Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]DANFS, 'Cornel' (Naval Historical Center, Department of the Navy), via Internet Archive Wayback capture of the official NHHC page history.navy.mil/danfs/c14/cornel.htm (captured 2005-03-21); the current NHHC URL history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/c/cornel.html returns 404 as of 2026-09-24 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Cornel', namesake line, statistics line, and full entry text (Wayback capture 2005-03-21)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS (Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships) entry for Cornel: launched 21 April 1944 by Everett Pacific Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Everett, Wash., under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by Mrs. P. Pigott; commissioned 6 June 1944, Lieutenant Commander J. F. Eddy, USNR, in command. Class statistics line: displacement 1,100; length 194'7"; beam 37'; draft 13'6"; speed 12 k.; complement 56; armament 1 x 3"; class Ailanthus.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Limitations
- Establishes identity, launch, sponsorship, commissioning, and class statistics. DANFS contains no asbestos, insulation, or materials statement; this row supports no asbestos claim. Live NHHC page 404s (known link-rot pattern noted in Batch-01); the Wayback capture is of the official Naval Historical Center site.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-01
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[2]DANFS, 'Cornel' (Naval Historical Center), via Wayback capture 2005-03-21 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Cornel', service-history paragraphs
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS service narrative: Cornel sailed in convoy from San Pedro, Calif., 6 August 1944 for Eniwetok, arriving 15 September; on 9 October she reported at Ulithi to maintain nets and, except for short periods at Peleliu in the Palau Islands, remained at Ulithi tending nets until the end of the war, then dismantling and salvaging them; cleared Ulithi 17 October 1945 and arrived San Pedro 29 November, remaining there until decommissioned 15 February 1946; returned to the Maritime Commission for disposal 29 January 1947.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- Ship's crew (complement ~56 per DANFS)
- Limitations
- Documents wartime net-tender service (Eniwetok, Ulithi, Peleliu) and the Navy-to-Maritime-Commission handoff. No Navy-yard or industrial repair availability is recorded for this hull in DANFS (unlike sister Anaqua AN-40). DANFS does not describe materials used or disturbed; do not read this as an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-02
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[3]Shipscribe (S. S. Roberts), 'USS Ailanthus (AN-38) Class' data sheet compiled from Bureau of Ships and Maritime Commission records - construction table row 45, disposition table row 45, and per-hull class note 45 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Shipscribe AN-38 class page, Construction table (row AN-45), Disposition table (row AN-45), Class Notes hull entry '45 CORN...EL'
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Shipscribe AN-38 class compilation (BuShips/MC-derived) names this hull in its construction and disposition tables: AN-45 CORNEL ordered 12 May 42 at Everett Pacific SB; keel laid 9 October 1943; launched 21 April 1944; commissioned 6 June 1944; decommissioned 15 February 1946; stricken 12 March 1946; disposal 29 January 1947 (MC/D); MA sale dated 27 January 1947. Class note for hull 45: 'Ex YN-64 20 Jan 44. Sold (delivered) by MC to Charles W. Cradick, Los Angeles, Cal. (MC receipt showed delivery to buyer 29 Jan 47). Merc. MARIA INES, SEA PEARL 1957, burned near Wewak, New Guinea, 3 Jun 57.'
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1942-1957
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation from official records, not itself an NHHC/MC document: it resolves fields DANFS omits (keel date, stricken date, buyer identity, merchant names, 1957 loss) but is uncorroborated at primary level - DANFS confirms only the 29 Jan 1947 MC transfer, and NavSource independently lists the 12 Mar 1946 striking. Contains no asbestos or materials statement.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-03
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[4]Shipscribe (S. S. Roberts), 'USS Ailanthus (AN-38) Class' data sheet compiled from Bureau of Ships records; USNI Naval History magazine, 'Historic Fleets,' Vol. 10 No. 6 (December 1996) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Shipscribe AN-38 class page, 'Class Notes' and machinery/construction fields; usni.org/magazines/naval-history-magazine/1996/december/historic-fleets
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Ailanthus-class design data: the class was built with wood hulls substituted for steel circa 10 April 1942 under the emergency 1942 small-combatant program; diesel-electric machinery, one screw, 1,200 hp; YN 57-66 (later AN 38-47, including Cornel) were awarded to Everett-Pacific replacing cancelled PCE 897-916 contracts. USNI Naval History (Dec 1996) describes 'the 30 wooden-construction net tenders of the 1942 program Ailanthus (AN-38-77) class' and notes all three WWII net-tender classes had single-screw diesel-electric plants.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1942-1944 design/build
- Limitations
- Class-level design record, not a hull inspection: establishes wooden construction and diesel-electric (non-steam) propulsion for the class this hull belongs to. These features temper the usual steam-plant lagging inference but do not establish the presence or absence of asbestos aboard this specific hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-04
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[5]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and emergency construction program under which this 1943-44 hull was built - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard naval and merchant hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarship on WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or class and does not establish that asbestos was or remained aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. Wooden hull and diesel-electric plant narrow which era-typical applications are plausible (no boiler/steam lagging).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-05
-
[6]Synthesis from class design data (Shipscribe AN-38 class notes; USNI Naval History Dec 1996) combined with era documentation (Corn & Starr 1987, AJIM 11(3):359-373); no ship-specific material list located [other_primary]
- Locator
- Inference row - no primary hull document; see ev-04 (design) and ev-05 (era) for cited inputs
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era-typical asbestos applications for a 1943-44 wooden diesel-electric net tender (inference, not documented aboard): exhaust-system and muffler insulation on the Busch-Sulzer diesels; machinery gaskets and packing; electrical insulation and arc barriers in the 60 kW generating plant; brake linings on the net-handling winches that were this type's distinguishing equipment (12-ton boom); interior finish/fireproofing in accommodation spaces. The two largest WWII asbestos pathways aboard steel auxiliaries - boiler lagging and steam-line insulation - are absent because this design has no steam plant.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1943-1957
- Population
- Construction trades (Everett-Pacific, 1943-44); ship's crew; postwar merchant crews (1947-57)
- Limitations
- Explicitly an inference row: nothing in any located source itemizes materials aboard this hull. Listed applications are era-consistent possibilities only. Does not establish presence, quantity, exposure, causation, or condition at the 1957 loss.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-06
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[7]Batch-1793 search ledger (this record): DANFS/NHHC (Wayback), NavSource 18045 + net-operations narrative 1800034, Shipscribe AN-38 class page, shipbuildinghistory YN index and Everett-Pacific yard page, MARAD Vessel History Database, NARA Special List 44, CourtListener name/hull opinion and RECAP docket searches, VA BVA web search [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cornel-an45-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, Board of Veterans' Appeals decision naming the ship, or docketed litigation naming the hull was found in the sources searched. CourtListener searches returned zero or only name collisions ('USS Cornel' -> 0 results; '"Cornel" asbestos' -> 2 hits, both personal-name collisions - attorney 'Cornel A Williams' in Cloud v. United States and an unrelated estate case; 'AN-45' -> 105 token-splitting noise hits with no vessel reference; 'YN-64' -> 0; RECAP docket search -> 0). The MARAD Vessel History Database holds no Cornel entry (prefix search returned only CORNELL/CORNELIA/CORNELIUS vessels). A boilerplate marketing page (asbestos-ships.com) exists for AN-45 but contains only generic era text and is not a citable source. The hull was sold into merchant service in 1947 and destroyed by fire in 1957, so no museum/regulatory documentation trail exists to check.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 2026-09-24
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943-44 Navy auxiliary is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials in secondary applications. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-07
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[8]NavSource Naval History (volunteer archive), USS Cornel (AN-45) photo index 18045.htm (via Wayback capture 2024-05-25; live fetch failed) and 'Net Tenders Assisted by Other Ships' narrative 1800034.htm [other_primary]
- Locator
- Wayback 18045.htm specifications/commanding-officers blocks; https://www.navsource.net/archives/09/18/1800034.htm (Ulithi paragraph)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource volunteer-archive pages for this hull and type: AN-45 photo index lists struck from the Naval Register 12 March 1946, call sign NYCQ, awards (American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, WWII Victory Medal), specifications (1,460 t; 194'6"; 37'; 13'6"; 12.1 kts; 4 officers + 52 enlisted; 12-ton boom; 1 x 3"/50 DP, 2 x 20mm; fuel 760 bbls; diesel-electric Busch-Sulzer 539, two 60 kW 120 V DC ship's service generators, single propeller 2,500 shp), and commanding officers (LCDR John F. Eddy to 2 Jan 1945; LT/LCDR Benjamin J. Little Jr. to 17 Oct 1945; LT Herbert L. Anderson to decommissioning). NavSource net-operations narrative 1800034 records Cornel and Viburnum (AN-57) working with net cargo ship Tuscana (AKN-3) installing nets at Ulithi anchorage (~20 miles of net required).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- Ship's crew; net cargo ship Tuscana and net tender Viburnum crews at Ulithi
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled archive, not an official record: dates corroborate DANFS/Shipscribe where they overlap (struck 12 Mar 46 matches Shipscribe disposition table), but specs such as '2,500 shp' conflict with Shipscribe class data (1,200 hp) - carried in gaps. Contains no asbestos or materials statement - carried for operational and specification detail only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-08
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[9]NARA, 'Special List 44 - List of Logbooks of US Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947' (Cornel (AN-45) row: 6/6/1944 - 12/31/1945); NARA deck-log digitization guidance pages [other_primary]
- Locator
- Special List 44, 'Cornel (AN-45)' row; https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival lead (verified holdings, not retrieved): NARA Special List 44 lists logbooks for Cornel (AN-45) covering 1944-06-06 through 1945-12-31 in the main RG 24 logbook series (National Archives, Washington); logs for January-February 1946 through decommissioning would fall to the College Park series (1941+). BuShips construction/outfitting records for the hull may exist in RG 19; Everett-Pacific yard records may exist in RG 181 (13th Naval District / Puget Sound area). The digitized deck-log catalog could not be checked to completion (API returned no usable response).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-24
- Study period
- 1944-1946 records
- Limitations
- Holdings verified to exist at list level; no box-level retrieval performed (no spend authorized). Deck logs would document operations and repairs but are unlikely to itemize insulation materials; existence of any asbestos-specific document for this hull is unknown until surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-an45-09