Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
-
[1]DANFS, Cread (DE-227/APD-88) (Office of the Chief of Naval Operations, Naval History Division; verbatim hazegray DANFS transcription - live NHHC page returns 404 on current and legacy URL patterns) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Cread (DE-227)' - namesake biography, spec block, service narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull. Namesake: Walter Irving Cread, born 18 November 1923 in Los Angeles, Calif.; enlisted in the Naval Reserve 18 August 1941; rated fireman third class 18 October 1941 and assigned to duty in Hornet (CV-8); as fireman second class, killed in action 12 December 1942 while attached to Motor Torpedo Boat Squadron 2. Spec block (APD-88): 1,450 t; 306 ft; 36 ft 10 in beam; 9 ft 8 in draft; 24 kt; complement 186; 2x5in; class Crosley. Build/service: launched 12 February 1944 by Philadelphia Navy Yard, sponsored by Mrs. H. Bergman, aunt of the namesake; reclassified APD-88 17 July 1944; commissioned 29 July 1945, Cdr. P. E. Cherry, USNR, in command; departed Philadelphia 20 August 1945 for shakedown at Guantanamo Bay, returning to Norfolk 28 September for overhaul; Navy Day at Richmond, Va.; NROTC midshipman training cruise 30 October - 5 November; arrived Green Cove Springs, Fla., 28 November for inactivation; placed out of commission in reserve there 15 March 1946.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Philadelphia Navy Yard construction and conversion trades 1943-45; USN crew 1945-46 (design complement 186)
- Limitations
- DANFS documents construction milestones, specifications, and service history - not materials or asbestos content. The entry does not state a laid-down date, and the transcribed entry ends at decommissioning - striking (1960) and sale (1961) are not covered here and rest on secondary sources (gaps). Live NHHC page returns 404 on both current and legacy URL patterns (standing defect); verbatim mirror transcription cited.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cread-de227-01
-
[2]NavSource Online Destroyer Escort Photo Archive, USS Cread (DE-227/APD-88) page (volunteer archive; lead-level): class header (Rudderow), building/operational data block, machinery and armament data [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource DE-227/APD-88 page, 'CLASS - Rudderow' header and 'Operational and Building Data' block
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Photo-archive building/operational data corroborating and extending DANFS: laid down by Philadelphia Navy Yard 16 October 1943 (a date DANFS does not state); launched 12 February 1944; reclassified APD-88 and 'converted while still under construction'; commissioned 'July 29 1944' - a date conflicting with DANFS's 29 July 1945 and inconsistent with the DANFS August-1945 shakedown narrative; decommissioned 15 March 1946; stricken 1 June 1960; 'Sold February 21 1961 and broken up for scrap.' Machinery block: GE turbines with electric drive, 2 screws, ~12,000 shp, 24 kt, crew 186; armament 2x5in/38 AA, 4x40mm, 10x20mm, 3x21in TT, 1 hedgehog, 8 DCT, 2 DC racks (as-designed DE fit).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1961
- Population
- USN crew 1945-46
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained photo archive - lead-level documentation, not an official record; its laid-down, stricken, and sale dates are the only located statements and are unverified against USN/NARA originals. Its 'commissioned July 29 1944' conflicts with DANFS (29 July 1945) and with the DANFS service narrative - DANFS date carried, conflict in gaps. Armament block reflects the as-designed DE fit; the APD conversion altered weapons and added troop berthing and boat davits. Nothing on materials aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cread-de227-02
-
[3]TE-design group data (Rudderow class = turbo-electric drive, per NavSource machinery block; corroborated by Atlas class profile buckley-class.class.json TE design-group data drawing on BuShips 'Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels 1945' Vol. I DE section) + Atlas shipyards.json record 'philadelphia-naval-shipyard' (tier 3; documented products and OSHA inspection history) [other_primary]
- Locator
- class-f/buckley-class.class.json propulsion_summary (TE group data); shipyards.json 'philadelphia-naval-shipyard' evidence rows and asbestos_products_documented
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a steam-plant escort built at Philadelphia Navy Yard 1943-45: the TE machinery plant - steam boilers feeding GE turbine-generators with electric drive, 2 shafts, ~12,000 shp - places this hull in the full-steam category shared with the Buckley-class TE design, so the heavy steam-ship asbestos categories apply at the era level: boiler and fireroom insulation, steam-line and turbine lagging, valve and flange gaskets, packing, fireproofing, deck coverings. Builder context: Philadelphia Naval Shipyard is a documented tier-3 yard in the Atlas dataset - named asbestos products identified by workers in published appellate opinions covering 1941-1984 (Eagle-Picher Super 60, Onecote cement, Thermasil pipe covering/block, Unibestos, Cary block, Baldwin-Ehret-Hill, Carey, Kaylo, Garlock sheet gaskets and packing, Ruberoid, Johns-Manville pipe insulation) plus a 1989 OSHA inspection with a 90-percent bulk asbestos sample - the hull's entire construction and APD conversion at that yard sit inside the documented window.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-45 (construction/conversion); 1941-84 (yard documentation window)
- Population
- Philadelphia Navy Yard construction and conversion trades 1943-45; USN engineering crew 1945-46
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - not a ship-specific finding. The yard's litigation-documented products are identified to the yard, not to this hull, and span 1941-1984 (broader than the 1943-45 build window). Does not establish asbestos presence, quantity, location, or any individual exposure aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cread-de227-03
-
[4]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2 product page
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's extensive shipboard asbestos insulation use with substitution of alternative materials not beginning until the early 1970s - this hull's entire existence (1943-45 construction and APD conversion, 1945-46 commissioned service, 1946-60 reserve layup, 1961 scrapping) falls inside the documented asbestos-use era and entirely predates the substitution era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- report 1979; era coverage through early 1970s substitution
- Population
- Navy shipboard and shipyard populations 1940s-1970s (context)
- Limitations
- Program-level era context, not a hull finding - the report does not name this vessel. Establishes the asbestos-use era the hull was built and operated in; establishes nothing about materials actually installed aboard, quantities, or exposure. gao.gov blocks automated fetches (HTTP 403) - product-page description relied on, same standing limitation as prior batches.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cread-de227-04
-
[5]CourtListener API v4 sweep (opinion index type=o) for exact name 'USS Cread' and hull numbers 'DE-227' / 'APD-88' via cl-auth-search.py (authenticated, fleet-paced); RECAP-docket queries per search_ledger [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cread-de227-05, -06, -07, -08, -11
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener sweep: exact-name query '"USS Cread"' (type=o) returned 0 results - no opinion naming this vessel located in the opinion index. Hull-number query '"APD-88"' (type=o) returned 0 results. Hull-number query '"DE-227"' (type=o) returned 16 hits, all string collisions on manual review - golf-club membership, EEOC, securities, insurance, and Puerto Rican Spanish-language case text ('corte de', 'de 227' fragments) plus unrelated docket/address numerals; none references a vessel, naval service, or asbestos. RECAP docket index: '"USS Cread"' (type=r) returned 0 results; '"Cread" asbestos' (type=r) returned 7 dockets, all name collisions - 'Cread' appears as a surname/record string (including inside the W.R. Grace D. Del. 01-01139 and Bestwall W.D.N.C. 17-03105 asbestos bankruptcies and the national opiate MDL), not as this vessel. No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull located.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Limitations
- Opinion index swept for the exact ship name and both hull numbers; docket index swept for the exact name and for 'Cread'+asbestos. All 23 raw hits are string collisions - none names the vessel. The sweep does not cover state-court records, trust claims, or non-U.S. jurisdictions, and does not prove no claims exist. 'Cread' is a surname - any future hit needs collision classification rather than automatic attribution.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cread-de227-05
-
[6]Batch-4146 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS + hazegray mirror, NVR, NavSource, Atlas shipyard dataset, Atlas class profiles, CourtListener API v4, NARA digitized collections [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cread-de227-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no ACM survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material-condition report, or litigation naming this hull was found in the public sources searched. No preservation-era documentation can exist - the hull was sold and broken up in 1961 and was never a museum, memorial, or post-1960 reserve asset. The commissioned career (July 1945 - March 1946) is among the shortest in the DE/APD production run, narrowing every exposure window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era/design inference (ev-03) and the documented Navy asbestos-use era (ev-04) remain consistent with period-standard materials. The hull no longer exists, so no present-day survey is possible. Construction/conversion-era yard records and inactivation files are paper leads only (ev-07).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cread-de227-06
-
[7]NARA RG 19 (BuShips contract specifications / General Information Books) for DE-227 and the APD-88 conversion at Philadelphia Navy Yard; NARA RG 24 Entry 118 deck logs covering the August 1945 - March 1946 commissioned period; Philadelphia Navy Yard APD-conversion work orders; Green Cove Springs inactivation and INSURV records; 1960 striking and 1961 sale/disposal documentation - all undigitized or not located online [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 19/RG 24 Entry 118 series; Philadelphia Navy Yard work-order records; reserve-fleet inactivation files (undigitized)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads for hull-level material documentation not yet retrieved: (1) NARA RG 19 holds BuShips per-vessel specifications and ships-data books covering DE-227's construction and its APD-88 conversion, both executed at Philadelphia Navy Yard; (2) NARA RG 24 deck logs cover the short commissioned period (Guantanamo shakedown, Norfolk overhaul, Richmond Navy Day, NROTC cruise, Green Cove Springs inactivation) and record yard availabilities; (3) Philadelphia Navy Yard conversion work orders document the DE-to-APD material changes during construction; (4) Green Cove Springs inactivation/INSURV records and the 1960-61 striking and sale files document material condition at disposal.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1961 (records); 2026 (lead status)
- Limitations
- Leads only - none of these holdings were pulled or digitized; contents unknown. They establish nothing about materials aboard. NARA catalog returns an SPA shell to programmatic fetches (same standing limitation as prior batches); per-vessel digitization status of the RG 24 deck-log series is unverified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cread-de227-07