Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 3 (NAVSHIPS 250-012, 1945), 'Auxiliaries - Net-Laying Ships (AN)' section, per-hull machinery row for CLIFFROSE (ex-YN61) AN42 (shipscribe.com scan of the official BuShips publication) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v3 'Auxiliaries - Net-Laying Ships (AN)' machinery table, CLIFFROSE (ex-YN61) AN42 row; abbreviation key ('B. S. = Busch-Sulzer'); type index ('Net Laying Ships (AN)'); name index p. ~658 ('Cliffrose - AN42')
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official BuShips Ships' Data 1945 Vol. 3 lists CLIFFROSE (ex-YN61), AN42, in the Net-Laying Ships machinery table: engine manufacturer/model 'B.S., 539' (Busch-Sulzer model 539, per the volume's abbreviation key), diesel-oil capacity 760 bbls - confirming diesel-electric propulsion with no steam plant. The volume's stricken-vessels table separately records class leader AILANTHUS AN38 as stricken 9 Jun 1944, and the type index and name index both carry 'Cliffrose - AN42.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1945
- Limitations
- Authoritative wartime BuShips publication naming this hull - confirms identity, machinery type (diesel, not steam), and fuel capacity. OCR of the scanned columnar table is partially garbled; the engine-model and fuel columns were read against the volume's abbreviation key and cross-verified with NavSource. Contains no materials, insulation, or asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-01
-
[2]DANFS, 'Cliffrose (AN-42)' entry, Naval History and Heritage Command (published 2023-03-08; live NHHC URL returns 404 - verbatim text retrieved via Internet Archive Wayback capture 20240526181912) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry body text + spec block (Wayback capture 20240526181912)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC records: Cliffrose (AN-42) launched 27 Nov 1943 by Everett-Pacific Shipbuilding and Drydock Co., Everett, Wash., as YN-61; sponsored by Miss S. Morgan; reclassified AN-42 20 Jan 1944; commissioned 30 Apr 1944, Lt. Comdr. G. Montague, USNR, in command. Sailed San Pedro 21 Jun 1944; Pearl Harbor 4 Jul; departed 8 Aug for Florida Islands and Peleliu invasion 15 Sep; mooring surveys, then laid an anti-torpedo net across the western entrance of Kossol Passage; in the Palaus until 8 Dec; Ulithi 10 Dec, brief overhaul and net repair duty. Departed Ulithi 25 Mar 1945 for Okinawa invasion, arriving 1 Apr (day of first landings); installed and repaired nets until 5 Aug; upkeep at Saipan; returned Okinawa 20 Sep; cleared 25 Oct for Bungo Suido, Japan (arrived 29 Oct); laid navigational aids to year end; sailed for Pearl Harbor and San Pedro, arriving 1 Jan 1946. Cleared San Pedro 3 Jul 1946 for Pearl Harbor (16 Jul-16 Aug), Guam and Subic Bay (arrived 14 Sep); served Philippine waters until 25 Dec; cleared Subic Bay for Shanghai, arriving 31 Dec; decommissioned 7 Jan 1947 and turned over to China through the State Department. Two battle stars. Spec block: displacement 1,100; length '94'6"' (typo - all other sources give ~194.5 ft; flagged in gaps); beam 37'; draft 13'6"; 12 k.; complement 56; one 3-inch gun; class Ailanthus.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Limitations
- Primary Navy historical entry - authoritative for service history and disposal narrative. Contains no asbestos or materials information; supports no asbestos claim. Live NHHC page 404s (standing link rot, cf. BATCH-01); the Wayback capture is the verbatim NHHC text.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-02
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[3]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - USS Cliffrose (AN-42), file 09/18/18042 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 18042.htm - specifications block, campaign table, awards ribbon table, commanding-officer table, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline corroborates DANFS and adds detail: campaign table - Western Caroline Islands operation (capture and occupation of southern Palau Islands, Sep-Dec 1944) and Okinawa Gunto operation (assault and occupation, 1 Apr-30 Jun 1945); awards - China Service Medal (extended), American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (2 stars), WWII Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal (Asia clasp); 'Decommissioned, 7 January 1947, at Shanghai, China'; struck date 'unknown'; 'Final Disposition, fate unknown'; two battle stars. Spec block: 1,460 t (fl); 194'6" x 37' x 13'6"; 12.1 kts; complement 4 officers + 52 enlisted; armament 1 x 3"/50 cal DP + 4 twin 20mm AA; largest boom capacity 12 t; fuel diesel 760 bbls; ship's service generators two diesel-drive 60 kW 120V D.C.; propulsion two Busch-Sulzer BS-539 diesel-electric engines, single propeller, 1,200 shp. CO table: Montague (to 10 Jun 44); Cox (to 12 Sep 45); Iles (to 20 Feb 46); Davis (to Jun 46); Martin (to 7 Jan 47). Photos incl. USS Cliffrose loading net material with USS Baretta (AN-41) for the Peleliu invasion, c. Sep 1944, and NH 84683 (U.S. Naval Historical Center photo, in harbor c. 1945).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Limitations
- Specialist secondary compilation - detailed but non-official; consistent with DANFS and the BuShips machinery row (Busch-Sulzer 539, 760 bbls). Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-03
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[4]Shipscribe U.S. Navy auxiliary ships data sheets, 'USS Ailanthus (AN-38) Class' page (Stephen S. Roberts compilation from Navy registers, BuShips records, and Maritime Commission files) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AN-38 class page: characteristics block, construction table, disposition table, ship notes (AN-42 CLIFFROSE and AN-68 SILVERLEAF rows)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Navy-register compilation naming this hull: CLIFFROSE ordered 12 May 42; keel 25 May 43 at Everett Pacific SB; launched 27 Nov 43; commissioned 30 Apr 44; disposition row - decommissioned 10 Jan 47, struck 7 Feb 47, disposal (delivery to China) 10 Jan 47, fate FLC (Foreign Liquidation Commission). Ship note for AN-42: 'Ex YN-61 20 Jan 44. Survived grounding at Buckner Bay during typhoon of 9 Oct 45. Arrived at San Pedro, Calif., 1 Jan 46, ordered to Shanghai Feb 46 for transfer to Chinese Maritime Customs via FLC. Departed Subic Bay 26 Oct 46 enroute transfer. Decomm. at Shanghai and turned over to Chinese Maritime Customs via FLC 10 Jan 47.' Sister-ship note (AN-68 SILVERLEAF) records she was 'selected 8 Feb 46 as buoy and lighthouse tender for Chinese Maritime Customs but replaced by AN-42 due poor condition.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1942-1947
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary transcription of official Navy register and BuShips records, not the registers themselves; used where consistent with NHHC. Conflicts with DANFS on two dates (decommissioning 10 Jan vs 7 Jan 47; Subic Bay departure 26 Oct vs 25 Dec 46) - flagged in gaps. The typhoon-grounding detail is not in DANFS. Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-04
-
[5]Shipscribe 'USS Ailanthus (AN-38) Class' page - class notes and characteristics block (YN-57/AN-38 design: wooden hulls, diesel-electric plant) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AN-38 class page: class notes ('Wood hulls (substituted for steel around 10 Apr 42)') and characteristics block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Class design record for the type to which this hull was built: 'Wood hulls (substituted for steel around 10 Apr 42)' - the AN-38 class was part of the late-1941/early-1942 programs for small patrol and mine-warfare combatants, with YN 57-66 (later AN 38-47) originally ordered for Britain and reallocated to the U.S. by the Munitions Assignment Board in Feb 1943. Characteristics block: design Navy YN-57/AN-38; displacement 1,175 t light / 1,460 lim; 194.5' oa x 37.0' x 13.5' lim; machinery 'Diesel electric, 1 screw,' 1,200 HP; complement 43 (1944); speed 12.1 kts; original armament 1-3"/50 + 2-20mm, later augmented.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1942-1944
- Limitations
- Class/design-level documentation, not a hull-specific materials record - establishes that AN-42 was a wooden-hulled diesel-electric vessel (no boilers, no steam lines), which frames but does not determine the asbestos picture. Compiled secondary source; consistent with the official BuShips machinery row for this hull. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-05
-
[6]Consolidated era/design inference - documented YN-57/AN-38 wooden diesel-electric design (ShipScribe class page + BuShips SDB 1945 machinery row for AN-42) [other_primary]
- Locator
- BuShips SDB1945v3 AN machinery table (AN-42 row: B.S. 539, 760 bbls); https://shipscribe.com/usnaux/AN/AN38.html class notes
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for this hull: because the documented plant is diesel-electric on a wooden hull - no boilers, no main or auxiliary steam lines - the high-density asbestos pathways of steam auxiliaries do not apply to this design. The residual era-typical material set aboard small WWII diesel auxiliaries of this size is limited to diesel exhaust and muffler lagging, engine gaskets and packing, electrical insulation and switchboard materials, winch/windlass brake linings, and joiner/accommodation paneling. Construction at a Navy-financed emergency yard (Everett-Pacific, 1943-44) falls within the documented peak of wartime asbestos usage in U.S. shipbuilding.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- Construction trades at Everett-Pacific, Everett WA (1943-44); wartime crew (complement 56); Chinese Maritime Customs receiving crew (1947)
- Limitations
- Inference from the documented machinery plant and construction era - NOT a hull record. No survey, specification, material schedule, or bill of materials naming YN-61/AN-42 or this class was located; establishes no asbestos content, quantity, location, individual exposure, or causation. The wooden hull reduces but does not eliminate plausible materials scope.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-06
-
[7]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and emergency construction program under which this YN-57/AN-38-class net tender was mass-produced - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in shipbuilding.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or class and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-07
-
[8]Fleischer, W.E., Viles, F.J. Jr., Gade, R.L., and Drinker, P., 'A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels,' J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28(1):9-16 (Jan 1946), PMID 21016030 [other_primary]
- Locator
- PubMed record PMID 21016030; article pp. 9-16 (pipe covering material section)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- The U.S. Maritime Commission-commissioned industrial-hygiene survey of WWII pipe-covering operations at Navy and Navy-contract yards documented that 'an important ingredient of pipe covering material used on U.S. Navy vessels is amosite' - i.e., asbestos insulation was standard material in wartime naval-vessel construction of exactly this hull's era. For a diesel-electric vessel the relevant application is engine exhaust/muffler and auxiliary pipe lagging rather than steam plant.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- survey ~1944-45; published 1946
- Population
- WWII pipe coverers and insulators at Navy and contract yards (era context)
- Limitations
- Era-level documentation of asbestos use in naval construction generally; does not name this vessel, class, or builder yard (whether Everett-Pacific was among the surveyed contract yards is unverified) and establishes nothing about this hull's materials, condition, or any individual exposure. (The study's exculpatory exposure conclusion has since been heavily criticized - see the 2026 critique at DOI 10.1177/10482911261446696.)
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-08
-
[9]Batch-1790 search ledger (this record): NHHC/DANFS via Wayback; NavSource 18042; BuShips SDB 1945 v3 AN table; ShipScribe AN-38 class page; CourtListener API v4 (authenticated, paced) - opinion and docket sweeps; VA BVA index; indexed-web litigation checks; NARA record-group guides; shipyards.json cross-check [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cliffrose-an42-01 through sl-uss-cliffrose-an42-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, court finding, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Cliffrose / AN-42 / YN-61 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener hits are name collisions: 'Cliffrose, Inc.' (a Nevada corporation in Khoury v. Maryland Casualty Co., 843 P.2d 822 (Nev. 1992)); a 58-docket cluster of Nevada LLC bankruptcies and unrelated filings; and 'AN-42' string matches in Riad v. Brandywine Valley SPCA (Del. Super. 2023) and Murphy v. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp. (S.C. Ct. App. 2001, a DuPont household-exposure case) - none is this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 2026-09-24
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943-44 naval auxiliary of any type is era-consistent with some asbestos-containing materials, and her post-1947 Chinese Maritime Customs career is undocumented. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility. Litigation coverage: authenticated CourtListener API v4 sweeps (exact-name and hull-number, opinion and docket types) plus indexed-web checks; docket-index text search covers filings, not all unreported state dockets.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-09
-
[10]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 24 (Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel - Navy deck logs) and RG 19 (Records of the Bureau of Ships); NARA Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations series (1941-1992) [other_primary]
- Locator
- https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/024.html ; /groups/019.html ; catalog.archives.gov series 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' (1941-1992)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved): Navy deck logs for USS Cliffrose Apr 1944-Jan 1947 (RG 24 / Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations, NARA College Park) - would contain the 9 Oct 1945 Buckner Bay typhoon grounding entries and the Dec 1946-Jan 1947 Shanghai transfer period; BuShips records for the YN-57/AN-38 wooden net-tender design incl. any Booklet of General Plans and machinery specifications (RG 19); Everett-Pacific builder records (yard sold to Pacific Car and Foundry 1944-45, closed 1949 - successor archives); Foreign Liquidation Commission transfer file for the Jan 1947 Chinese Maritime Customs conveyance (RG 59 / foreign surplus disposal records).
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1942-1947 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; digitization status of AN-42 deck logs unverified (NARA catalog is JS-rendered and did not return queryable results to automated fetch). Existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cliffrose-an42-10