Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
-
[1]research packet 1088-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: MISMATCH
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-cornel-yn64-pkt-1088-packet-md
-
[2]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 'Cornel' (AN-45) entry - official NHHC page, verified live 2026-10-05 (full text retrieved) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC DANFS Cornel entry, full text and stats line
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS entry: Cornel (AN-45) was launched 21 April 1944 by Everett Pacific Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Everett, Wash., under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by Mrs. P. Pigott; and commissioned 6 June 1944, Lieutenant Commander J. F. Eddy, USNR, in command. Sailed in convoy from San Pedro, Calif., 6 August 1944 for Eniwetok, arriving 15 September. On 9 October she reported at Ulithi to maintain nets, and except for short periods at Peleliu, in the Palau Islands, Cornel remained at Ulithi tending nets until the end of the war, then dismantling and salvaging them. She cleared Ulithi 17 October 1945 and arrived at San Pedro, Calif., 29 November, remaining there until decommissioned 15 February 1946. She was returned to the Maritime Commission for disposal 29 January 1947. Stats line: dp. 1,100; l. 194'7"; b. 37'; dr. 13'6"; s. 12 k.; cpl. 56; a. 1 3"; cl. Ailanthus. Namesake: 'A genus of trees, one of the most common of which is the dogwood.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Limitations
- Establishes identity, construction, wartime employment, decommissioning, and return to the Maritime Commission. Does not give a laid-down date, a striking date, or post-1947 fate - those come from register-derived data (ev-02). Contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or crew-health information; supports no asbestos claim. Note: bare fetches of this URL intermittently return 404 while the page serves normally to browser-grade requests - verified live via full-page retrieval; a Wayback capture (20240525213031) also exists.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-01
-
[3]Shipscribe.com USS Ailanthus (AN-38) class page - reproduction of U.S. Naval Vessel Register entries and class characteristics (Stephen S. Roberts compilation), verified live 2026-10-05 [other_primary]
- Locator
- AN-45 Cornel row in construction table (ordered 12 May 42 / keel 9 Oct 43 / launched 21 Apr 44 / comm. 6 Jun 44), disposition table (decomm 15 Feb 46 / strike 12 Mar 46 / MC-D 29 Jan 47 / MA sale 27 Jan 47), Ship Notes column (Cradick sale; MARIA INES, SEA PEARL, burned Wewak 3 Jun 57), and Class Notes (wood-hull substitution, British-directed origins)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Register-derived record: CORNEL ordered 12 May 1942, keel 9 Oct 1943, launched 21 Apr 1944, commissioned 6 Jun 1944 at Everett-Pacific SB, Everett WA. Decommissioned 15 Feb 1946, stricken 12 Mar 1946, disposal (MC/D) 29 Jan 1947, MA sale 27 Jan 1947. Ship note: 'Ex YN-64 20 Jan 44. Sold (delivered) by MC to Charles W. Cradick, Los Angeles, Cal. (MC receipt showed delivery to buyer 29 Jan 47). Merc. MARIA INES, SEA PEARL 1957, burned near Wewak, New Guinea, 3 Jun 57.' Class data (AILANTHUS AN-38 design, Navy YN-57/AN-38): 1,175 t light / 1,460 t limited; 194.5' oa x 37' x 13.5'; diesel-electric, 1 screw, 1,200 hp; 12.1 kt; original armament 1-3"/50, 2-20mm; class complement 43 (1944). Class notes: wood hulls substituted for steel ca. 10 Apr 1942; CNO directed construction of YN 57-66 (later AN 38-47) for the British on 30 Sep 1941, but the UK allocation was reduced to five units (AN 73-77) and YN 57-66 delivered to the U.S. Navy; YN 57-66 were awarded to Everett-Pacific in May 1942 replacing cancelled PCE 897-916 contracts.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1942-1957
- Limitations
- Private-site reproduction of official Naval Vessel Register data - content is register-derived but the site is a secondary mirror, not a .mil domain. Establishes the post-Navy chain (stricken 12 Mar 1946; MC disposal 29 Jan 1947; MA sale 27 Jan 1947; delivered to buyer 29 Jan 1947) and the documented end (burned near Wewak 3 Jun 1957 as SEA PEARL), superseding the 'fate unknown' in NavSource/NavalCoverMuseum. MC records sometimes show award dates vs. Navy delivery-receipt dates - the 27 vs 29 Jan 1947 pair reflects that documented MC/Navy date duality (class note). No asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim. Class-design complement 43 (1944) differs from the ship's documented 56 - noted in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-02
-
[4]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, USS Cornel (AN-45) page, file 09/18/18045 - volunteer archive compiling official USN register data, verified live 2026-10-05 [other_primary]
- Locator
- AN-45 page: chronology, awards/ribbons block, CO roster, specifications block (no image section for this hull)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource service-ship archive: laid down (date unknown) as yard net tender Cornel (YN-64) at Everett-Pacific Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Everett, WA; reclassified net laying ship AN-45 20 Jan 1944; launched 21 Apr 1944; commissioned USS Cornel (AN-45) 6 Jun 1944, LCDR John F. Eddy USNR; assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific Theater; decommissioned 15 Feb 1946 at San Pedro, CA; struck from the Naval Register 12 Mar 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission 29 Jan 1947 for disposal; final disposition 'fate unknown.' Awards: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal (no campaign entries or battle stars listed). Specification sheet: 1,460 t; 194'6" x 37' x 13'6"; 12.1 kt; complement 4 officers + 52 enlisted; 12 t boom; armament 1-3"/50 DP + 2-20mm AA; 760 bbl fuel; diesel-electric, Busch-Sulzer 539, two diesel-drive 60 kW 120 V DC ship's service generators, single propeller, 2,500 shp. CO roster: LCDR John Francis Eddy USNR (6 Jun 1944 - 2 Jan 1945); LT./LCDR Benjamin Joseph Little Jr. USNR (2 Jan - 17 Oct 1945); LT Herbert Louis Anderson USNR (17 Oct 1945 - 15 Feb 1946). No photographs of this hull are displayed (unlike sisters).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled archive - authoritative for the compiled register/photo data it cites but is itself a secondary compilation. Its 'fate unknown' is superseded by the register-derived ship note (ev-02: MARIA INES / SEA PEARL / burned Wewak 1957) and its missing laid-down date is supplied by the register-derived construction table (9 Oct 1943) - see correction row. 2,500 shp vs. register class figure 1,200 hp - noted in gaps. Machinery spec (diesel-electric, wooden hull, no steam plant) bounds the ship's insulation profile; contains no asbestos information and supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-03
-
[5]Naval Marine Archive, 'Everett Pacific, Everett WA' yard table (shipbuildinghistory-derived compilation), Cornel row and yard history header, verified live 2026-10-05 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Everett Pacific yard table, hull no. 9 row; yard-history paragraph above table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Builder-yard record: Cornel was yard hull no. 9 of the Everett-Pacific Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Everett WA, listed as 'Cornel (YN 64) | US Navy | Net Layer | 1,100 t | 194 ft | delivered 6-Jun-44 | Later AN 45, sold 1947.' The yard was established in 1942 with Navy funds, was bought in 1944 by Pacific Car and Foundry, closed when the lease terminated in 1949, and its site is now part of Naval Station Everett.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1942-1949
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation (shipbuildinghistory-derived data hosted by Naval Marine Archive), not a .mil or .gov source - used for yard-level construction details (hull number, delivery date) corroborated by register-derived data, and for yard history. Its 'sold 1947' disposition note is corroborated by the register-derived MC sale of Jan 1947 (ev-02). Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-04
-
[6]NARA Special List 44 - Named Vessels (deck-log inventory) + NARA 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' index page, both verified live 2026-10-05 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Special List 44 'Cornel (AN-45) | 6/6/1944 | 12/31/1945' row; digitized index at https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy-online (vessel absent - not digitized)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA deck-log inventory: Special List 44 (Named Vessels) inventories surviving Navy deck logs for Cornel (AN-45) covering 6/6/1944 - 12/31/1945 - i.e., commissioning day through the end of her wartime-service year; these are surviving-log dates, not commissioning/decommissioning assertions. Cornel does not appear on NARA's 'Navy Deck Logs Available in the National Archives Catalog' index (the digitized-logs list; full-page text scan found no Cornel entry), so these WWII logs exist on paper at Archives II (RG 24) but are not digitized.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1944-1945 (log coverage)
- Limitations
- Confirms deck logs exist for the hull's commissioned WWII service window through 31 December 1945 (the log span ends before her 1946 San Pedro decommissioning period - post-1945 logs are not inventoried on Special List 44 for this vessel). Contents unreviewed: whether the logs record any material, repair, or exposure-relevant events is unknown until the paper volumes are surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-05
-
[7]NavalCoverMuseum wiki, CORNEL AN 45 page (navalcovermuseum.org), verified live 2026-10-05 [museum_official]
- Locator
- CORNEL AN 45 page - Ship Name and Designation History table, Postmarks table (Everett WA 1944-06-03), Other Information (medals, namesake)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavalCoverMuseum CORNEL AN-45 page: designation history - keel laid as Yard Net Tender Cornel (YN-64), reclassified Net Laying Ship (AN-45) 20 Jan 1944, launched 21 Apr 1944, commissioned 6 Jun 1944 - decommissioned 15 Feb 1946, 'Struck from the Naval Register (date unknown)', transferred to the Maritime Commission 29 Jan 1947 for disposal, 'fate unknown.' Postmark record: USPO machine postmark, Everett WA, 1944-06-03 (commissioning-week postal use at the builder's city). Other information: USS CORNEL earned the American Campaign Medal, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal and the World War II Victory Medal during her Naval career; namesake 'a genus of trees, one of the most common of which is the dogwood.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Limitations
- Volunteer museum compilation of postal covers/postmarks - corroborates the designation sequence, the Everett construction location (3 Jun 1944 Everett postmark days before commissioning), and the awards set; its 'struck date unknown' and 'fate unknown' are superseded by register-derived data (ev-02: struck 12 Mar 1946; burned 3 Jun 1957). Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-06
-
[8]United States v. The M.V. Atlantic Reefer and John Doe, 221 F.2d 940 (5th Cir. 1955) - published opinion; full text located via legal-database search extracts (direct mirrors blocked automated fetch: law.justia.com HTTP 403, openjurist.org HTTP 403, ecases.us connection timeout 2026-10-05) [court_record]
- Locator
- 221 F.2d 940, at 941-942 (procedural posture and statement of facts, paragraphs (1)-(2)); sister-ships passage at 942
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Published appellate opinion corroborating the mercantile chain: United States v. The M.V. Atlantic Reefer and John Doe, 221 F.2d 940 (5th Cir. 1955) records that a libel for maritime trover and conversion was filed 9 Sep 1954 alleging that Elizabeth Cradick, as Administratrix, was record owner of 'the Maria Ines,' that during March 1954 the crew of the M.V. Atlantic Reefer stripped engines, tackle and apparel from Maria Ines while she lay moored in San Diego harbor, and that the two were 'sister ships, at one time at least under the same ownership.' Register-derived data (ev-02) identify mercantile MARIA INES as this hull and mercantile ATLANTIC REEFER as class sister USS Winterberry (YN-75/AN-56; ship note 'Merc. TROJAN, ATLANTIC REEFER 1950'). The Fifth Circuit affirmed the district court's order quashing the search warrant obtained in the dispute. This is a maritime property dispute - NOT asbestos litigation - carried strictly as vessel-history corroboration of the post-sale ownership and the hull's 1954 San Diego presence.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1954-1955 (litigation documenting Mar 1954 events)
- Limitations
- The opinion never names 'Cornel,' 'AN-45,' or 'YN-64' - the hull linkage is through the register-documented mercantile name MARIA INES (ev-02) and the Cradick ownership consistent with the MC buyer. Stage discipline: this is a final appellate ruling on a procedural point (search-warrant quash), documenting the vessel's existence and ownership as of 1954-55 - it is not exposure, injury, or asbestos evidence of any kind. verification_status partial because the opinion was read via search-index excerpts, not a full-text primary fetch; the reporter citation controls. The underlying S.D. Fla. libel file is an unsearched archival lead.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-07
-
[9]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) - DOI resolved to the Wiley article page [other_primary]
- Locator
- AJIM 11(3):359-373, article and abstract
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/class inference: Cornel was built 1943-44 at a Navy-funded emergency shipyard (Everett-Pacific, established 1942 with Navy funds) during the period when asbestos was a standard insulation and fireproofing material in U.S. naval and merchant construction. As a diesel-electric net layer on a wooden hull, she had no boiler/steam-main insulation load; era-typical asbestos applications for a naval auxiliary of this size and type would have been diesel exhaust lagging, machinery-space insulation, gaskets and packing, electrical insulation and fireproofing materials, and friction linings on net-handling machinery.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers (Everett-Pacific, Everett WA) and ship's crew (class/era context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or its class and does not establish that asbestos was installed aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. The diesel-electric plant and wooden hull (verified ship-specific, ev-02/ev-03) mean the steam-era boiler-lagging driver does not apply; residual era-typical applications remain inference.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-08
-
[10]Batch-9237 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (live), Shipscribe NVR mirror, NavSource, NavalCoverMuseum, Everett-Pacific yard table, NARA Special List 44 + digitized-logs index, NVR (no entry), MARAD ShipHistory (blocked), CourtListener (throttled - see ledger) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cornel-yn64-01 through sl-uss-cornel-yn64-15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement record, hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos litigation naming USS Cornel, YN-64, or AN-45 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The only litigation located in the hull's chain is the non-asbestos maritime property dispute Atlantic Reefer (ev-07). CourtListener status this session: all four required base queries ('USS Cornel' opinion and docket; 'AN-45' opinion and docket) were throttled by the fleet-wide pace limiter on spaced retries (helper exit 2, ~58/hr shared pacing across all batch sessions) and are logged as unsearched - not assumed negative. No asbestos-qualified variant queries were run - none were warranted: a variant is a subset of its base query, and no base query returned an overflow to subset.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 2026-10-05
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard during her 1944-46 Navy service - 1943-44 Navy construction was era-typical for asbestos use in the residual applications noted. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. CourtListener coverage is a genuine open gap this session (fleet throttle; zero of four base cells cleared) - see ledger; NARA deck logs (RG 24, verified extant 6/6/44-12/31/45) and the Maritime Commission sale file for the Jan 1947 Cradick transaction remain unsearched in paper form.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-09
-
[11]Cross-source reconciliation: Shipscribe NVR-derived construction/disposition table and ship note; DANFS Cornel entry (NHHC, live); NavSource AN-45 page; NavalCoverMuseum CORNEL AN 45 page (all verified live 2026-10-05) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Shipscribe AN-45 construction row (keel 9 Oct 43), disposition row (12 Mar 46 strike; 29 Jan 47 MC/D; 27 Jan 47 MA), ship note (Cradick/MARIA INES/SEA PEARL/Wewak); NavSource chronology lines; NavalCoverMuseum designation-history table
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source discrepancies resolved against register-derived and DANFS records: (a) Laid-down date - NavSource lists 'date unknown'; the register-derived Shipscribe construction table gives keel 9 Oct 1943 (consistent with the 21 Apr 1944 launch and 6 Jun 1944 delivery/commissioning): adopted 1943-10-09. (b) Stricken date - NavalCoverMuseum prints 'date unknown'; NavSource and the register-derived disposition row both give 12 Mar 1946: adopted 1946-03-12. (c) Final fate - NavSource and NavalCoverMuseum print 'fate unknown'; the register-derived ship note documents mercantile MARIA INES then SEA PEARL 1957, burned near Wewak, New Guinea, 3 Jun 1957: adopted. (d) MC-transaction dates - Navy 'Disp' column 29 Jan 1947 vs. 'MA Sale' 27 Jan 1947 vs. MC delivery-to-buyer receipt 29 Jan 1947: the class notes document that MC and Navy records variously carry award vs. delivery dates for this sales program; all three dates are reported rather than silently collapsed.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1943-1957
- Limitations
- Resolves publication-level gaps/conflicts in secondary compilations; the register-derived record is preferred over NavSource's 'date unknown'/'fate unknown' because it is register data with named buyers, mercantile names, and a documented loss date/location. The 27 vs 29 Jan 1947 MC sale/delivery duality is characteristic of this sales program per the class notes, not an error. No asbestos content in any of these sources.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-10
-
[12]NARA record-group guidance (RG 24 deck logs; RG 38 war diaries; RG-19 BuShips) + Special List 44 verified inventory + NavSource AN-45 page (empty photo block); Shipscribe register data documenting the MC sale and mercantile/loss chain requiring transaction and casualty files [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA deck-log guidance page; Special List 44 Cornel row; NavSource 09/18/18045.htm (no-images notice); Shipscribe AN-45 ship note (MC sale; burned Wewak)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (existence verified where noted; contents unreviewed - require research-room or reproduction order): (a) NARA RG 24 deck logs for Cornel (AN-45), verified inventoried on Special List 44 for 6/6/1944 - 12/31/1945, paper only at Archives II - would document daily locations, operations, and any aboard-material events across her commissioned WWII window through December 1945. (b) RG 38 war diaries if filed (none surfaced in digitized form). (c) RG-19 BuShips construction photographs of Everett-Pacific hull no. 9 (NavSource displays no photographs for this hull - unlike sister Corkwood, which has BuShips-attributed images; whether a class file exists for Cornel is undetermined). (d) WWII muster rolls (microfilm, Ancestry-partnered scans; hull-specific roll not located). (e) U.S. Maritime Commission/MA disposal and sale file for the January 1947 Charles W. Cradick transaction - would document delivery terms and the buyer's intended use. (f) The 1954-55 Atlantic Reefer litigation files (S.D. Fla. libel; 5th Cir. appeal 221 F.2d 940) - would document the hull's condition and equipment as Maria Ines in 1954. (g) Any record of SEA PEARL's 3 Jun 1957 loss near Wewak (register-derived note is the only located source).
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1943-1957 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping and lead identification only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents in these files is unknown until surveyed. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cornel-yn64-11