Evidence
15 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-15).
-
[1]research packet 878-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-canandaigua-pc1246-pkt-878-packet-md
-
[2]Naval History and Heritage Command, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS), Canandaigua IV (verified live 2026-10-03) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Canandaigua IV entry, full text (single paragraph)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC DANFS identifies the fourth Canandaigua as the renamed PC-1246: 'On 15 February 1956 PC-1246 (q.v.) was renamed Canandaigua.' The entry is a stub - the parenthetical 'q.v.' refers to a printed PC-1246 DANFS entry that does not resolve at the canonical online URL (404-verified 2026-10-03).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1956
- Limitations
- Establishes the 15 February 1956 naming and fourth-of-name identity only. The online entry contains no construction, service, complement, or disposal data for this hull; those rest on the other sources cited. No asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, Canandaigua (PC 1246) ex-PC-1246 page - compiled vessel record, specifications block, photographic record (page verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource PC-1246 page, specifications block + service chronology + photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled record for this hull: PC-461-class submarine chaser, the fourth Canandaigua; laid down 3 May 1943 by Nashville Bridge Co., Nashville, TN; launched 3 July 1943; commissioned USS PC-1246 on 29 November 1943 at New Orleans, LA; placed out of commission, in reserve, January 1947 at Green Cove Springs, FL; named Canandaigua 15 February 1956; struck from the Navy Register 1 February 1957 and sold for scrap. Specifications: 450 t; 173 ft 8 in x 23 ft x 10 ft 10 in; 20.2 kt; complement 65; armament one 3 in/50 dual-purpose mount, one 40 mm, five 20 mm, two depth-charge projectors, two depth-charge tracks, two Hedgehog depth-charge projectors; propulsion two 1,440 bhp General Motors 16-278A diesels (serial nos. 14233 and 14238), Farrel-Birmingham single reduction gear, two shafts. Photo captions place the ship en route to Oran, North Africa, and note financing through War Bonds of Davidson County, TN.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1957
- Population
- Nashville Bridge construction trades (1943); wartime and postwar crew (complement 65)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-compiled secondary archive citing Navy records - the de facto standard source for minor combatants, but not itself an official publication. Establishes construction, service milestones, and disposal chain; contains no asbestos or materials information. 'Sold for scrap' is carried here and by the NABRICO build table while the official NAVSEA table records the 1957 removal with disposition 'UNK' - see ev-09 and gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-02
-
[4]NARA Catalog, file unit 'USS PC-1246 - War Diary, 6/17-30/44' (NAID 78547090), RG 38 Records of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, series World War II War Diaries - digitized, image 0551 (page 1 of 2) and 0552 read directly [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78547090, digitized images A_1074/0551.jpg-0552.jpg (pages 1-2 of 2), Fold3 scan
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary ship-generated record, 17 June 1944, Lt. William Leigh Smith, USNR, commanding: the war diary opens with the vessel reporting for duty to CinCLant, and states the vessel 'was commissioned 29 November 1943 and has previously been employed by Commander, Gulf Sea Frontier, for five months and Commander, Eastern Sea Frontier, for one month.' The ship then commenced a yard overhaul at Pier 2, St. Helena Annex, Norfolk Navy Yard, Portsmouth, Va., availability until 2 July 1944. Work items listed: complete overhaul of auxiliaries; partial overhaul and progressive maintenance of main engines; installation of a flameproof transverse bulkhead in the 20MM magazine; Mk XIV sights on Nos. 2 and 3 20MM guns; ordnance alterations on the 3"/50; complete new antenna system; H/F and VH/F receiver-transmitter on the bridge; radar interrogator. The diary states 'The greater part of the work was performed by the yard force.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-06-17 to 1944-06-30
- Population
- Ship's company during Norfolk Navy Yard overhaul; NNSY yard force working the availability
- Limitations
- Establishes Gulf Sea Frontier (~5 months) and Eastern Sea Frontier (~1 month) employment, the CinCLant reporting, and the June 1944 Norfolk Navy Yard overhaul performed largely by the yard force - primary evidence of Navy-yard labor aboard/around this hull. The diary is an operational record: it does not mention asbestos, insulation, or any hazardous material, and no asbestos inference is drawn from the yard work itself. Both pages of this file unit were read; the July and August 1944 and March 1945 first pages were also read directly (ev-04, ev-05, ev-06); the remaining war-diary months were catalog-verified but not page-read.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-03
-
[5]NARA Catalog, file unit 'USS PC-1246 - War Diary, 7/1-31/44' (NAID 78572231), RG 38, World War II War Diaries - digitized, image 0664 (page 1) read directly [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78572231, digitized image A_1097/0664.jpg (page 1), Fold3 scan
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary ship-generated record, July 1944: overhaul completed at St. Helena Annex, Norfolk Navy Yard, 1 July (duty under CinCLant, temporarily attached to TF 29); stores, provisions and ammunition taken aboard at N.O.B. Norfolk 2-3 July; underway 0607 on 4 July joining TG 61.9 and TF 61 per CTF 29 dispatch 021645 of July 1944; 'Convoy UGS 47 of 70 Merchant Ships ... bound for Mediterranean and middle East Ports. This vessel assigned patrol sector in inner screen on port quarter of convoy. C.T.F. 61 in USCG CAMPBELL.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-07
- Population
- Ship's company on UGS-47 escort, July 1944
- Limitations
- Establishes the overhaul completion date, the UGS-47 transatlantic convoy-escort assignment, and the ship's station in the inner screen - ship-specific operational documentation. Operational record only: no asbestos, insulation, or materials content. First page read directly; full July file unit digitized (17 images on roll A_1097).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-04
-
[6]NARA Catalog, file unit 'USS PC-1246 - War Diary, 8/1-31/44' (NAID 78607264), RG 38, World War II War Diaries - digitized, image 0787 (page 1) read directly [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 78607264, digitized image A_1127/0787.jpg (page 1), Fold3 scan
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary ship-generated record, August 1944, Lt. William Leigh Smith, USNR, commanding: on arrival in the Mediterranean the vessel was 'Attached to the following echelon of command: Escort Sweeper Group, Eighth Amphibious Force, Eighth Fleet. Temporarily under operational control of the Commandant, NOB, Palermo, Sicily' under Operation plan 3-44, maintaining 'FOX' antisubmarine patrol across the entrance to Palermo Bay; moored at USNOB Palermo 4 August; drydocked in drydock #2 at USNOB Palermo 5-6 August, replacing a damaged port screw and accomplishing routine upkeep of bottom, struts, rudders, zincs, fairwaters and shafts; underway 7 August with PC-1244 (senior) escorting USS Yukon to Bizerte, Tunisia.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-08
- Population
- Ship's company, Palermo patrol and escort duty, August 1944
- Limitations
- Establishes the Mediterranean operating pattern from August 1944 - Palermo-based antisubmarine harbor-entrance patrol, a USNOB Palermo drydocking for screw replacement and bottom upkeep, and convoy escort to Bizerte. Operational record only: no asbestos, insulation, or materials content - the drydock work listed hull/propeller items, not insulation. First page read directly; full August file unit digitized (12 images, roll A_1127).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-05
-
[7]NARA Catalog, file unit 'USS PC-1246 - War Diary, 3/1-31/45' (NAID 633399338), RG 38, World War II War Diaries - digitized, image 0314 (page 1) read directly [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAID 633399338, digitized image rg-038/4697018/1526/0314.jpg (page 1), Fold3 scan
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Primary ship-generated record, March 1945, Lt. (D) John R. McLane, Jr., USNR, commanding: on 1 March 1945 the vessel was 'Attached to the following echelon of Command: PC Unit, Amphibious Force, United States Eighth Fleet' under Eighth Fleet Operation Order No. 2-45 and Amphibious Force Operation Order A-45, moored at Pier 5, Palermo, Sicily; on 3 March McLane relieved Lt. William L. Smith in command per BuPers orders dated 19 February 1945; on 4-5 March she sailed with PC-1174 (senior), PC-1244 and PC-1168 to Leghorn, Italy, mooring at berth 51 and reporting to ComLSTFLOT 1 (CTG 81.13) and NOIC Leghorn for temporary duty.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1945-03
- Population
- Ship's company, Mediterranean service early 1945
- Limitations
- Establishes sustained Mediterranean service through at least March 1945 - Eighth Fleet amphibious-force assignment at Palermo and temporary duty at Leghorn. Operational record only: no asbestos, insulation, or materials content. First page read directly; the March file unit is digitized (4+ images, roll A_1526). War diaries for this hull run June 1944 through March 1945 only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-06
-
[8]NARA Catalog, file unit 'PC-1246, 11/29/43-7/1/46' (NAID 192144253), RG 24 Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, series Muster Rolls of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Other Naval Activities - 37 digitized images [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA Catalog NAID 192144253 (37 digitized images, Ancestry partnership scan set)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Digitized primary crew records exist for this hull: muster rolls of USS PC-1246 covering 29 November 1943 (commissioning) through 1 July 1946 are digitized at NARA (37 images, scanned via the Ancestry partnership). Muster rolls name every crew member aboard by reporting period - the population record for any future ship-specific exposure research or claim verification.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- All hands aboard PC-1246, 1943-11-29 through 1946-07-01 (roster-level)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the images were located but not transcribed or reviewed page-by-page. Muster rolls document who served aboard, not materials aboard - they contain no asbestos, insulation, or occupational-hazard information. Rolls after 1 July 1946 (through January 1947 decommissioning) were not located in this search.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-07
-
[9]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS PC-1246 (PC-1246) page - build data, commanding officers, notable events including the Convoy UGS-47 escort record (verified live 2026-10-03) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net PC-1246 warship page, build/commands table + notable events (UGS-47 section)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled wartime record for this hull: ordered 27 February 1942; built by Nashville Bridge Co.; laid down 3 May 1943; launched 3 July 1943; commissioned 29 November 1943; end service January 1947; stricken 1 February 1957. Commanding officers listed: Lt. William Leigh Smith, USNR (29 Nov 1943 - 3 Mar 1945); John R. McLane, Jr., USNR (3 Mar 1945 - mid 1945); William G. Mann, Jr., USNR (mid 1945 - early 1946). The notable-events section carries PC-1246 (Lt. W.L. Smith) among the patrol vessels escorting Convoy UGS-47 departing Hampton Roads 4 July 1944 'on passage to the Mediterranean' - consistent with the ship's own war diary (ev-04).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1957
- Population
- Wartime crew under three successive commanding officers, 1943-1946
- Limitations
- uboat.net is a long-established secondary research compilation; its build/command data and UGS-47 escort listing are corroborated here by the ship's own war diaries (ev-03, ev-04, ev-05, ev-06), which are the carried primary source for the service arc. Establishes command succession and convoy-escort context only; no asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-08
-
[10]Naval Sea Systems Command, Inactive Ships (Ship History), dated 28 June 2011, PC hull block (~p. 73) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAVSEA Inactive Ships table, row 'PC 1246' (PC hull block, ~p. 73; verified via firecrawl extraction 2026-10-03)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The NAVSEA inactive-ship table lists hull ID PC 1246, hull name CANANDAIGUA, removal date 15-Oct-57, and final disposition 'UNK' (unknown). The official table confirms the 1957 removal and the Canandaigua name assignment but does not confirm the scrap-sale category that NavSource ('sold for scrap') and the NABRICO build table ('scrapped 1957') carry.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1957
- Limitations
- Confirms the administrative removal date (15 October 1957), the name, and the recorded disposition category only; it does not identify a purchaser, exact scrapping date or place, or asbestos content. The 'UNK' category leaves the disposal method officially unconfirmed - the scrap sale rests on secondary compilations.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-09
-
[11]shipbuildinghistory.com, Nashville Bridge (NABRICO) construction table - PC 1246 row [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipbuildinghistory.com NABRICO boats table, 'PC 1246' row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The builder's compiled construction record lists PC 1246, owner US Navy, type Sub Chaser, 463 GT, delivered 29-Nov-43 (the commissioning date), disposition 'Named Canandaigua 1956, scrapped 1957.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1957
- Population
- Nashville Bridge construction workforce, 1943
- Limitations
- Private shipbuilding-history compilation - corroborative context for builder identity, delivery date, and the 1956 naming + 1957 scrapping chain; not an official record. Table lists gross tonnage (463) and a 110-ft commercial-register figure inconsistent with Naval characteristics (450 t / 173 ft 8 in per NavSource) - the Naval figures are carried. No asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-10
-
[12]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section (full report PDF: gao.gov/assets/hrd-80-2.pdf)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed Navy efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure (fieldwork at Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards) and documented that asbestos insulation was used extensively in Navy ships, that the Navy's 1975 policy removed only damaged insulation or insulation requiring removal for repairs, and that substitution with nonasbestos materials did not begin until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's construction (1943) and entire U.S. service era (1943-47). The Norfolk fieldwork yard is the same Norfolk Navy Yard that performed this hull's June-July 1944 overhaul (ev-03).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era and yard context only, not any fact specific to this hull. GAO's Norfolk findings concern the shipyard's asbestos practices generally, not this vessel's overhaul specifically. Product page verified via firecrawl 2026-10-03 (direct fetch returns HTTP 403 to automated clients - standing gao.gov behavior).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-11
-
[13]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (2 x GM 16-278A diesels, Farrel-Birmingham gear, 2 shafts - no steam plant); shipbuildinghistory.com NABRICO yard table (PC-1246 construction record); GAO HRD-80-2 Navy-wide asbestos-use era (see ev-11) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource PC-1246 specifications block; shipbuildinghistory.com NABRICO boats table (PC-1246 row); GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel-hulled diesel submarine chaser built 1943 sits inside the documented Navy asbestos-use era. As a diesel vessel she carried no boilers or steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply. Era-standard applications aboard a patrol craft of this type and period were engine and diesel-exhaust insulation/lagging, gaskets, valve and flange packing, electrical insulation, and compartment insulation where fitted, in a small 173-ft hull with confined below-deck machinery spaces.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1957
- Population
- Nashville Bridge construction trades (1943); crew (1943-47 active, 1947-57 reserve); NNSY yard force (Jun-Jul 1944 overhaul); scrapping/disposal workers
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, build specification, or work package located for PC-1246. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity. Product names are normalized era terms; no manufacturer attribution for this hull. The documented Norfolk Navy Yard overhaul does not convert this inference into hull evidence - the war diary records work items without materials identification.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-12
-
[14]EPA Superfund site profile, NORFOLK NAVAL SHIPYARD (VA1170024813), listed 1999; NAVFAC Norfolk NSY Site Descriptions page; Atlas yard record 'norfolk-naval-shipyard' (shipyards.json) [other_primary]
- Locator
- EPA Superfund profile VA1170024813; shipyards.json 'norfolk-naval-shipyard' evidence rows ev-01 (Superfund/asbestos in site wastes) and product list; NAVFAC Norfolk NSY Site Descriptions
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Norfolk Naval Shipyard - the yard that performed this hull's documented June-July 1944 overhaul at St. Helena Annex (ev-03) - is a listed Superfund site (EPA VA1170024813) and its Atlas yard record documents yard-level asbestos products (Thermobestos, Marinite, Transite, Kaylo, pipe insulation and lagging, gaskets, packing, deck coverings, bulkhead fire barriers, and others) and asbestos disposal in site wastes per NAVFAC site descriptions. GAO's asbestos-era fieldwork also covered this yard (ev-11).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944 (availability); 1979-1999 (documentation)
- Population
- NNSY yard workforce performing the 1944 availability; ship's company present during overhaul
- Limitations
- Yard-level context only: documents that the overhaul yard had documented asbestos use and contamination - it does not establish asbestos aboard PC-1246, does not identify which materials the 1944 yard force installed or disturbed on this hull, and does not establish exposure for any individual. EPA profile URL carried from the Atlas yard record (cumulis.epa.gov); NAVFAC site-description page cited in the yard record. GAO Norfolk fieldwork is program-level.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-13
-
[15]Batch-7742 search ledger (this record): DANFS Canandaigua IV entry; NavSource hull page; uboat.net warship record; NARA Catalog muster rolls and ten war-diary file units (four file units page-read); NAVSEA inactive-ships table; NABRICO build table; NVR check; GAO HRD-80-2; CourtListener API v4 exact-name and hull-number searches (opinion + docket) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-01 through sl-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming PC-1246 or Canandaigua was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The reviewed sources - including the ship's own war diaries and muster rolls - contain no asbestos or materials identification. The hull does not appear on the current Naval Vessel Register. Secondary-web 'asbestos' hits for this class are law-firm marketing content only - excluded by source policy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-consistent inference (ev-12) and the documented overhaul at an asbestos-documented yard (ev-13) stand as context. Muster rolls and war diaries establish the crew population and operating record but contain no materials data; build-specification files (NARA RG 19/RG 24 leads) were not retrieved. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-canandaigua-pc1246-14