Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
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[1]DANFS, Candid (AM-154) (builder, dates, service narrative, lend-lease transfer; verbatim NHHC text via Wayback capture of history.navy.mil/danfs/c2/candid.htm - all live NHHC URL variants return 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Candid' (AM-154), specifications block + service narrative (Wayback capture of history.navy.mil/danfs/c2/candid.htm, 2004-03-15)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: launched 14 October 1942 by Willamette Iron and Steel Corp., Portland, Oreg.; commissioned 31 October 1943, Lieutenant E. G. Bemis, USNR, in command. Sailed from San Francisco 28 February 1944 for duty in Alaskan waters - escorting convoys, conducting patrols, and sweeping mines to fog-bound Aleutian ports, supporting Army units on isolated islands and backing up naval attacks on the Kurile Islands. Returned to San Francisco 18 August 1944; two weeks later got underway for the Marshall Islands for operations there and in the Marianas, providing local escort services during base consolidation. On 16 April 1945 cleared for Seattle and an overhaul, then sailed to Cold Bay, Alaska, to train Russian seamen. Decommissioned 16 August 1945 and transferred to the U.S.S.R. under lend-lease the next day; reclassified MSF-154 on 7 February 1955. Spec block: dp. 945; l. 184'6"; b. 33'; dr. 9'9"; s. 14 k.; cpl. 104; a. 1 3"; cl. Admirable.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Willamette Iron and Steel construction trades 1942-43; wartime crew (design complement 104)
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and specifications, not materials or asbestos content. DANFS does not print a laid-down date (27 April 1942 rests on NAVSHIPS 250-011 and NavSource) and does not give the Soviet designation. The hazegray transcription of this same entry carries a transcriber typo ('1946' for the decommissioning year) and a transcriber's note asserting Soviet name 'T-594' - the archived NHHC text itself reads 16 August 1945 and is the version carried; the T-283/T-594 conflict is logged in gaps. Live NHHC page 404s on all URL variants tried (standing batch-01 defect).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-candid-am154-01
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[2]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. II: Mine Vessels (less DM and CM), Patrol Vessels, Landing Ships and Craft, NAVSHIPS 250-011, 13 April 1945 (GPO 1945; scan via shipscribe.com) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAVSHIPS 250-011, Mine Vessels - Mine Sweepers (AM) tables: builder/date table and propulsion/generator table (AM154 CANDID rows) + AM136-165 class characteristics block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The official 1945 BuShips register names CANDID, official number AM154, in the mine-sweeper tables: builder Willamette Iron & Steel Corp., Portland, Ore.; keel laid 27 April 1942; launched 14 October 1942; date of first commission 31 October 1943; engine manufacturer/model 'Alco 539', shaft horsepower 1,710, 'F.B.' (Farrel-Birmingham) single reduction gear; three ship's-service generators (450 V A.C. / 120 V D.C.). The AM136-165 class characteristics block prints: 2 propellers, diesel drive with single reduction gears; length 184'6" o.a., 180'0" w.l.; extreme beam 33'0"; full-load displacement 945 tons (at limiting draft); trial speed 14.8 knots; total accommodations 11 officers + 93 enlisted; armament 1 x 3"/50 cal. D.P. and 2 twin 40mm A.A. mounts.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1945 (register data as of 13 April 1945)
- Population
- Willamette Iron & Steel construction trades 1942-43; wartime crew
- Limitations
- Contemporaneous official register - establishes identity, builder, construction dates, and propulsion for this hull; contains no materials or asbestos information. The class block prints 'Diesel' (geared) drive for AM136-165, not 'diesel-electric' - secondary summaries (e.g., the HyperWar data card, 'diesel-electric engines, twin screws, 1,800 h.p.') conflict with this table; the official table is carried and the conflict logged in gaps. The 1,710 figure is the class-table shaft-horsepower entry and is not labeled per-engine or aggregate. OCR noise in the scanned table (e.g., 'AM164', 'CANDD') does not affect the row's substance.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-candid-am154-02
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[3]Richard A. Russell, Project Hula: Secret Soviet-American Cooperation in the War Against Japan, Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy, 1997 (The U.S. Navy in the Modern World Series no. 4; ISBN 0-945274-35-1; PDF via ibiblio HyperWar mirror) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Appendix table, AM minesweeper section (Candid (AM 154) / T-283 / 17 Aug. / 1958-stricken) + return-negotiations narrative at pp. 37-38
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official NHC monograph documents this hull's transfer: the appendix table 'U.S. Navy Combatant Ships Transferred to the USSR Under Project HULA, May-September 1945' lists Candid (AM 154) -> Soviet designation T-283, transfer date 17 August 1945, disposition '1958-stricken'. Program context: minesweepers (24 AM) were among the 149 vessels transferred at Cold Bay after Soviet-crew familiarization training; the United States opened return negotiations in February 1946, and on 8 May 1947 Secretary of the Navy Forrestal asked the State Department to seek return of 480 of the 585 transferred combatant ships; by the mid-1950s the Navy judged the hulls worthless and accepted 'witnessed destruction' settlements; ONI reported only nine Admirable-class minesweepers among Project Hula ships still serviceable. Candid was never returned.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1945-1958 (transfer and Soviet service); return negotiations 1946-1972
- Population
- U.S. crew through 16 August 1945; Soviet Navy crew 1945-1958
- Limitations
- Authoritative on the transfer program, Soviet-side designation (T-283), and 1958 disposition; contains no materials or asbestos information. Soviet service detail between 1945 and 1958 (Pacific Fleet assignment, hydrographic conversion/name) is not covered at hull level - those details rest on NavSource. '1958-stricken' is compatible with NavSource's 'scrapped 11 March 1958' but conflicts with the hazegray DANFS transcriber note ('T-594', 'allegedly scrapped 1956'); Russell is the official source and is carried.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-candid-am154-03
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[4]NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive, Candid (MSF 154) ex-AM-154, ex-AMc-131 (photo/data archive page; live site unreachable from this host, read via Wayback capture 2025-01-25) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource AM-154 archive page, ship history block + specifications block + CO roster + photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource archive record for this hull: originally planned as coastal minesweeper Candid (AMc-131); reclassified AM-154 on 21 February 1942; laid down 27 April 1942 by Willamette Iron and Steel Corp., Portland, OR; launched 14 October 1942; commissioned USS Candid (AM 154) on 31 October 1943; decommissioned 16 August 1945 at Cold Bay, AK; transferred to the Soviet Union 17 August 1945 and reclassified T-283; assigned to the Soviet Pacific Fleet 3 September 1945; reclassified a hydrographic vessel 28 June 1947 and named Horizon; U.S. reclassification MSF-154 on 7 February 1955; scrapped 11 March 1958; struck from the Naval Register 1 January 1983. Spec block (650 t.; 184'6" x 33' x 9'9"; 14.8 kts; complement 104; 1 x 3"/50 DP, two twin 40mm, hedgehog, two depth-charge tracks; two ALCO 539 diesels, Farrel-Birmingham single reduction gear, two shafts) is consistent with the official NAVSHIPS table where they overlap. Commanding officers: LCDR Edwin George Bemis, USNR (31 October 1943 - 1 August 1944); LT Charles Bradford Hinton, USNR (1 August 1944 - 16 August 1945). Photo log cites U.S. Navy photos 754-44/757-44/758-44 (San Francisco, 1 February 1944) and National Archives photos 19-LCM-AM154-2 and -3 (c. June 1944, camouflage 32/21D).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1942-1983 (compiled)
- Population
- Construction trades 1942-43; wartime and Soviet crews
- Limitations
- Private photo/data archive, not an official source: Soviet-service details (Pacific Fleet assignment 3 September 1945; hydrographic-vessel reclassification and name Horizon 28 June 1947; scrapping date 11 March 1958; U.S. striking 1 January 1983) rest on a secondary compilation - consistent with Russell where the two overlap (T-283; 1958 disposition) but not independently corroborated by an official source. No materials or asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-candid-am154-04
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[5]Albina Engine & Machine v. Director, Office of Workers' Compensation Programs, 627 F.3d 1293 (9th Cir. 2010), No. 09-70592 [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion text, 627 F.3d 1293 at 1296-1297 (Background; employment dates; stipulation)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Published appellate opinion records an LHWCA death-benefits claim by the widow of James McAllister, a shipyard carpenter who died of mesothelioma from asbestos exposure across three shipyard employers: Willamette Iron & Steel Co. ('WISCO'), Albina Engine & Machine, and Lockheed Shipbuilding. All parties stipulated the death was caused by asbestos exposure at a maritime situs; the opinion notes 'WISCO admitted that Decedent was exposed to asbestos in its employ.' WISCO is the builder of this hull (the Atlas yard dataset lists 'WISCO' as an alias of Willamette Iron & Steel Corp., Portland, OR). The Ninth Circuit resolved only which employer was liable for benefits under the last-employer framework, holding Lockheed liable.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1956-1960 (employment); 2010 (opinion)
- Population
- Willamette Iron & Steel shipyard workers (1956 employment window documented)
- Limitations
- Yard-level context, not a hull finding: McAllister's WISCO employment was in 1956 - more than a decade after this hull's 1942-43 construction - so the documented exposure window does not overlap the build period. The opinion names the employer, not AM-154, and adjudicates an LHWCA liability-allocation question only; exposure at WISCO was stipulated/admitted, not tried. Does not establish conditions aboard any vessel or during the wartime window. CourtListener API was unavailable on 2026-09-22 (shared daily quota exhausted); opinion read via vLex.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-candid-am154-05
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[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program and its 1975/1979 insulation-removal policies covering the WWII-built fleet - program-level confirmation that Navy ship construction of Candid's era incorporated asbestos insulation and that the material was managed as a known hazard aboard Navy vessels.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation, not hull-specific; establishes era context for WWII Navy construction, not materials aboard AM-154 - which left U.S. custody in August 1945 and never entered a U.S. yard asbestos program. Does not establish individual exposure, quantities, or presence at any time. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-candid-am154-06
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[7]Batch-1178 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (live + Wayback capture), NAVSHIPS 250-011 Ships' Data 1945, NHC Project Hula monograph, Naval Vessel Register, NavSource archive, CourtListener opinion/docket indexes, NARA catalog, general web index [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-candid-am154-01 through sl-uss-candid-am154-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS Candid under AM-154, AMc-131, MSF-154, or Soviet T-283 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener API sweep could not be completed on 2026-09-22 (authenticated 2,800/day quota exhausted on the shared key); web-index spot checks surfaced only law-firm marketing listicles that name the vessel without evidence.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-22
- Study period
- 2026-09-22
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull was built 1942-43 at a yard later documented as an asbestos-litigation site (post-war window), and its entire post-1945 life was in Soviet hands, a Western-documentation blind spot: any Soviet-era maintenance, survey, or scrapping record is outside the sources searched. Does not establish that asbestos is or was not present; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. CourtListener sweep remains open - logged as a gap, not a clean negative.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-candid-am154-07