Evidence
12 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-12).
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[1]CourtListener opinion search: 'USS Cymophane' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search 'USS Cymophane' returned 0 results (2026-10-07)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Limitations
- zero-hit search; absence of hits is not proof of no litigation
- Evidence ID
- uss-cymophane-pyc26-cl-name-opinion
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[2]CourtListener docket search: 'USS Cymophane' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener docket search 'USS Cymophane' returned 1 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed; name query may match same-named vessels
- Evidence ID
- uss-cymophane-pyc26-cl-name-docket
-
[3]CourtListener opinion search: 'PYC-26' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search 'PYC-26' returned 20 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed
- Evidence ID
- uss-cymophane-pyc26-cl-hull-opinion
-
[4]CourtListener docket search: 'PYC-26' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener docket search 'PYC-26' returned 791 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed
- Evidence ID
- uss-cymophane-pyc26-cl-hull-docket
-
[5]DANFS Vol. II p.227, Cymophane (verbatim transcription - live NHHC DANFS page returned 404 on 2026-09-19) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS Vol. II p.227 transcription, Cymophane entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: built 1926 by Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co.; acquired by the Navy 2 March 1942; commissioned 6 August 1942, Lt. R. M. Hull, USNR; departed Sturgeon Bay, Wis. 9 August 1942 after conversion, via Cleveland and the St. Lawrence River to Nova Scotia, convoy to New York arriving 2 September; served under 3rd Naval District; reassigned to 5th Naval District, arrived Norfolk 21 November 1942; anti-submarine patrol, convoy escort, and rescue operations until 6 August 1944; decommissioned at Philadelphia Navy Yard 25 August 1944; after overhaul placed in service 21 September 1944; attached to the Underwater Sound Laboratory at New London, alternating experimental work with submarine training until 30 April 1946; placed out of service at Brooklyn Navy Yard 23 May 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission 10 June 1948. Spec line: 523 t. (f.), 161' x 26' x 9'9", 14 kts., complement 49, one 3-inch gun.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1926-1948
- Population
- Ship's company (complement 49); conversion workers at Sturgeon Bay (1942); Philadelphia Navy Yard (1944-45 overhaul); Brooklyn Navy Yard (1946)
- Limitations
- Official Navy history, authoritative for the service chronology. Contains no asbestos, materials, insulation, or hazardous-condition statement. Does not name the converting yard at Sturgeon Bay, the strike date, or post-1948 disposition. Its 'built ... as Sea forth' phrasing conflicts with registry/production records showing the yacht was built as Robador and renamed Seaforth in 1929 (see correction row ev-03); its decommission date (25 Aug 1944) conflicts with NavSource (23 Aug 1944).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-01
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[6]NavSource Online patrol-craft archive, Cymophane (PYc-26) page; corroborated by Newport News Shipbuilding production-record compilations (shipbuildinghistory.com / navalmarinearchive.com PYc list, hull 316) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.org/archives/12/1426.htm; shipbuildinghistory.com/smallships/py.htm; hazegray.org NNS production record (hull 316) via search index - hazegray.org itself unreachable 2026-09-19
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled-registry record for this hull: built 1926 as the yacht Robador at Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Corp. (yard hull 316) for Robert Law, Jr., completion date 17 August 1926; renamed Seaforth 1929; acquired by the Navy 2 March 1942 from Herman F. Falk of Milwaukee, WI; decommissioned 23 August 1944 at Philadelphia Navy Yard; placed out of service 23 May 1946 at Brooklyn Navy Yard; struck from the Naval Register 5 June 1946; transferred to the Maritime Commission for disposal 10 June 1948; sold 1952 to Visitor, Inc. of New York, renamed Seaforth; dismantled 1956. Additional specs beyond the DANFS line: one 3"/50 dual-purpose mount plus two .50-cal machine guns; propulsion two 900-shp Winton 121 diesel engines, twin screw - i.e., a diesel plant with no boilers or steam system.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1926-1956
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled secondary registries, not official records - carried for identity/disposition particulars consistent across two independent compilations and partially corroborated by the official-number record (ev-03). Details resting solely on these compilations - the 5 June 1946 strike date, the 23 August 1944 decommission date, the Falk sale, the Winton 121 engine fit, the .50-cal armament, and the 1952 sale/1956 dismantling - are unverified against an official record. No asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-02
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[7]Milwaukee Public Library, Milwaukee Waterways marine collection - registry record for yacht Seaforth, U.S. Official No. 225877, alternate ship name Robador (photo records dated 1936 and 1942-03-03) [museum_official]
- Locator
- Milwaukee Waterways collection, items Marine0274.jpg (1942-03-03) and Marine0273.jpg (1936)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The official-number record ties both names to one hull: the pleasure yacht Seaforth (O.N. 225877, built 1926, photographed on the Milwaukee River on 1942-03-03 - the day after Navy acquisition - and cataloged with alternate name Robador). This confirms the production-record/NavSource naming chain - built as Robador (1926), renamed Seaforth (1929) - against DANFS's wording 'built in 1926 as Sea forth,' which compresses the name history. Separately, strike-date sources conflict: compiled registries give 5 June 1946 while Wikipedia-style infoboxes give 10 June 1948, which conflates the Maritime Commission transfer date.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1926-1948
- Limitations
- Corrects published name/date framing only; an official-number registry record contains no materials, asbestos, or condition information. The 1929 rename date itself rests on NavSource (unverified against a primary registry page image - the MPL record establishes that both names attach to O.N. 225877, not when the change occurred).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-03
-
[8]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AJIM 11(3):359-373, abstract and article
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and program under which this yacht was acquired and converted for naval patrol service in 1942 - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in ship construction and repair.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard and conversion-yard workers (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarship; does not name this vessel and does not establish that asbestos was, or remains, aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. Conversion yards on the Great Lakes (Sturgeon Bay) are not individually addressed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-04
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[9]DANFS Vol. II p.227 (documented acquisition, conversion, and overhaul events) + NavSource propulsion spec (two Winton 121 diesels) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS service narrative (conversion, Philadelphia Navy Yard overhaul); NavSource spec block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- This hull is documented as a 1926 diesel-powered yacht converted for naval service at Sturgeon Bay in mid-1942 and overhauled at Philadelphia Navy Yard in 1944. In the era's naval practice, insulation and fireproofing aboard converted vessels of this type was asbestos-consistent; era-typical applications for a diesel yacht are exhaust-system lagging, machinery gaskets and packing, electrical insulation, and interior insulation/joiner materials. The diesel plant (no boilers, no steam lines) narrows the typical-application list relative to steam ships.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1926; 1942-1946
- Population
- Sturgeon Bay conversion workers (1942); Philadelphia Navy Yard overhaul workers (1944); ship's company (49)
- Limitations
- Inference from documented plant type plus documented conversion/overhaul events plus era practice - no hull-specific insulation, materials, or abatement record located. Does not establish that asbestos was or is aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation. The engine fit itself rests on compiled registries (ev-02), not an official spec.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-05
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[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program and its insulation-removal policies at naval shipyards - the institutional context for this hull's documented 1944 Philadelphia Navy Yard overhaul and 1946 Brooklyn Navy Yard inactivation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1979 (report); yard periods 1944-1946
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program context)
- Limitations
- Yard/program-level documentation, not hull-specific; the report's fieldwork yards (Long Beach, Norfolk) do not include Philadelphia or Brooklyn, and the document does not name this vessel. Does not establish what materials were installed, removed, or retained aboard this hull during either yard period. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocked automated fetch, HTTP 403) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-06
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[11]Batch-321 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS; DANFS transcription mirror; NavSource PYc-26 page; Newport News production-record compilations; Milwaukee Public Library marine collection; NVR; MARAD ShipHistory; Mystic Seaport yacht-register index; CourtListener [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-cymophane-pyc26-01 through sl-uss-cymophane-pyc26-11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or materials record naming Cymophane/PYc-26 (or the yacht Robador/Seaforth, O.N. 225877) was found in the sources searched (see search_ledger). The litigation limb of the search could not be completed: CourtListener API was rate-limited (HTTP 429, daily quota exhausted) at both attempts, so 'no docketed case' is NOT asserted - it remains an open gap.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 2026-09-19
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1926 hull converted under wartime conditions is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility. Litigation coverage incomplete by infrastructure failure, not by negative search - see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-07
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[12]NARA guidance - Logbooks of the US Navy (RG 24, Entry 118, NAID 581208, College Park for 1941+ logs; Special List #44); NARA Guide to Federal Records RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) and RG 178 (U.S. Maritime Commission) [other_primary]
- Locator
- https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy ; https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/019.html ; https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/178.html
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - research-room or reproduction work; no spend authorized): (a) RG 24 Entry 118 Navy deck logs, 1942-1946, NARA College Park - would document operations, yard periods, and may note material work; (b) RG 19 Bureau of Ships records - conversion specifications for the 1942 Sturgeon Bay work and the 1944-45 Philadelphia overhaul; (c) RG 178 U.S. Maritime Commission disposal/custody files for the 1948 transfer and the 1952 sale to Visitor, Inc.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1942-1956 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; whether asbestos-specific documents for this hull exist is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-cymophane-pyc26-08