Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
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[1]research packet lo-packet.md (4 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: USS Carpellotti DE-720 → VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-carpellotti-de720-pkt-lo-packet-md
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[2]DANFS, 'Carpellotti' (APD-136) entry, NHHC (verbatim text via Internet Archive capture 2025-02-02; live history.navy.mil page serves 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, spec block + full narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull. Spec block: 'APD-136: dp. 1,450; l. 306'; b. 37'; dr. 13'; s. 24 k.; cpl. 204; a. 1 5"; cl. Crosley.' Namesake PFC Louis J. Carpellotti, USMC (b. 13 Feb 1918, Old Forge, PA; KIA Tulagi 7 Aug 1942 leading a flanking detachment; posthumous Silver Star). 'The name Carpellotti was assigned to hull DE-548 but construction was canceled prior to her launching.' Launched 10 March 1945 by DeFoe Shipbuilding Co., Bay City, Mich.; sponsored by Mrs. S. Carpellotti; commissioned 30 July 1945, LCDR J. V. Brown, USNR, in command. Completed too late for WWII; Atlantic Fleet based on Norfolk; midshipman's cruise to English and French ports 24 Jun-2 Aug 1947; immobilized with skeleton crew at Yorktown, VA until 3 Feb 1948; amphibious assault exercises east coast and Caribbean; midshipman cruises to European ports; 1948 good-will tour to Persian Gulf; NATO 'Mainbrace' 1952; 6th Fleet Mediterranean tours 1955 and 1957; placed out of commission in reserve at Norfolk 21 April 1958.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1958
- Population
- Defoe Shipbuilding construction trades 1944-45; crew 1945-58 (design complement 204) plus embarked troops
- Limitations
- DANFS documents identity and service history, not materials or asbestos content. This entry does not state a laid-down date, the DE-720->APD-136 redesignation date, the striking date, or the disposal chain - those fields rely on NavSource/secondary sources and carry their own conflicts (see gaps). Live NHHC URL returns 404; cited via a 2025-02-02 Wayback capture.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-carpellotti-de720-01
-
[3]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS Carpellotti (APD-136) - ship record and spec block (volunteer-compiled archive from official records) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource APD-136 page: construction/disposal chronology + 'APD Specifications' block + BuShips photo BS 91193 caption
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Ship record and technical spec block for this hull: laid down 10 October 1944 as a Crosley-class high-speed transport at Defoe Shipbuilding Co., Bay City, MI; launched 10 March 1945; commissioned 30 July 1945; Navy Occupation Service Medal (Europe) service windows 6 Oct 1952-26 Jan 1953, 27 Jul-15 Dec 1953, 19 Jan-16 May 1956; decommissioned 21 April 1958 at Norfolk, laid up Atlantic Reserve Fleet; struck from the Naval Register 1 December 1959; sold for commercial service 20 June 1960 for $141,474 to Diamond Manufacturing Co., Savannah, GA, and used in construction of the Norfolk-Portsmouth bridge-tunnel project; final disposition sold for scrapping by Diamond in 1966 to Boston Metals Co., Baltimore, MD. Spec block: 1,630 lt / 2,130 fl tons; 306 ft ovl; 37 ft beam; 12 ft 7 in draft; 23.6 kt (trial); complement 12 officers + 192 enlisted, troop accommodations 12 officers + 150 enlisted; propulsion two Babcock & Wilcox 'D' Express-type boilers (435 psi, 750 deg F), GE turbo-electric drive, 12,000 shp, two shafts; armament 1x5"/38, 3x2 40mm, 6x20mm, 2 depth-charge tracks; 4 LCVP. A BuShips photo caption notes the hull 'was modified from DE to APD while under construction.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1966
- Population
- Defoe Shipbuilding construction trades 1944-45; crew 1945-58; embarked troops; tunnel-construction and scrap workers 1960-66
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-compiled secondary archive built on official records, not an official primary source; used for specification and disposal detail that the DANFS entry omits. Its laid-down date (10 Oct 1944) conflicts with the 31 Oct 1944 carried by other secondary sources - flagged in gaps. Boiler-maker attribution (Babcock & Wilcox) conflicts with other secondary sources (Combustion Engineering); DE hull-block boiler suppliers varied, unresolved. The mechanism of 'used in the construction' of the tunnel project is not described; no asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-carpellotti-de720-02
-
[4]GAF Corp. v. United States, 932 F.2d 947 (Fed. Cir. 1991) (Newman, J., dissenting) - recital of declassified WWII-era Navy industrial-hygiene documents; CourtListener cluster 560599 [court_record]
- Locator
- 932 F.2d 947, dissenting opinion of Newman, J., paras. 30-45 (classified-document recitals; Defoe passage at para. 39-40)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Published Federal Circuit opinion reciting record evidence of previously classified government documents on Navy asbestos hazards, including: a March 1941 memorandum from the Chief of the Navy Division of Preventive Medicine ('We are having a considerable amount of work done in asbestos and ... we are not protecting the men as we should'); a 1942 report and a 1944 classified report on asbestos cutting operations at Bath Iron Works; and 'A 1944 report described conditions at the Defoe Shipbuilding facility at Bay City, Michigan,' quoting that amosite dust 'if breathed in sufficient quantity for a prolonged period, [is] capable of causing the disabling occupational disease, asbestosis.' The same record establishes that in 1944 the Navy contracted with the Ruberoid Company (GAF's predecessor) to insulate ships with asbestos products (Calsilite). The yard named - Defoe Shipbuilding, Bay City - is this hull's builder, and the 1944 report falls inside her construction window (laid down October 1944, launched March 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1941-1944 (documents); 1991 (opinion)
- Population
- Defoe Shipbuilding workers 1944 (report subject); Navy shipyard insulation workers (program context)
- Limitations
- Dissent's recital of proffered exhibits, not a trial finding - the majority affirmed summary judgment for the United States (a merits-level loss for the asbestos producer's indemnification claim). The 1944 report describes conditions at the builder's facility and Navy hazard knowledge, not materials installed aboard this hull; yard-level documentation, not hull-level. The underlying report was not independently retrieved (classified-era Navy industrial-hygiene document).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-carpellotti-de720-03
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[5]NavSource APD-136 spec block (steam turbo-electric plant) + GAO HRD-80-2, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure' (Oct 18, 1979) + class-era DE/APD design context [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block (propulsion); GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked to automated fetch, HTTP 403 - description via product page); Buckley/Rudderow DE-era design context
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference: a Crosley-class APD completed October 1944-July 1945 on a Rudderow-class DE hull, with a steam turbo-electric plant (two 435-psi/750 deg F 'D'-type express boilers feeding GE turbo-generators, 12,000 shp), would have carried period-standard asbestos applications - boiler and steam-drum insulation, steam-line lagging, turbine/generator lagging, valve and flange gaskets, machinery packing, bulkhead fireproofing, deck coverings, accommodation insulation including the added troop-berthing spaces, and winch/windlass friction linings. GAO HRD-80-2 documents that the Navy's standing policy removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, with systematic substitution not begun until the 1970s - more than a decade after this hull left service (1958), so no Navy-era abatement program would have touched her.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944-1958
- Population
- Defoe construction trades 1944-45; crew and embarked troops 1945-58
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-level material schedule, insulation specification, or survey exists in the located public record for this ship. Does not establish presence, absence, or quantity of ACM aboard this hull at any time. GAO row is program-level (1979 fieldwork at other yards), carried as policy context.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-carpellotti-de720-04
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[6]DANFS 'Carpellotti' entry (DE-548 sentence) + standard secondary references (NavalCoverMuseum DE-548 page; DE list) for contract/cancellation detail [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, sentence preceding the APD-136 narrative; NavalCoverMuseum CARPELLOTTI DE-548 page
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Name-collision correction: DE-548 is a distinct never-completed hull, not an alias of this vessel. DANFS states verbatim: 'The name Carpellotti was assigned to hull DE-548 but construction was canceled prior to her launching.' Standard references identify DE-548 as a John C. Butler-class destroyer escort contract slated for the Boston Navy Yard, contract canceled 10 June 1944 - never laid down. The VERIFY master hull list carries both 'USS Carpellotti' rows (APD-136 and DE-548, Butler class); only APD-136 was ever a physical vessel. This record consolidates the real hull under its canonical designation APD-136; the file slug retains the DE-720 construction designation per batch instruction.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1944
- Limitations
- DANFS itself does not state DE-548's builder or cancellation date; Boston Navy Yard / 10 June 1944 rests on secondary references and is carried as consistent but unverified detail. DE-548 was never a physical hull - nothing aboard it could have exposed anyone.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-carpellotti-de720-05
-
[7]Batch-4502 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (Wayback); NavSource ship archive; CourtListener opinion and RECAP sweeps; NVR live inventory; Atlas shipyards.json; asbestos-indexed web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-carpellotti-de720-01 through sl-uss-carpellotti-de720-09
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, government inspection, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Carpellotti / APD-136 / DE-720 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener opinion sweep on 'Carpellotti' returned only surname collisions (Longo v. Pennsylvania Electric Co., W.D. Pa. 1985, aff'd 3d Cir. 1988 - defendant Frank Carpellotti d/b/a Carp Transit; an electrical-injury case, not the vessel and not asbestos); the RECAP docket sweep returned 9 dockets, all surname/incidental matches (personal bankruptcies, a pro-se civil case, creditor-list mentions) - none ship-related, none asbestos. The ship was scrapped in 1966 - no museum, memorial, or in-service abatement channel exists for a hull-level survey.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a hull built in 1944-45 at a yard with contemporaneously documented asbestos-dust conditions is consistent with retained era materials; this finding records that nothing located names or surveys this hull, not that asbestos was or was not present, and establishes or defeats no claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-carpellotti-de720-06