diego and Long Beach, Cal., between June and September 1945' along APB 41-44 lines - two Quonset huts on the weather deck, 4 evaporators, 24 refrigerator units, 2 electric generators, ~250 additional bunks on the tank deck; roughly 340 transient accommodations; conversions lacked a stores crane and a large weather-deck-to-tank-deck hatch.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1959
- Population
- Conversion yard workforce (Consolidated Steel, Craig Yard, Long Beach), 1945
- Limitations
- Carefully compiled secondary register drawing on official Navy data (not itself a primary artifact). The 1 Aug 1945 reclassification and Craig Yard conversion dates are corroborated only by NavalCoverMuseum ('August 1945') - not yet tied to a primary document; NavSource's '1 July 1945' conflicts by one month (see ev-09). 'No service' = no documented operational employment as APB. No materials or asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-04
-
[5]U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (DOI), 'Alaska Shipwrecks: 1729-2000' table (compiled by MMS), Kevalaska rows [other_primary]
- Locator
- 2011_Shipwreck.pdf table rows for Kevalaska (1968, 1971, 1975); the table's own rows do not print former names - the identity chain to ex-LST-928/APB-50/Cameron (U.S. Official No. 282136) comes via Merchant Vessels of the U.S. 1974 as transcribed at alaskashipwreck.com ('Former Names LST 928 (USN), APB 50 (USN), Cameron, ON 282136'); approximate loss coordinates 59 35 N / 151 52 W likewise from the secondary transcription, not the BOEM row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- BOEM Alaska Shipwreck Table (Minerals Management Service/BOEM, public-domain federal database, last updated 2011) records three casualties for the barge KEVALASKA: (1) 12/1/1968, 'At the entrance to Dangerous River, 25 mi SE of Yakutat - Stranded; tug Salvage Chief refloated her and tug Daphne towed vessel to Seattle'; (2) 1/1/1971, 'In Cook Inlet, S of Anchorage - While southbound from Anchorage in tow of the tug Daphne, vessel collided with Japanese motor vessel Shoyo Maru No. 5; towed to Seattle for repairs'; (3) 5/25/1975, 'Near Seldovia, Cook Inlet - Capsized' (sources AT, ADN). The federal table establishes the hull's commercial barge casualties and final loss date/location.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1968-1975
- Limitations
- Federal wreck table is authoritative for casualty dates/locations; the ex-Navy identity chain (ON 282136 = ex-LST-928/Cameron) rests on USCG Merchant Vessels of the U.S. (1974) as transcribed by a secondary site - MVUS itself not independently pulled this session. Overrides 'scrapped 1960' claims in secondary registries. No asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-05
-
[6]Shaver Transportation Company v. Alaska Freight Lines, Inc., 315 F.2d 97 (9th Cir. Mar. 25, 1963) (CourtListener cluster 260032; also 1963 A.M.C. 1128) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion, statement of facts (barge Kevalaska at Ideal Cement dock, Columbia River drawbridge passage); companion: United States v. Tug Manzanillo, 310 F.2d 220 (9th Cir. 1962), referenced in the opening lines
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Published Ninth Circuit admiralty opinion documents the barge Kevalaska (this hull, post-Navy) in commercial bulk-cement service on the Columbia River: the opinion opens, 'Our story begins with appellee's barge Kevalaska, tied to the dock of the Ideal Cement Company on the north bank of the Columbia River,' loaded with about 3,400 tons of bulk cement, involved in an allision/misadventure at a Columbia River drawbridge. This is a docketed, published appellate opinion naming the hull in commercial service - classified as OTHER LITIGATION (admiralty), not an asbestos case.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1962 incident; opinion filed 1963-03-25
- Limitations
- Admiralty (allision) litigation only - it documents that the hull operated as a commercial cargo barge circa 1962; it contains no asbestos, materials, crew-exposure, or Navy-service content. Does not support any asbestos claim; carried to document the vessel's post-Navy identity and as the sole CourtListener hit for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-06
-
[7]Consolidated class/era inference - BuShips Ships' Data 1945 v2 design table (shipscribe.com scan); shipscribe APB-41 class conversion notes; Corn & Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' Am. J. Ind. Med. 11(3):359-373 (1987), doi:10.1002/ajim.4700110311 [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB 1945 v2 LST design table (machinery data); shipscribe.com/usnaux/APB/APB41.html class notes (conversion scope); Corn & Starr abstract/article
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class/design inference for this hull: the LST-542 design is diesel-powered with no boilers (BuShips Ships' Data 1945 v2 design table), so the era's dominant steam-plant lagging pathway is narrowed; era-typical asbestos-relevant applications aboard diesel amphibious auxiliaries were engine-exhaust lagging, machinery gaskets and packing, deck coverings/tile, and bulkhead/accommodation insulation. The documented 1945 APB conversion (Quonset barracks huts, galley/bakery, refrigeration plant, ~250 added bunks) added interior accommodation insulation scope. Peer-reviewed scholarship documents extensive asbestos use in U.S. WWII shipbuilding generally.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1945 construction; 1945 conversion
- Population
- Construction/conversion trades (Bethlehem-Hingham 1944; Consolidated Steel Craig Yard 1945); ship's company and embarked transients
- Limitations
- Era/design inference only - no hull-specific material schedule, insulation survey, or installation record was located, and the conversion-notes source does not itself say 'asbestos.' Does not establish that asbestos was installed aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation for any individual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-07
-
[8]Cross-source reconciliation: NHHC UA 571.55 (1945-dated artifact); shipscribe APB-41 register; NavSource 10/16/160928; NavalCoverMuseum CAMERON APB 50 page; Wikipedia USS LST-928/Cameron infobox; shipbuildinghistory yard table; BOEM Alaska Shipwreck Table [other_primary]
- Locator
- Each source's designation/disposition fields as quoted in this record's other evidence rows and the search ledger
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Designation/date discrepancies across secondary sources, resolved as follows: (a) Reclassification/naming - NavSource states 'Reclassified ... APB-50, named USS Cameron, 1 July 1945'; shipscribe's register and NavalCoverMuseum give 1 Aug 1945 / August 1945; Wikipedia asserts the ship was only 'renamed Cameron' and reclassified on 1 July 1955. The NHHC photographic record (ev-02) is dated 1945 and already titles her USS Cameron (APB-50), so the 1945 reclassification controls; the Wikipedia 1955 date is inconsistent with the NHHC artifact and likely confuses the 1 July 1955 LST-designation revision reported while she was in reserve (NavalCoverMuseum). (b) Strike vs disposal - shipscribe's columns separate strike (1 May 59) from disposal (23 Jul 59, sold); NavSource prints 'Struck from the Naval Register, 23 July 1959,' conflating the disposal date as the strike date. (c) Disposition - shipbuildinghistory/Wikipedia state 'scrapped 1960,' contradicted by the published 1963 appellate opinion showing the hull in barge service and the federal BOEM wreck-table entry documenting loss by capsizing 25 May 1975. Secondary registries additionally supply details not verified against official records: NavSource gives Bethlehem-Hingham yard no. 3398, assignment to LST Flotilla 6 / Group 18 / Division 35, Iwo Jima operation dates 19 February-16 March 1945, a 1959 sale price of $131,000 to Pacific Inland Navigation Co., and the LST-configuration complement block (13 officers / 104 enlisted ship's company; troop berthing 16 officers / 147 enlisted); shipscribe class notes give ~340 transient accommodations added by the APB conversion.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1945-1975
- Limitations
- Resolves publication-level discrepancies: adopt 'reclassified APB-50 / named Cameron effective 1 Aug 1945' (shipscribe + NCM + NHHC 1945 artifact) over NavSource's '1 Jul 1945' and Wikipedia's '1 Jul 1955'; adopt strike 1 May 1959 with disposal/sale 23 Jul 1959; adopt final loss 25 May 1975 (BOEM) over 'scrapped 1960.' The reclassification's precise effective date (1 Aug vs other Aug dates) and the July-1955 reversion detail remain secondary-sourced - no primary reclassification directive was retrieved.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-08
-
[9]CourtListener API v4 opinion search, queries '"LST-928"', '"USS Cameron"', '"Kevalaska"' (see search_ledger for full list incl. remaining queries) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cameron-apb50-07 through sl-uss-cameron-apb50-10
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener authenticated API sweeps (2026-09-25): '"LST-928"' opinions -> 0 hits; '"USS Cameron"' opinions -> 0 hits; '"Kevalaska"' opinions -> 1 hit, Shaver Transportation Co. v. Alaska Freight Lines, 315 F.2d 97 (9th Cir. 1963) - admiralty/allision, classified OTHER LITIGATION, not asbestos. No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull was located.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Sweep covers opinions returned by exact-phrase queries on CourtListener only; it does not cover unindexed state dockets, complaints never reaching opinion, or non-CourtListener repositories. Absence of a docketed opinion is not proof no claim was ever filed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-09
-
[10]Batch-2408 search ledger (this record) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cameron-apb50-01 through sl-uss-cameron-apb50-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located for this hull: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos case naming LST-928, Cameron (APB-50), or the barge Kevalaska was found in the public sources searched (DANFS, NHHC photo catalog, BuShips Ships' Data, shipscribe register, NavSource, BOEM table, MARAD Vessel History public search, CourtListener).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944-built LST worked and then lost as a barge in 1975 is era-consistent with asbestos-containing construction; the hull is a sunken wreck so present-day ACM status is moot. Does not establish presence or absence and does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-10
-
[11]NARA record-group guidance - RG 24 (deck logs), RG 19 (BuShips), RG 181 (shore establishments); NARA military logbook research guidance [other_primary]
- Locator
- https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/019.html ; https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/181.html ; https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - require research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): NARA RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel) deck logs for LST-928 (1944-45) and Cameron APB-50 (1945-46) would document the conversion transit and any postwar employment; RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) holds conversion correspondence and plan files for the APB-41-group conversion pattern and would show the Craig Yard work scope; RG 181 (Naval Districts and Shore Establishments) may hold Long Beach-area yard liaison records; USCG merchant-vessel documentation history for Official No. 282136 (Kevalaska) follows from Merchant Vessels of the U.S. (1974 listing cited in the BOEM chain).
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-1975 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cameron-apb50-11