Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]DANFS, Crosley (APD-87) entry - verbatim official Naval History Division text via HyperWar transcription (live NHHC page returns 404; identical transcription at losthistory.net/hazegray mirror under DE-226) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Crosley (APD-87)', specifications block + full service narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: namesake Rear Admiral Walter Selywn Crosley (1871-1939); Crosley (DE-226) launched 12 February 1944 by Philadelphia Navy Yard; reclassified APD-87 17 July 1944; sponsored by Mrs. W. S. Crosley; commissioned 22 October 1944, Lt. Comdr. A. W. P. Trench, USNR, in command. Departed Norfolk 21 December 1944; Pearl Harbor 16 January 1945 for underwater demolition team training; San Pedro Bay P.I. 4 March for Okinawa rehearsals; sortied 21 March; off the invasion beaches 27 March as mother ship for UDT 17; after the 1 April assault, patrol and screening duty; aided kamikaze victims 'Dickerson (APD-79)' 2 April [printed thus - Dickerson was APD-21] and Whitehurst (DE-634) 12 April; convoy escort Okinawa-Ulithi then Okinawa-Leyte 20 April-7 June; Leyte 28 August landing 40th Infantry Division troops at Jinsen for the occupation of southern Korea; pilot ship Jinsen from 21 September; troops reembarked for Pusan; 3 October rescued 45 Japanese survivors from a damaged sailing vessel; occupation duty and China troop redeployment until departing Shanghai 29 March 1946; overhaul at Philadelphia; decommissioned and placed in reserve at Green Cove Springs, Fla. 15 November 1946. One battle star for WWII service. Spec block: dp. 1,400; l. 306'; b. 36'10"; dr. 13'6"; s. 24 k.; cpl. 186; a. 1 5"; cl. Crosley.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Philadelphia Navy Yard construction/conversion trades 1943-44; wartime crew (design complement 186); UDT 17 embarked personnel; repair/overhaul yard workers 1946
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and design-block specifications, not materials or asbestos content. Entry gives no laid-down date (supplied from BuShips Ships' Data Vol. III). The transcription prints 'Dickerson (APD-79)' - Dickerson was APD-21 and APD-79 was Bunch; a DANFS typo carried as printed, not silently corrected. 'Overhaul at Philadelphia' names no yard. Mirror transcription cited because the live NHHC page returns 404 (standing link-rot issue).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-01
-
[2]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. III - Auxiliaries (NAVSHIPS 250-012, 15 April 1945), APD characteristics tables, entry 34 (shipscribe.com scan of the official publication) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v3 pp. 292-297 (APD characteristics, machinery, armament, and construction tables; printed pp. 292, 293, 294, 296, 297)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official BuShips characteristics record for this hull (entry 'CROSLEY (ex-DE226), APD 87', table entry 34): length overall 306 ft 0 in, waterline 300 ft 0 in, extreme beam 37 ft 0 in, trial speed 23.6 kt, trial displacement 1,650 t; limiting displacement 2,130 t; limiting draft 12 ft 7 in; total accommodations 12 officers + 192 enlisted; troop capacity 12 officers + 150 enlisted; largest boom 10 t; machinery two propellers, G.E. turbo-electric, 12,000 shp, with two 'D' Express-type boilers at 435 psi / 750F; armament one 5-inch/38 cal. (D.P.) mount and three twin 40-mm A.A. mounts; construction table: built by Navy Yard, Philadelphia, Pa.; keel laid 16 Oct 43; launched 12 Feb 44; first commission 22 Oct 44.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Philadelphia Navy Yard construction trades 1943-44; wartime crew and embarked troops
- Limitations
- Official contemporaneous registry/characteristics data - documents machinery, capacities, and construction dates but says nothing about insulation materials or asbestos content. Boiler manufacturer is not named for the APD table rows ('D' Exp = 'D' Express-type boiler designation, maker unspecified in this table). OCR extraction verified against layout-preserved text.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-02
-
[3]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS Crosley (APD-87) chronology and spec block (NVR-derived dates) + NavalCoverMuseum CROSLEY APD-87 designation history + NHHC Online Library of Selected Images APD hull index (ibiblio.org/hyperwar mirror) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.org/archives/10/04/04087.htm chronology/spec/CO blocks; navalcovermuseum.org/wiki/CROSLEY_APD_87 designation history; ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/shusn-no/apd-no.htm (NHHC index text)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Registry-compilation corroboration for this hull: laid down as Rudderow-class destroyer escort Crosley (DE-226) at Philadelphia Navy Yard; reclassified Crosley-class high-speed transport APD-87 on 17 July 1944 while under construction; commissioned USS Crosley (APD-87) 22 October 1944, LCDR Archer W. P. Trench USNR; Asiatic-Pacific service with TransDiv One Hundred Three (CDR W. S. Parsons USN); Okinawa Gunto operation 26 March-16 May 1945; Navy Occupation Service Medal and China Service Medal (extended) coverage 2 September 1945-29 March 1946; decommissioned 15 November 1946 at Green Cove Springs FL and laid up in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Florida Group; struck from the Naval Register 1 June 1960; transferred to Ecuador as a power hulk, fate unknown. NHHC Online Library index entry reads 'APD-87: Crosley (1944-1961). Begun as DE-226' and notes that post-war many APDs were 'sold or transferred to foreign nations, either for naval service or for employment as floating electrical generating plants.' Commanding officers: LCDR A. W. P. Trench (to 10 Jan 1946), LT W. J. Tierney (to 1 Sep 1946), ENS F. T. Walker (to decommissioning 15 Nov 1946). Photo captions place the hull at Green Cove Springs reserve basin in 1946 (All Hands Aug 1946) and September 1960.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1961
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Secondary compilations of official registry data (NavSource, NavalCoverMuseum) plus the NHHC Online Library index text - consistent with DANFS and Ships' Data on all shared points, but the 1 June 1960 strike and the Ecuador power-hulk transfer are not confirmed against the official NVR (pre-1987 disposals are excluded from the online NVR). Transfer date/mechanism and Ecuadorian fate undocumented. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-03
-
[4]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. III (NAVSHIPS 250-012, 15 Apr 1945), APD machinery table (shipscribe.com scan) + Atlas shipyard dataset, Philadelphia Naval Shipyard record (tier 3) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v3 p. 294 APD machinery table (Crosley row); shipyards.json record 'philadelphia-naval-shipyard' (ev-philadelphia-naval-s-02 product-ID row; Taylor v. Celotex 393 Pa. Super. 566 (1990) et al.)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class/era propulsion and builder-yard documentation: the Crosley class were Rudderow-class destroyer-escort hulls completed as high-speed transports, retaining the TE/TEV-family turbo-electric plant - BuShips Ships' Data records two 'D' Express-type boilers at 435 psi/750F feeding G.E. turbo-electric machinery at 12,000 shp on two shafts. This is the steam-plant escort design group, the most asbestos-relevant DE/APD machinery family: a 1943-44 steam-plant hull of this design would have carried period-standard asbestos insulation on boilers and steam lines, turbine insulation, valve and flange gaskets, machinery packing, fireproofing, and deck coverings. Builder Philadelphia Naval Shipyard is documented at yard level in the Atlas dataset (tier 3): named asbestos products (Eagle-Picher Super 60, Thermasil pipe covering and block, Unibestos, Kaylo, Cary/Baldwin-Ehret-Hill/Carey products, Garlock sheet gaskets and packing, Ruberoid, Johns-Manville pipe insulation) were identified in published appellate product-ID opinions covering yard workers 1941-1984 - spanning this hull's 1943-44 construction/conversion and its 1946 Philadelphia overhaul.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Philadelphia Navy Yard construction trades 1943-44 and 1946 overhaul workers; crew 1944-46
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - not a ship-specific finding. No hull material schedule located (NARA RG19 General Information Books are the archival lead). Yard-level product identification documents the construction environment, not installation aboard this hull. Does not establish asbestos presence, quantity, or exposure aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-04
-
[5]DANFS 'Crosley' entry (hazegray transcription) covering both hulls: 'Crosley (DE-108) was transferred to France under lend lease 11 February 1944 and renamed Tunisien...' vs. Crosley (DE-226) -> APD-87 (this hull) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Crosley' entry, both paragraphs (DE-108 and APD-87); HyperWar APD-87 spec page (mislabeled)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Hull-identity correction: two different hulls carried the name Crosley for RADM Walter S. Crosley. DE-108 (the first) was transferred to France under lend-lease 11 February 1944 and renamed Tunisien - a different vessel that never served the U.S. fleet under this record's identity and must not be merged into or aliased onto this hull. This hull, DE-226, was reclassified APD-87 on 17 July 1944 while under construction and commissioned as a Crosley-class high-speed transport - DE-226 and APD-87 are one physical vessel, not two hulls. Separately, the HyperWar 'Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940-1945' APD-87 page mislabels Crosley as 'Charles Lawrence class' and prints 'commissioned 1945' - DANFS and BuShips Ships' Data control (Crosley class, commissioned 22 October 1944).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1944
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Correction row preserving hull identity: prevents DE-108/Tunisien from being treated as an alias of this hull and prevents the HyperWar class/commissioning mislabeling from propagating. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-05
-
[6]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2 product page (title, issue date, program description)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Navy program-level context: GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection posture - standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, modified 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place for decades unless a yard period disturbed it. Relevant here only as era policy context: Crosley's hull was stricken 1 June 1960 and left U.S. custody (~1961) well before the documented policy window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1975-1979 (policy); hull context 1943-1961
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Program-level finding, not ship-specific: the 1975-79 policy window postdates the hull's transfer out of U.S. custody; carried strictly as Navy asbestos-policy context for the era. gao.gov blocks automated fetch (HTTP 403) - product-page description used.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-06
-
[7]NARA, Logbooks of the U.S. Navy Ships and Stations (RG 24, Entry 118 / Special List #44 coverage to 1947; National Archives Identifier 594258) + RG 19 General Information Books [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov deck-log program page; NARA Identifier 594258 series; Special List #44
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads: DE-226/APD-87's 1944-1946 deck logs fall within NARA RG 24 / Special List #44 coverage of Navy logbooks (1801-1947); WWII-era deck logs for this hull exist in textual holdings with digitization in progress per NARA's deck-log program. Deck logs would document operations, UDT-17 embarkation, and any recorded repairs, not material schedules. NARA RG19 General Information Books (per-vessel material specifications) are the parallel archival lead for hull-level material data.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1944-1946
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Lead only - no retrieval performed. Deck logs document operations, not asbestos content; whether Crosley's logs are digitized in the National Archives Catalog was not verified this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-07
-
[8]CourtListener API v4 authenticated sweep (this record's search ledger): "USS Crosley" type=o returned 0 opinions [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-crosley-de226-04 through sl-uss-crosley-de226-06
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Litigation sweep result: the authenticated CourtListener opinion index (type=o) contains zero opinions naming 'USS Crosley'. Hull-number sweeps ('APD-87', 'DE-226') and RECAP docket-type sweeps were blocked by fleet-wide pacing contention across spaced attempts this session - residual unreviewed opinion/docket-text references cannot be excluded (see search_ledger). 'Crosley' is a high-collision name (Crosley Corp./Powel Crosley radio-appliance litigation), so hull-number and docket coverage matter more than the bare surname.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Coverage partial: only the 'USS Crosley' opinion sweep completed (0 hits). Name/hull-number opinion sweeps and all docket-type sweeps were blocked by fleet pacing; this row records verified zero coverage for completed queries and honest incompletion for the rest. Does not establish that no litigation exists - only that none was located in the completed sweep.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-08
-
[9]Batch-4145 search ledger (this record): verbatim DANFS transcription (HyperWar + hazegray mirror); official BuShips Ships' Data Vol. III NAVSHIPS 250-012 (shipscribe scan); NHHC Online Library APD index (HyperWar mirror); NavSource/NavalCoverMuseum registry compilations; shipyards.json Philadelphia Naval Shipyard record; CourtListener authenticated API v4 sweep (partial - fleet pacing); NARA deck-log program page [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-crosley-de226-01 through sl-uss-crosley-de226-07
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no hull ACM survey, abatement contract, disposal hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos case naming DE-226/APD-87 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The completed 'USS Crosley' CourtListener opinion sweep returned zero hits; hull-number and docket-type sweeps were fleet-pacing-blocked (logged). 'USS Crosley' appears on law-firm marketing ship lists (simmonsfirm.com, mesotheliomahelp.org) - banned sources; presence on marketing lists is not evidence.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943-44 steam-plant hull is era-consistent with ACM, and the hull survives (or survived) as a power hulk in Ecuador whose material condition is undocumented. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-crosley-de226-09