Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]CourtListener opinion search: 'USS Card' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search 'USS Card' returned 137 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed; name query may match same-named vessels
- Evidence ID
- uss-card-cve11-cl-name-opinion
-
[2]CourtListener docket search: 'USS Card' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener docket search 'USS Card' returned 7783 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed; name query may match same-named vessels
- Evidence ID
- uss-card-cve11-cl-name-docket
-
[3]CourtListener opinion search: 'CVE-11' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search 'CVE-11' returned 390 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed
- Evidence ID
- uss-card-cve11-cl-hull-opinion
-
[4]CourtListener docket search: 'CVE-11' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener docket search 'CVE-11' returned 8436 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed
- Evidence ID
- uss-card-cve11-cl-hull-docket
-
[5]DANFS, USS Card (CVE-11) entry (verbatim transcription; live NHHC page returned 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS CVE-11 entry, spec block and service paragraphs
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS documents: launched as AVG-11 on 21 February 1942 by Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corp., Tacoma, Wash., under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by Mrs. J. Perry; reclassified ACV-11 20 August 1942; commissioned 8 November 1942, Captain J. B. Sykes in command. Spec block: 9,800 tons, cpl. 890, class Bogue. After Hampton Roads arrival 1 February 1943 and a Casablanca ferry voyage (14 May-1 June), she was reclassified CVE-11 15 July 1943 and sailed as flagship of hunter-killer TG 21.14: first cruise 27 July-10 September 1943, her planes sank U-117 (7 Aug), U-664 (9 Aug), U-525 (11 Aug), U-847 (27 Aug); second cruise 25 September-9 November, her planes sank U-460 and U-422 (4 Oct), U-402 (13 Oct), U-584 (31 Oct), and escort Borie (DD-215) rammed and sank U-405 (1 Nov), Borie herself lost; Presidential Unit Citation for 27 July-25 October 1943. Third cruise from 24 November: wolf-pack night action 23 December, Schenck (DD-159) sank U-645 while Leary (DD-158) was sunk; Norfolk return 2 January 1944. Transport duty Norfolk-Casablanca 18 March-17 May 1944, overhaul, then nucleus of TG 22.10 - escorts Thomas (DE-102) and Baker (DE-190) sank a U-boat 5 July 1944 (DANFS prints U-288; see gaps), 30 survivors landed at Boston. Caribbean patrol 10 July-23 August; TG 22.2 Azores patrols from 18 September and 1 December 1944-22 January 1945, attack with British Escort Group 9 on 12 October; Philadelphia Naval Shipyard overhaul until 7 February 1945; Liverpool transport run; Quonset Point pilot qualifications 21 March-24 May; Panama Canal transit for Pearl Harbor/Guam materiel runs; three Magic Carpet voyages 21 August-16 December 1945; out of commission in reserve at Norfolk 13 May 1946. Reclassified CVHE-11 12 June 1955, CVU-11 1 July 1958, AKV-40 7 May 1959; stricken 15 September 1970; sold (DANFS prints 28 April 1971 - see gaps). Three battle stars in addition to the PUC.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1941-1971
- Population
- Crew (~890) plus embarked composite squadrons; escort crews of TG 21.14/22.10/22.2
- Limitations
- Authoritative Navy history for construction, combat record, overhauls, and reclassifications; contains no insulation, material, or asbestos information. DANFS's 'U-288' for the 5 July 1944 kill conflicts with modern references (U-233) and its '28 April 1971' sale date conflicts with the MARAD-derived record (14 May 1971) - both flagged in gaps, neither silently corrected.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-01
-
[6]NavSource Online, Escort Carrier Photo Archive, USS Card (ACV-11/CVE-11/CVHE-11/CVU-11/AKV-40) - building data, MSTS service, fate, photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource CVE-11 page, Operational and Building Data block, unit-awards bar, photo captions incl. scrapping section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NavSource building data documents: Maritime Commission hull 178, type C3-S-A1; acquired by the Navy 1 May 1942; AVG-11, ACV-11 (20 August 1942), CVE-11 (15 July 1943), CVHE-11 (12 June 1955), (T-)CVU-11 (1 July 1958), (T-)AKV-40 (7 May 1959); commissioned 8 November 1942; decommissioned 13 May 1946; first CVE awarded the Presidential Unit Citation; reactivated 16 May 1958 as an aircraft transport under MSTS control with a civilian crew; Reserve Fleet Beaumont, TX, 8 March-15 May 1963; mined and sunk while moored in Saigon, Vietnam, 2 May 1964, five crew killed, raised 19 May and returned to service 11 December; entered the Reserve Fleet, Olympia, WA, 10 March 1970; stricken 15 September 1970; advertised for scrap under PD-X-905 dated 20 April 1971, opened 11 May 1971, sold to Zidell Explorations, Inc. for $93,899.99 under contract MA-6332 14 May 1971, withdrawn 9 June 1971. Photo captions document: off Norfolk Navy Yard 26 March 1943 'still not complete' after commissioning; the 1964 Saigon sinking and pump-out salvage; F-4 Phantoms in cocoon wrap on deck at Subic Bay 1969; cutting-up at Clatskanie, OR. Class specifications: 7,800 tons standard / 15,700 full load; 2 boilers (285 psi), 1 steam turbine, 1 shaft, 8,500 shp; 16.5 knots; crew 890.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1941-1971
- Population
- MSTS civilian crew (1958-1970); salvage workforce (1964); Zidell dismantlement workforce (1971)
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary source consistent with DANFS on all overlapping facts; MC hull, MSTS reactivation, Beaumont layup, sinking/salvage, and MARAD disposal details are NavSource/MARAD-caption sourced (DANFS ends at the sale line). Builder city printed 'Seattle' - DANFS and the shipbuildinghistory Todd Tacoma hull table place the physical yard at Tacoma (see gaps). No insulation/asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-02
-
[7]Military Sealift Command, 'MSC75 Blast from the Past - USNS Card (T-AKV 40)', DVIDS story 464828 (official MSC public affairs, 27 Feb 2024) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DVIDS story 464828, body text (attack, casualties, salvage, return to service, reserve-fleet dates)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official MSC account documents: on 2 May 1964 USNS Card (T-AKV 40) became the first major U.S. vessel sunk by enemy action during the Vietnam War; the civilian-crewed aircraft ferry had made several voyages to Saigon carrying helicopters, planes, and vehicles, and had just unloaded helicopters and fighter-bombers from Manila when Viet Cong frogmen planted an explosive charge below the waterline near the engine room, killing five crewmen; flooding in the engine compartment was stopped and stabilized with the ship settled on the bottom; raised 19 May, towed to Subic Bay and then Yokosuka for repairs; returned to service 11 December and continued helicopter transport support to Vietnam through the decade; entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet at Olympia 10 March 1970, withdrawn 9 June 1971.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1964 (attack/salvage/repair); 1958-1970 (MSTS career)
- Population
- MSTS civilian crew aboard 2 May 1964 (5 killed); salvage and repair workforce at Saigon, Subic Bay, and Yokosuka (1964)
- Limitations
- Official command public-affairs retrospective for the sinking/salvage event and MSTS career outline; contains no insulation, material, or asbestos information, and does not detail the repair scope at Subic Bay/Yokosuka - the rebuild's material disturbance is documented as an event, its insulation scope is not.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-03
-
[8]Bartholomew & Milwee, 'Mud, Muscle, and Miracles: Marine Salvage in the United States Navy' (NAVSEA/SUPSALV-published salvage history) - USNS Card Saigon salvage coverage; cited by NavSource caption for the 1964 pump-out photograph [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource photo caption NS0301154 sourcing line; book record not opened
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The Navy's published salvage history covers the 1964 Saigon refloating of USNS Card - the published source nearest to a salvage work-record for this hull's largest documented material-disturbance event (mined, sunk, pumped out, raised, towed to Subic Bay and Yokosuka for repair).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1964
- Population
- Salvage workforce, Saigon 1964
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the volume is cited by NavSource for a salvage photograph but was not retrieved in full this pass; whether it details insulation, machinery-space restoration, or material removal scope is unknown. Even if detailed, a salvage narrative would document repair scope, not asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-04
-
[9]U.S. Navy, Bureau of Ships Technical Manual, NAVSHIPS 250-000, Chapter 39 'Thermal Insulation' (1960, page date 15 April 1959) - specification-level document for Navy shipboard insulation materials [other_primary]
- Locator
- BuShips TM ch.39, sections 39-11 through 39-13 (materials)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The 1960 BuShips Technical Manual's insulation chapter enumerates the asbestos material suite standard to Navy steam plants of this hull's construction era: MIL-I-2781 pipe covering including 85% magnesia 'formed from a combination of 85 percent magnesium carbonate with about 15 percent asbestos fiber' and a class 'formed from a uniform mixture of amosite asbestos fibers'; roll asbestos felt MIL-I-15091; asbestos cloth/tape SS-C-466 (80-95% chrysotile) as lagging; asbestos millboard HH-M-351; asbestos finishing cement; molded asbestos block for high-temperature service. This hull's two Foster-Wheeler boilers, single Allis-Chalmers geared turbine set, and associated steam piping are the equipment classes these specifications cover.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1960 (manual); describes era-standard specifications
- Population
- Construction trades (Tacoma, 1941-42); crew (1942-46); MSTS civilian crew, reactivation workforce, and salvage/repair workforce (1958-1970)
- Limitations
- Specification-level documentation of materials the Navy specified, not a ship-specific installation record - establishes the era insulation suite, not what was installed on this hull. Keel-to-commissioning window (1941-42) is inside the asbestos-spec period; the 1958 MSTS reactivation and the 1964 sinking/salvage/rebuild are further material-disturbance events whose insulation scope is undocumented. Retrieved PDF is a scan hosted in the Garlock bankruptcy Daubert-appendix repository; the document itself is the government manual (same scan verified legible in batch-54 and batch-66 records, 2026-09-18).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-05
-
[10]Port of Tacoma v. Todd Shipyards Corp. et al., No. 3:08-cv-05132-BHS (W.D. Wash.), Order approving TSC settlement (Doc. 139, 2010-09-09); allegations recited from Port's CERCLA contribution complaint (Doc. 58) [court_record]
- Locator
- Order Doc. 139 at 1-3; complaint summary Doc. 58 (Shipbuilding Site, 1916-1946)
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- A W.D. Wash. order recites the Port of Tacoma's CERCLA/MTCA contribution allegations that Todd Shipyards Corporation owned and operated parcels near the mouth of the Hylebos Waterway in Tacoma - 'the Shipbuilding Site' - from 1916 through 1946, and that Todd's shipbuilding operations disposed of contaminated material and hazardous substances into the waterway. The Shipbuilding Site is the Commencement Bay yard where this hull was built; a settlement releasing TSC (Todd) was approved.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1916-1946 site era; litigation 2005-2010
- Population
- Todd Tacoma yard workforce (allegation-level)
- Limitations
- Establishes the builder's site identity and operating era (1916-1946) at the location of construction. The litigated contaminants were listed hazardous substances (metals, PAHs, PCBs) - asbestos is not among the recited substances; the order recites allegations for settlement approval, not findings of contamination or exposure. No individual or hull-level exposure is established.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-06
-
[11]Herring v. Texaco, Inc., 161 Wn.2d 189, 165 P.3d 4 (Wash. 2007) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion, 161 Wn.2d 189 (No. 78774-3)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Washington Supreme Court opinion documents that Roger Herring worked for subcontractors at Todd Shipyards sites in the 1960s-early 1970s, developed pleural thickening (1986), asbestosis (~1989), and fatal mesothelioma (2002), and that his suit against Todd was barred because his asbestos claims were discharged in Todd's 1987 Chapter 11 bankruptcy (published-notice sufficiency was the litigated issue). Documents that occupational asbestos-exposure claims were litigated against this hull's builder corporate family in the postwar era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1960s-2007
- Population
- Todd Shipyards subcontractor worker (mesothelioma)
- Limitations
- Yard/corporate-level litigation at Todd's Puget Sound operations post-dating this hull's construction era; does not name this hull, does not adjudicate exposure aboard any specific vessel, and Herring's claim was barred on bankruptcy-discharge grounds - a merits-level negative for that plaintiff, not affirmative exposure evidence. Construction-era (1941-42) conditions at the Tacoma yard are not addressed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-07
-
[12]Batch-236 search ledger (this record): DANFS/NavSource/navypedia/shipbuildinghistory ship records; official MSC/DVIDS account; CourtListener API + domain-index sweeps by exact name and hull number; builder-yard litigation verification; NVR check [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-card-cve11-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, insulation specification, abatement contract, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Card / USNS Card (CVE-11, T-CVU-11, T-AKV-40, AVG/ACV-11) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). Litigation-index sweeps by exact ship name and hull number surfaced unrelated naval-vessel asbestos matters (a submarine reactor operator's Crane Co. motion; a USS Cascade (AD-16) removal fight; an MDL-875 Portsmouth Naval Shipyard order; the Siegfried/Owens-Illinois vessel list, which does not include this hull) and generic 'Card' strings - name collisions, not this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 2026-09-19
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1941-42 Tacoma construction plus the 1958 MSTS reactivation and the 1964 sinking/salvage/rebuild sit inside the era-insulation picture and the negative reflects record availability, not hull condition. CourtListener API was rate-limited (HTTP 429, 125/day cap) on 2026-09-19; the domain-restricted index sweep is a degraded but honest substitute, logged in the ledger. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-card-cve11-08