Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
-
[1]research packet jx-packet.md (1 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-de-276-de276-pkt-jx-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, 'George' combined entry (DE-276 and DE-697), NHHC - verbatim text via Wayback capture 2025-02-02 of the NHHC page (live https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/g/george.html returns 404; standing NHHC rot as in prior batches) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC DANFS 'George' page, DE-276 spec block and narrative paragraph (Wayback capture 20250202195128); 'Goodson' name entry at hazegray mirror notes 'A British name retained. William Goodson, a captain in the British Navy, commanded Entrance in 1653' (https://losthistory.net/hazegray/danfs/escorts/de276.htm)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull (the DE-276 section of the combined 'George' entry): '(DE-276; dp. 1,150; l. 289'5"; b. 35'; dr. 10'5"; s. 19.5 k.; cpl. 198; a. 3 3", 4 1.1"; 9 20mm., 8 dcp., 1 dcp. (h.h.), 2 dct.; cl. Evarts)' and 'DE-276 was laid down as George 20 May 1943 by Boston Navy Yard; assigned to the United Kingdom under the lend-lease 22 June 1943; launched 8 July 1943; transferred to the United Kingdom 9 October 1943; and commissioned in the British Royal Navy as HMS Goodson. During the remainder of World War II, she served on escort and patrol duty in the Atlantic and along the English coast. She supported the Allied Invasion of Europe at Normandy 6 June 1944. Damaged late in August, she was returned to the United States 21 October. On 9 January 1947 she was sold to John Lee of Belfast, N.I.' Namesake: Eugene Frank George, born Grand Rapids, Mich., 23 April 1925; enlisted 18 May 1942; antiaircraft gunner on San Francisco (CA-38); killed 12 November 1942 at Guadalcanal when a damaged torpedo-bomber crashed his gun position; posthumous Navy Cross. A second destroyer escort, George (DE-697, Buckley class), was named for the same man.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- Boston Navy Yard construction trades 1943; Royal Navy crew Oct 1943-Jun 1944 (DANFS design complement 198)
- Limitations
- DANFS documents construction, specifications, and service history - not materials or asbestos content. The entry's 'Damaged late in August' conflicts with the 25 June 1944 U-984 torpedo date carried by uboat.net, NavSource, and secondary literature (see ev-03 and gaps); the DANFS phrasing is carried verbatim, not silently reconciled. Lend-lease assignment (22 June 1943) precedes launch (8 July 1943) - allocation was made while the hull was on the ways. No USN strike date is stated. Live NHHC page 404s; the archived capture of the NHHC page itself is cited.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-01
-
[3]NavSource Online Destroyer Escort Photo Archive, 'George (DE-276) / HMS Goodson (K-480)' page (volunteer archive; lead-level): class/type line, building/operational data block, fate line, one captioned photograph (HMS Goodson, late 1943, Tony West) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource DE-276 page, 'Operational and Building Data' block, spec table, fate line
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Photo-archive data block for this hull: 'CLASS: Evarts (lend-lease); TYPE: GMT (diesel-electric tandem motor drive, short hull, 3" guns)'; displacement 1,140 std / 1,430 full; dimensions 289'5" oa x 35'0" x 11'0" max; machinery '4 GM Model 16-278A diesel engines with electric drive, 6000 shp, 2 screws'; speed 19 kt; range 4,150 nm @ 12 kt; crew 156; armament 3x3"/50 Mk22, 4-20mm Mk 4 (varied by ship), 4 Mk6 depth charge projectors, 2 Mk9 depth charge tracks. Operational line: 'Laid down by Boston Navy Yard on 20 May 1943; Launched 8 July 1943, Commissioned (USN) Never; To Britain as lend lease 9 October 1943, Renamed HMS Goodson.' Fate line: 'Torpedoed by U-984 off Cherbourg France, 25 June 1944; written off as total loss, sold and broken up for scrap in England 1947.' History section is marked '(No U.S. Navy service, History Not Available)' - consistent with zero USN commissioning.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1947
- Population
- Boston Navy Yard construction trades 1943; RN crew (156 per NavSource)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained photo archive - lead-level documentation, not an official record; data unverified against underlying USN/NHHC/NARA originals. Crew figure (156) conflicts with DANFS spec block (198) - variance carried in gaps. 'Off Cherbourg' attack phrasing vs uboat.net's 50-00N/2-49W Channel position - minor geographic variance, same event. Nothing on materials aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-02
-
[4]uboat.net Allied Warships, 'HMS Goodson (K 480)' entry (Gudmundur Helgason's specialist U-boat/escort database compiled from Admiralty and German records) + companion attack page https://uboat.net/allies/merchants/ship/3270.html [reputable_press]
- Locator
- uboat.net Allied Warships entry HMS Goodson (K 480) (commands + notable events) and Ships-hit-by-U-boats entry (attack narrative, position, towing, CTL, disposal)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Loss-event record for this hull: at 15.14 hours on 25 June 1944, U-984 (Kptlt. Heinz Sieder) fired a Gnat acoustic torpedo at the ships of the 5th Escort Group and hit HMS Goodson (K 480) in the stern at position 50 deg 00'N, 2 deg 49'W (grid BF 2662); she was towed to Portland by HMS Bligh (K 467) and declared a total loss; in October 1944 the ship was returned to the US Navy and sold to be broken up at Belfast in January 1947. Commanding officers listed: T/A/Lt.Cdr. Frank Brown Allen, RNR (9 Oct 1943-May 1944) and A/Lt.Cdr. Jack Winston Cooper, RNR (retired) (1 May 1944-mid 1945). Earlier documented movements: 7-9 January 1944 Argentia-St. John's passage with HMCS Kootenay, HMS Kempthorne, HMS Steadfast; May 1944 5th Escort Group A/S exercises off Larne with HMS Bickerton, Aylmer, Bligh, Keats, Kempthorne.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-10 to 1944-10 (RN service); 1944-06-25 (attack)
- Population
- RN crew of HMS Goodson (complement ~198 design; actual not stated); 5th Escort Group crews
- Limitations
- Specialist secondary database, not an official record - verification marked partial though the 25 June date is corroborated by NavSource and by Wikipedia (citing uboat.net + Whitley/Lenton/Rohwer). Its 25 June 1944 torpedo date corrects/conflicts with DANFS's 'damaged late in August' phrasing - carried in gaps, not silently reconciled. Casualty count from the torpedo hit is not stated in this source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-03
-
[5]Naval-History.net, 'British Escort Movements WW2 - Captain-class frigates, Part 2 of 3' (Don Kindell compilation from Admiralty movement records), HMS GOODSON table [reputable_press]
- Locator
- naval-history.net Captain-class frigates Part 2, 'HMS GOODSON' table (2 convoy rows)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Tabulated convoy-escort assignments for this hull as HMS Goodson: HX 274 (joined as escort 11 January 1944, left 21 January 1944) and ON 233 (joined 22 April 1944, left 25 April 1944). Consistent with the DANFS 'escort and patrol duty in the Atlantic' narrative and a service window ending with the 25 June 1944 torpedo hit.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1944-01 to 1944-04 (tabulated convoys)
- Population
- RN crew of HMS Goodson
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation of Admiralty movement data - partial verification; the table lists only convoy assignments actually documented, not the ship's full employment (Normandy 6 June 1944 support is per DANFS, not tabulated here). Not an official record; nothing on materials aboard.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-04
-
[6]Evarts-class GMT design data (DANFS spec block for DE-276; NavSource machinery line 'GMT diesel-electric tandem'; Friedman design description via secondary sources) + Atlas shipyards.json record 'boston-naval-shipyard' (evidence_tier 3: litigation-documented John Crane gasket/sealing-material exposure allegation at the yard; wwii_peak_employment 50,128 in 1943) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS spec block (ev-01); NavSource machinery line (ev-02); shipyards.json 'boston-naval-shipyard' evidence row ev-boston-naval-shipyar-02 + products_documented
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a diesel-electric escort built at a U.S. Navy yard in mid-1943: the GMT machinery plant - four General Motors 16-278A diesel engines with electric drive, ~6,000 shp, 2 screws - has NO propulsion boilers and no steam system, so the heavy steam-ship asbestos categories (boiler lagging, steam-line insulation) do not apply. Plausible period applications concentrate in diesel exhaust/muffler insulation, gaskets and packing, electrical insulation, deck coverings, accommodation insulation, and friction linings on deck machinery. Builder-site context: unlike the Port Newark/Kearny split on prior diesel-DE records, this hull was built AT Boston Navy Yard - a site documented in the Atlas yard dataset at tier 3, where In re John Crane, Inc., No. 01-03-00698-CV (Tex. App. 1st Dist. 2003) records a worker's allegation of exposure to John Crane gaskets and sealing materials at Boston Naval Shipyard.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943 (construction); 1943-44 (RN service)
- Population
- Boston Navy Yard construction trades 1943 (yard peak employment ~50,128 in 1943); RN crew Oct 1943-Jun 1944
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-site inference only - not a ship-specific finding. The yard litigation is a site-level allegation naming no vessel and no date range; it establishes asbestos product use at the build site, not aboard this hull. No survey, specification, or material list for DE-276 was located. Does not establish asbestos presence, quantity, or location aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-05
-
[7]CourtListener API v4 sweep (opinion index type=o; RECAP docket index type=r) for hull number 'DE-276', exact name 'USS George', and RN name 'HMS Goodson' via cl-auth-search.py (authenticated, fleet-paced); per-query status in search_ledger [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-de-276-de276-08 through -12
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener sweep: hull-number query '"DE-276"' (type=o) returned 19 hits, all string collisions on manual review - Puerto Rican Spanish-language text ('de 276...' fragments), 'De Pater'/de-* case-name collisions, address and docket numerals; none references a vessel, naval service, or asbestos. Exact-name '"HMS Goodson"' queries - the discriminating string for this hull - returned 0 results in BOTH the opinion index (type=o) and the RECAP docket index (type=r). '"USS George"' (type=o) returned 17 hits and (type=r) 61 hits - ALL collisions on review: the phrase 'USS George' matches compound names as a prefix (verified: Corley v. Long-Lewis, 688 F. Supp. 2d 1315 (N.D. Ala. 2010) - asbestos complaint matched on 'USS George Clymer' (APA-27); Yeanna Woo v. General Electric (Wash. App.) - matched on 'USS George K. MacKenzie' (DD-836); Hillyer v. ABB Inc., 1:15-cv-00378 (D. Del.) - asbestos action matched on 'USS George Washington Carver' (SSBN-656)); remaining hits are military-justice, Fat Leonard-related criminal, and person-name collisions. '"DE-276"' (type=r) returned 298 hits, all string collisions on sampled review (docket metadata - case numbers, PR Spanish fragments, address/amount numerals). No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull located on any index; any genuine standalone 'USS George' reference would in any case describe DE-697 (USN-manned 1943-58), never DE-276 (Royal Navy crew).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Limitations
- Sweep complete on all four query surfaces: hull number (19 opinion + 298 docket hits, all collisions), RN name (0/0 - clean negative on the discriminating string), and USN-side name (17 opinion + 61 docket hits, all collisions - compound-name prefix matches and the other USS George DE-697's surface, never this hull). The sweep does not cover state-court records, asbestos trust claims, or non-U.S. jurisdictions - and this hull's crew were Royal Navy, so qualifying U.S. litigation was always a low-probability surface.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-06
-
[8]Batch-4198 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS (live 404; Wayback capture), hazegray DANFS mirror, NVR, NavSource, uboat.net, naval-history.net, Atlas shipyard dataset, Atlas class profiles, CourtListener API v4 [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-de-276-de276-01 through -13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no ACM survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material-condition report, or litigation naming this hull was found in the public sources searched. No preservation-era documentation can exist - the hull was a constructive total loss from June 1944, held in US custody from October 1944, and scrapped at Belfast in 1947; she was never a museum, memorial, or reserve-fleet asset and was never commissioned in the U.S. Navy. Her operational career (~8 months under the White Ensign) is among the shortest for any DE hull, narrowing every exposure window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 2026-09-28
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard. The hull no longer exists, so no present-day survey is possible; whether era materials aboard contained asbestos is undocumented in either direction. Construction-era yard records, the CTL survey file, and RN-side documentation are paper leads only (ev-08).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-07
-
[9]NARA RG 19 (BuShips contract specifications / General Information Books) for the Boston Navy Yard DE-256-279 lend-lease block incl. DE-276; lend-lease transfer file and Board of Inspection and Survey / survey records for the October 1944 CTL return; UK National Archives ADM series (ship's log HMS Goodson; 5th Escort Group war diary); Boston Naval Shipyard production records; Belfast shipbreaking records for John Lee's yard, 1947 - all undigitized or not located online [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 19/RG 24/INSURV entry series (undigitized); TNA ADM series; Boston Naval Shipyard records; John Lee (Belfast) disposal records
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads for hull-level material documentation not yet retrieved: (1) NARA RG 19 BuShips per-vessel specifications and ships-data books covering DE-276's construction at Boston Navy Yard; (2) the lend-lease transfer documentation and any INSURV/survey report written on the ship's October 1944 return to U.S. custody as a constructive total loss - a CTL survey file, if it survives, is the likeliest material-condition record; (3) UK National Archives ADM holdings for HMS Goodson (ship's log, damage report for the 25 June 1944 hit, disposal papers) - the hull's operational records are RN, not USN, because she was never USN-commissioned; (4) Boston Naval Shipyard production records for the lend-lease DE block; (5) John Lee's Belfast breaking records for 1947 - shipbreaking-era exposure documentation.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-28
- Study period
- 1943-1947 (records); 2026 (lead status)
- Limitations
- Leads only - none of these holdings were pulled or digitized; contents unknown. They establish nothing about materials aboard. NARA catalog returns an SPA shell to programmatic fetches (same standing limitation as prior batches); TNA Discovery was not queried programmatically this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-de-276-de276-08