Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]DANFS, Chloris (ARVE-4) (spec line, build/reclassification dates, WWII transit, 1951-55 Mediterranean service; verbatim Wayback capture of official history.navy.mil page - live NHHC URL serves 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Chloris', full short-format entry; Wayback capture 2024-12-21 of history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/c/chloris.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: 'LST-1094 was reclassified ARVE-4, 8 December 1944; named 17 January 1945; launched 21 April 1945 by American Bridge Co., Ambridge, Pa.; sponsored by Mrs. E. W. Clexton; and commissioned 19 June 1945, Lieutenant W. B. Coley, USNR, in command.' Put out from Galveston 31 July 1945, lengthy call at San Diego, reached Pearl Harbor 16 September; sailed 26 September to visit Norfolk, arrived Green Cove Springs, Fla., 3 November; placed out of commission in reserve 18 June 1946. Recommissioned 5 January 1951; alternated 6th Fleet Mediterranean cruises with Norfolk/Florida operations providing specialized aircraft engine repair service: Med 3 October 1951 - 10 March 1952; 4 August 1952 - 7 March 1953; 17 August 1953 - 23 March 1955, homeported at Naples, Italy, on the last tour; reported to Green Cove Springs 21 June 1955 for inactivation; out of commission in reserve 9 December 1955. Spec line: dp. 2,110; l. 328'; b. 50'; dr. 14'4"; s. 12 k.; cpl. 245; a. 8 40mm.; cl. Aventinus.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1955
- Population
- American Bridge Ambridge construction trades 1945; wartime and 1951-55 crews (~245 complement)
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and headline specifications, not materials or asbestos content. It does not state a keel date ('named 17 January 1945' is the language used; NavSource and the shipscribe/NARA-derived table give the keel as 17 January 1945). Reclassification date here (8 Dec 1944) conflicts with the shipscribe table (14 Dec 1944) - see gaps. Ends coverage at 1955; strike and disposal dates come from other sources. Mirror capture cited because the live NHHC page returns 404 (standing link-rot defect since batch-01).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-01
-
[2]Shipscribe (Stephen S. Roberts), USS Aventinus (ARVE-3) Class page - class notes and ship notes compiled from Navy records (NARA-derived auxiliary-ship reference) [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipscribe ARVE-3 class page - Class Notes, Construction/Disposition tables, Ship Notes row 4 (Chloris)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NARA-derived record of this hull's class and conversion program: FY 1944 landing-craft program; on 7 March 1944 the Bureau of Aeronautics recommended ships be configured to repair aircraft engines and airframes in the forward area; 27 October 1944 CominCh directed conversion of 11 new-construction LSTs to tenders including four aircraft repair ships (ARV); 4 November 1944 CNO initiated action to make 4 LSTs available; BuAer's required repair-shop list was divided between two hulls - one airframe specialist (ARVA) and one engine specialist (ARVE) - with the design based on the plans for ARL-10. The ships were built under their LST contracts and modified to tenders by their builder during construction, placed in reduced commission for ferrying down the Mississippi River, and commissioned in full at New Orleans. Chloris ship note: 'Ex LST-1094 14 Dec 44. Ferry commission 8-19 Jun 45. In USN reserve 1946-50 (decommissioned 18 Jun 46, recommissioned 5 Jan 51) and 1955-73. To buyer 14 Jun 74.' Disposition table: decommissioned 9 Dec 55; strike 1 Jun 73; disposal 25 Apr 74, sold. In late 1945 Megara (ARVA-6) was senior ship and Chloris junior ship of ARV Unit II; after 1951 recommissioning the same pair operated as Aircraft Repair Division TWO. Class particulars: 1,753 t light / 4,100 t limiting; 328.0' oa x 50.0' x 11.2' lim; 11.6 kt; GM diesels, 2 screws, 1,800 hp; original armament 2x quad 40mm + 6x twin 20mm.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-1974
- Population
- American Bridge Ambridge conversion/build workforce 1945; ferry and commissioning crews; Aircraft Repair Division TWO crews 1951-55
- Limitations
- Strongest hull-specific administrative record located - a specialist compilation from Navy records (NARA-derived). Documents the conversion program structure (builder-modified during construction; ferry commission; full commission at New Orleans) and the disposal dates, but says nothing about asbestos content of materials installed or removed. Reclassification dated 14 Dec 44 here vs 8 Dec 1944 in DANFS - unreconciled, carried in gaps. U.S. sale 25 Apr 74 / buyer delivery 14 Jun 74 predates NavSource's 'sold 1977 to Monros Shipping' - distinct events in the disposal chain, unreconciled in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-02
-
[3]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, USS Chloris (ARVE-4) (page 09/35/3504) - specification block, chronology, commanding-officer list, NARA photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page 09/35/3504 - spec block, chronology, CO list, photo captions (incl. NARA 80-G-442667)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Volunteer-compiled archival page for this hull: authorized as LST-1094; redesignated Aircraft Repair Ship (Engine) ARV(E)-4, 8 December 1944; laid down 17 January 1945 at American Bridge Co., Ambridge, PA; launched 21 April 1945; commissioned USS Chloris (ARVE-4) 19 June 1945, LT W. B. Coley, USNR, in command; decommissioned 18 June 1946 at Green Cove Springs, FL, laid up Atlantic Reserve Fleet Florida Group; recommissioned 5 January 1951; decommissioned 9 December 1955 at Green Cove Springs; struck from the Naval Register 1 June 1973; sold in 1977 to Monros Shipping Co. S.A., Panama, renamed MV Avlon, converted to a Ro-Ro ship in 1979; final disposition 'fate unknown'. Specification block: 2,110 t light / 3,960 t full / 4,100 t limiting; 328' x 50' x 11'2" lim; 11.6 kt; complement 20 officers, 225-240 enlisted; largest boom capacity 10 t; armament two quad 40mm AA mounts + twelve 20mm AA; propulsion two GM 12-567A diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, three diesel-drive 300 kW 120/240 V D.C. + two diesel-drive 60 kW 230 V A.C. ship's-service generators, two shafts, twin rudders, 1,800 shp. Photo caption: Chloris anchored at Malta 22 February 1952 with a water lighter alongside - U.S. National Archives Photo 80-G-442667, RG-80-G, Bureau of Ships Collection. Commanding officers: LT Coley (19 Jun 1945 - 18 Jun 1946); LCDR Austin (from 5 Jan 1951); CDR Payson (Nov 1954 - 9 Dec 1955). Awards: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, WWII Victory Medal, National Defense Service Medal.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1945-1979
- Population
- Ship's company ~245; Mediterranean-deployment crews 1951-55
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled archival page quoting Navy sources and photo captions; consistent with DANFS where they overlap and adds the strike date (1 Jun 1973) and the post-Navy commercial chain (Monros Shipping 1977, MV Avlon, Ro-Ro conversion 1979, fate unknown) that DANFS does not cover. The 1977 resale does not conflict necessarily with the 1974 U.S. disposal in shipscribe - the commercial chain between is undocumented. Spec data are equipment descriptions only - no asbestos content stated or implied.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-03
-
[4]The National WWII Museum Digital Collections - OWI photograph record 'Airplane engine being tested on an Aviation Repair Vessel (ARV), 1945' (20 July 1945) [museum_official]
- Locator
- ww2online.org image record, OWI caption text (List A, series 1 of 2)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- National WWII Museum-held Office of War Information photograph caption dated 20 July 1945: a mechanic tests an airplane engine from an enclosed cabin aboard 'a new aviation repair ship, the U.S.S. Chloris, designed for the repair of airplane engines'; the caption notes a sister craft handles fuselage and wing repairs and that the vessels were bound for the Pacific as part of the Navy's program to speed the war against Japan - contemporary documentation of this hull's fitted engine test-cell/workshop function.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Aviation machinist's mates and engineering crew operating the test cell/workshop (1945)
- Limitations
- Documents the ship's operating engine-repair function (test cell, engine run-up) as designed - relevant context for the shipboard-repair exposure pathway - but contains no asbestos, insulation, or material information and does not establish that materials aboard contained asbestos.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-04
-
[5]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 2 (Jan 1945), LST design table (shipscribe.com scan) - consolidated with lst-1-class class-profile era analysis [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v2 LST design table; lst-1-class.class.json class analysis (BuShips LST1/491/542 design series); ev-02 conversion-program scope
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a diesel-powered amphibious hull built and converted to repair-ship configuration at American Bridge Co., Ambridge PA in 1945: NO boilers or steam plant - the steam-lagging pathway does not apply; plausible asbestos applications for the type concentrate in diesel exhaust lagging, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, gaskets and packing throughout engineering spaces, electrical insulation/cable, deck coverings, accommodation-space insulation, brake/friction linings on deck machinery, and insulation within the builder-installed engine-repair workshop spaces. The ARVE conversion was performed during construction at the build yard (shipscribe class notes) - a peak-asbestos-era interior rework whose material scope is not documented.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1945-1974
- Population
- American Bridge Ambridge construction/conversion workforce 1945; commissioning crews; 1951-55 repair-division crews
- Limitations
- Class/era and design inference only - no hull-level material schedule, insulation spec, or survey exists in the public record for this ship under any designation; undocumented material changes during ~23 years of reserve-fleet storage, the 1951-55 recommissioned workshop service, and post-Navy commercial use (Ro-Ro conversion 1979) mean original materials may have been replaced or disturbed. Does not establish presence, absence, or quantity of ACM aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-05
-
[6]Corn JK, Starr J. 'Historical perspective on asbestos: policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding.' Am J Ind Med 12(4):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Am J Ind Med 12(4):359-373 (1987), DOI 10.1002/ajim.4700120402
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documents that WWII-era U.S. shipyards extensively installed asbestos-containing insulation, lagging, and gaskets in naval and merchant construction - the era and program context in which this hull was built and converted during construction (1945, American Bridge Co., Ambridge PA).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1941-1945 (study scope)
- Population
- WWII-era shipyard workers and crews (era context)
- Limitations
- Era-level scholarship only; the source does not name this hull or class and does not establish that any specific material aboard this ship contained asbestos. The diesel plant (no boilers) narrows the exposure-relevant scope relative to steam vessels.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-06
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or when required for repairs, modified in 1979 toward selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place on active Navy hulls for decades; systematic substitution did not begin until the early 1970s, effectively after this hull left U.S. custody (Navy sale April-June 1974; last active commission ended December 1955).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review (not this hull)
- Limitations
- Program-level Navy documentation; the policy period postdates this hull's Navy custody - she was stricken 1973 and sold 1974. Context for the era fleet picture only; her commercial-service material history after 1974 is undocumented by any source located. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403); content via product-page description, consistent with prior batches.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-07
-
[8]CourtListener API v4 opinion sweeps, this hull (see search_ledger) - "Chloris", "ARVE-4", "ARV(E)-4", "LST 1094" asbestos, "Chloris" asbestos, "Avlon" asbestos, type=o, 2026-09-26 [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-chloris-arve4-08a through -08g
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener exact-phrase opinion sweeps: "Chloris" returned 80 hits - first page (20 of 80, relevance-ranked) inspected, ALL name collisions (persons named Chloris: Hall, Lowe, Hubby, deBrauwere; dominated by Ho-Chunk Nation election disputes involving official Chloris Lowe), none referencing a vessel, asbestos, or any plaintiff claiming exposure aboard this hull; "Chloris" asbestos returned 0; "ARVE-4" returned 0; "ARV(E)-4" returned 0; "LST-1094" returned 0; "LST 1094" asbestos returned 0; "Avlon" asbestos returned 1 name collision (McDaniel v. The m/s Lisholt, 155 F. Supp. 619, S.D.N.Y. 1957 - a Panama Canal Zone fireman's claim aboard a Norwegian-flag motor vessel, not this hull). No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull located in the opinion index under seven identifiers. RECAP docket-level queries were not completed at record time: the fleet-shared authenticated budget was repeatedly spent this session (helper exit 2, ~114/hr pacing).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Opinion-index coverage complete for the seven strings stated; the RECAP docket index (type=r) was not swept this session due to the fleet pacing limit - a coverage gap, not a finding of absence; opinions are the merits-level index and docket-only coverage could in principle hold unopinioned pleadings. No hit at any stage of litigation is asserted or implied. The class-level 'USS LST' asbestos sweep of 2026-09-16 (lst-1-class profile) located no asbestos docket naming any specific LST hull - class coverage, not hull-specific.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-08
-
[9]Batch-2692 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS via Wayback; shipscribe NARA-derived class record; NavSource; National WWII Museum digital collections; NVR; MARAD ShipHistory; NARA catalog; CourtListener API; web index sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-chloris-arve4-01 through -09 (incl. CourtListener sub-rows -08a through -08f)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming this hull under LST-1094, ARV(E)-4/ARVE-4, Chloris, or Avlon was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945 hull built and converted at a peak-asbestos-era yard is era-consistent with ACM, but ~23 years of reserve-fleet storage, the 1951-55 workshop commission, and undocumented post-1974 commercial service are material-history blind spots. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-09
-
[10]NARA catalog record NAID 125765718 'Chloris (ARV(E)-4), 6/19/45-6/18/46' (ship muster rolls, microfilm roll 1084, unrestricted, Ancestry-partnership scan with digital objects); NARA Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations file units for sister ship Aventinus (ARVE-3), e.g. NAIDs 662095012-662152870 (1951-52); NARA Guide to Federal Records RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) and RG 181 (Naval Districts and Shore Establishments) [other_primary]
- Locator
- catalog.archives.gov proxy search 2026-09-26 (NAID 125765718 full record incl. roll 1084 + digital objects; ARVE-3 deck-log file units); archives.gov Guide to Federal Records groups 019, 181
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved as individual pages - record-group and file-unit mapping only): (1) NARA NAID 125765718 holds this hull's muster rolls covering 19 June 1945 - 18 June 1946 (first commission), digitized via the NARA-Ancestry partnership - a crew-presence record supporting identity verification for any personnel claim. (2) Monthly deck-log file units in the Navy Logbooks series exist for sister ship Aventinus (ARVE-3) for 1951-52 (e.g., NAID 662095424 'Aventinus (ARVE-3) - August 1951'); same-series Chloris logs for the 1951-55 commission are the lookup path for underway/availability records. (3) RG 19 Bureau of Ships records hold the ARVE conversion design lineage (shipscribe notes the ARV program records; the ARL-10-based plans). (4) RG 181 naval-district records cover the Green Cove Springs Atlantic Reserve Fleet berthing periods (1946-51, 1955-73). (5) The 1974 Navy sale file would document disposal conditions; no hazmat content is expected in any of these without retrieval.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1945-1974 records
- Limitations
- Record-group and file-unit mapping only - the muster-roll NAID is verified cataloged and digitized; the other leads are inferred holdings, not retrieved documents. Existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-chloris-arve4-10