Evidence
5 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-5).
-
[1]DANFS, USS Cowpens (CVL-25) entry (verbatim transcription; live NHHC page returned 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Cowpens entry - construction paragraph, typhoon paragraph (18 Dec 1944), Magic Carpet/reserve paragraphs, strike-and-sale bracket
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Construction and service milestones (DANFS): launched 17 Jan 1943 by New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, N.J.; commissioned 28 May 1943; reclassified CVL-25 on 15 Jul 1943. During the typhoon of 18 Dec 1944 she lost one man plus planes and equipment, reached Ulithi 21 Dec for storm-damage repairs; a San Francisco overhaul followed in spring 1945. Two Magic Carpet voyages (Nov 1945-Jan 1946); placed in commission in reserve at Mare Island 3 Dec 1946; decommissioned 13 Jan 1947; struck from the Navy list 1 Nov 1959 and sold 1 Oct 1960. Navy Unit Commendation and twelve battle stars.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1941-1960
- Population
- New York Shipbuilding construction trades 1941-43; crews 1943-47; Ulithi and San Francisco repair workers 1944-45; Mare Island reserve workers 1946-47
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history from the official ship dictionary; contains no asbestos, insulation, or hazardous-material content. The entry omits the cruiser origin (CL-77 Huntington) and laid-down date - those rest on secondary builder data (see gaps); the transcription's '19559' is an obvious typo for 1959, consistent with the NHHC listing.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cowpens-cvl25-01
-
[2]NHHC, United States Naval Aviation 1910-2010, vol. II, Part IV 'Ships', Chapter 26 'Aviation Ships' - Carrier Listing, hull 25 row; NHHC Online Library USS Cowpens (CVL-25) page [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Part4.pdf carrier listing hull 25 (pp. 341-342); http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-c/cvl25.htm
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Disposition (NHHC): commissioned 28 May 1943, decommissioned 13 Jan 1947; designation CVL 25, redesignated AVT-1 on 15 May 1959; stricken 1 Nov 1959 and sold for scrapping (listing comment: 'Sold Oct. 1960').
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1943-1960
- Limitations
- Official NHHC tabular data consistent with DANFS (sold Oct 1960). A secondary account (MaritimeQuest/NavSource-indexed) gives a May 1960 sale to Zidell Explorations - an unresolved one-month conflict logged in gaps. No material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cowpens-cvl25-02
-
[3]U.S. Navy, Bureau of Ships Technical Manual, NAVSHIPS 250-000, Chapter 39 'Thermal Insulation' (1960, page date 15 April 1959) [other_primary]
- Locator
- BuShips TM ch.39, materials sections (verbatim OCR text of retrieved PDF scan)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class/era material context: cruiser-hull conversion construction (keel as CL-77, November 1941; carrier conversion through commissioning May 1943) inside the Navy asbestos-specification era. The 1960 BuShips Technical Manual's insulation chapter enumerates the asbestos material suite standard to Navy steam plants of this construction era: MIL-P-2781 pipe covering including 85% magnesia 'formed from a combination of 85 percent magnesium carbonate with about 15 percent asbestos fiber' and a class 'formed from a uniform mixture of amosite asbestos fibers'; roll asbestos felt MIL-I-15091; asbestos cloth/tape SS-C-466 (80-95% chrysotile) as lagging; asbestos millboard HH-M-351; asbestos finishing cement; molded asbestos block for high-temperature service. Her four Babcock & Wilcox boilers, GE geared turbines, and steam piping are the equipment classes those specifications cover.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1941-1943 construction; 1960 manual describing era-standard specifications
- Population
- New York Shipbuilding construction trades 1941-43; crews and repair workers
- Limitations
- Specification-level documentation of what the Navy specified, not a ship-specific installation record - establishes what the era insulation suite contained, not what is or was aboard this hull. The retrieved PDF is a scan hosted in the Garlock bankruptcy Daubert-appendix repository; the document itself is the government manual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cowpens-cvl25-03
-
[4]Simmons v. Pacor, Inc., 543 Pa. 664, 674 A.2d 232 (Pa. 1996) [court_record]
- Locator
- 674 A.2d 232 - factual recital (Murray employment at NYSB Camden; trial testimony)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Pennsylvania Supreme Court opinion (consolidated appeal on a trial record) documents Theodore Murray's work as carpenter, joiner, pipecoverer and insulator at New York Shipbuilding Company, Camden, N.J., 1952-1967, with 'considerable asbestos exposure in all areas of his employment' - the yard that built this hull in 1941-43.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1952-1967 yard employment; opinion 1996
- Population
- New York Shipbuilding insulation/carpentry trades
- Limitations
- Builder-yard context only. The documented exposure period (1952-67) postdates this hull's construction (1941-43); establishes the yard's asbestos work environment in the immediately following era, not material aboard this hull. The opinion's holding (asymptomatic pleural thickening non-compensable) concerns injury definition, not exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cowpens-cvl25-04
-
[5]Batch-67 search ledger (this record): DANFS/NHHC; NHHC Online Library; NHHC carrier listing; CourtListener API (blocked HTTP 429); substitute web-index litigation sweep; NavSource (DNS unreachable); hazegray (DNS unreachable) [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cowpens-cvl25-01 through sl-uss-cowpens-cvl25-07
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, insulation inventory, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Cowpens (CVL-25) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). Litigation sweeps surfaced only law-firm marketing pages - banned sources carrying no opinion record; the class profile's 2026-09-16 CourtListener sweep likewise found no qualifying member-naming opinion. The hull was scrapped in 1960-61; no survey path remains.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- search date 2026-09-18
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1941-43 New York Shipbuilding build is peak-era for marine asbestos applications. CourtListener API was rate-limited this session so the litigation sweep is a web-index substitute plus the class profile's 2026-09-16 sweep; unindexed or settled matters are invisible to both. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cowpens-cvl25-05