Evidence
14 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-14).
-
[1]research packet 719-packet.md (2 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-dunn-county-lst742-pkt-719-packet-md
-
[2]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (DANFS), 'LST-742' entry, Naval History and Heritage Command [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS LST-742 entry, full text
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS (live NHHC page): LST-742 was laid down 12 March 1944 at Pittsburgh, Pa., by the Dravo Corp., Neville Island; launched 22 April 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Harry Lester; commissioned 23 May 1944, Lt. Warren W. Holmes, USNR, in command. WWII Asiatic-Pacific operations: Lingayen Gulf landing (January 1945), Visayan Island landings (March-April 1945), Tarakan Island operation (April-May 1945). Decommissioned 26 April 1946 and transferred to the U.S. Army 28 June 1946; returned to the Navy and recommissioned 1 September 1950; redesignated Dunn County (LST-742) 1 July 1955 after counties in North Dakota and Wisconsin; Korean War service then Amphibious Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet; decommissioned and struck from the Navy list 1 February 1961; sold to Zidell Explorations, Inc., of Portland, Oreg., 6 September 1961. Three battle stars (WWII) and five battle stars (Korea).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1961
- Population
- Ship's company (13 officers / 104 enlisted per NavSource) plus embarked troops (16 officers / 147 enlisted)
- Limitations
- Authoritative Navy history for the hull's milestones; contains no asbestos, materials, or condition information and supports no asbestos claim. DANFS does not state the ship class or armament and does not describe the 15 December 1944 kamikaze hit documented by NHHC photography (see ev-03).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-01
-
[3]NavSource Naval History, Amphibious Photo Archive, 'Tank Landing Ship LST-742 Dunn County' (archive 10/16/160742) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 10/16/160742 - specification block, campaign table, photo captions, commanding-officer list, disposition line
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource Amphibious Photo Archive page for LST-742/Dunn County provides the specification block (1,625 t light / 4,080 t full / 2,366 t beaching; 328 ft oa; 50 ft beam; 11.6 kt trial; complement 13 officers / 104 enlisted; troops 16 officers / 147 enlisted; 2 LCVP; propulsion: two General Motors 12-567A 900 hp diesels, single Falk main reduction gear, three diesel-drive 100 kW 230 V DC generators, two propellers 1,700 shp, twin rudders); the five Korean War campaign credits (Inchon Landing 15-17 Sep 1950; North Korean Aggression 18 Sep-2 Nov 1950; Communist China Aggression 3 Nov 1950-19 Jan 1951; First UN Counter Offensive 13 Feb-7 Mar 1951; Second Korean Winter 11 Jan-29 Feb 1952); photo captions documenting the ship at Morotai 1 June 1945 loading for Operation Oboe 6, at Labuan Island 13 June 1945, and at Wolmi-Do, Inchon Harbor, 13 October 1950 loading for the Wonsan invasion; and the final disposition line 'sold to Zidell Explorations, Inc., of Portland, OR., 6 September 1961 for scrapping.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1961
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained archive of official records and photography, not a government publication; specification block is BuShips-derived class data. Contains no asbestos information. The 'ultimate armament design' block is a class-level design figure - actual per-ship outfit varied and is not established for this hull. Commanding-officer list is contributor-supplied (see correction row ev-13).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-02
-
[4]NHHC photographic record NH 103030 ('Mindoro Invasion, December 1944') and NH 96878 ('USS Dunn County (LST-742)') [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NH-103030 title/description field; NH-96878 at .../NH-96000/NH-96878.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC official photo caption (NH 103030, Collection of Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid): 'Navy ships fighting fires on USS LST-742, after she was hit by a Kamikaze off the Mindoro landing beaches, 15 December 1944. Photographed from on board USS PCE-851. The bow of USS O'Brien (DD-725) is at right, with fire fighting parties spraying water on the burning ship. USS Hopewell (DD-681) is seen nearly bow-on in the center background.' A second NHHC photo (NH 96878) documents the ship underway in the 1950s and notes she was 'originally named LST-742 ... renamed Dunn County in 1955.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-12-15
- Population
- Ship's company at Mindoro, December 1944; firefighting crews of assisting ships
- Limitations
- Official photo captions document a kamikaze hit and shipboard fire aboard this hull - combat-damage events disturbed shipboard materials generally, but the caption contains no asbestos or material information and this record asserts no disturbance of any specific material. Damage extent, casualties, and repair scope are not stated in the captions.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-03
-
[5]Jordan v. United States, 123 Ct. Cl. 577 (1952), No. 49267 (CourtListener cluster 8611844) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion text at *585 (facts: First Officer aboard LST 742 at Manila, 23-24 August 1948)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Jordan v. United States, 123 Ct. Cl. 577 (1952) - a published Court of Claims opinion names this hull during its U.S. Army period: plaintiff, a War Department Transportation Corps civilian marine employee, served as First Officer 'on LST 742 which was then docked at the 52nd Medium Port in Manila, Philippine Islands' in August 1948, and sued for back pay after suspension pending theft charges of which he was acquitted. The case is an employment/pay dispute; it contains no asbestos allegation and no exposure finding. It corroborates Army-operation of LST-742 in the Philippines during the 1946-1950 transfer window.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1948 (events); 1952 (opinion)
- Population
- Army Transportation Corps civilian marine employees aboard LST-742, 1946-1950
- Limitations
- Classified 'other litigation' under batch discipline - a civil-service back-pay case that happens to name the hull; NOT asbestos litigation and establishes nothing about shipboard materials. Ship-name mention is incidental to the legal question decided.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-04
-
[6]Consolidated era inference - NavSource specification block (GM 12-567A diesel plant, no boilers) + LST-1/491/542-series class profile (class-f worktree) + era amphibious-ship construction practice [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource spec block; lst-1-class.class.json evidence rows ev-lst-1-class-01/-03
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for this diesel-powered LST-542-group hull: with no boiler plant, the steam-system lagging pathway does not apply; era-standard asbestos-relevant applications aboard a 1944 amphibious diesel hull were diesel exhaust lagging and gaskets, engine-room thermal/acoustic insulation, deck coverings and tile, bulkhead and accommodation insulation, valve and machinery packing, and winch/crane brake linings. The ship's 1946-1950 Army service and 1950 recommissioning imply refit/yard periods whose material scope is undocumented.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1962
- Population
- Dravo Neville Island construction trades (1944); Army Transportation Corps crews (1946-1950); Navy crew (1950-1961); refit/recommissioning yard workers (undocumented); Zidell shipbreakers (1961+)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material schedule, or work package located for LST-742. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials; no quantities; establishes no individual exposure, causation, or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-05
-
[7]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Article landing page, AJIM 11(3):359-373 (verified live 2026-10-03)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and program under which this 1944 combat amphibious hull was mass-produced - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard naval and merchant-type hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the LST program and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-06
-
[8]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2, Highlights section (verified live via firecrawl 2026-10-03)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO reviewed the Navy's efforts to protect workers from asbestos exposure at the Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards, including the use of asbestos in Navy ships, the cost of removing asbestos from Navy ships, and compensation programs for asbestos-related disabilities - program-level documentation spanning the era in which this hull was built (1944) and served (to 1961). The Navy's 1975 policy was to remove and replace with nonasbestos materials only insulation that was damaged or had to be removed to accomplish necessary repairs; this was modified in 1979 to include selectively replacing asbestos insulation in high-maintenance areas.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979 (report); describes practices spanning this hull's era
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation, not hull- or class-specific; fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk Naval Shipyards. This hull left federal service in 1961, before the documented 1975/1979 policies - the row establishes the era backdrop only, not the material condition of this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-07
-
[9]'History of the Dravo Shipyard During World War II,' 1945, digitized by ExplorePAHistory (Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission heritage-documentation program) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Document text: production-line, workforce, and LST-award sections
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Period documentation of the builder yard: the 1945 'History of the Dravo Shipyard During World War II' records that Dravo's Neville Island plants ran assembly-line welded-ship production of LSTs (plus destroyer escorts and subchasers), that the original LST award was for 60 ships with additional and larger contracts following, that LST No. 1 - the Navy's first - launched there on Labor Day 1942, and that Neville Island employment grew from 1,000-1,500 peacetime workers to between 14,000 and 16,000 by early 1944 (this hull's construction window).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Dravo Neville Island workforce, 14,000-16,000 at early-1944 peak
- Limitations
- Builder-yard documentation, not a hull record - establishes the yard, scale, and method of this hull's construction (welded assembly-line production, large wartime workforce) but contains no asbestos or material content and names no individual hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-08
-
[10]In re: Dravo LLC - Derivative Claims Against Carmeuse Lime, Inc., J-79A-2025 / J-79B-2025, 33 WAP 2024 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, decided 2026-05-22) [court_record]
- Locator
- Majority opinion Part I (Factual Background): asbestos-claims history; Justia slip-opinion PDF pp. 2-4
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- In re: Dravo LLC - Derivative Claims Against Carmeuse Lime, Inc., 33 WAP 2024 (Pa. May 22, 2026): the Pennsylvania Supreme Court records that Dravo Corporation - this hull's documented builder, a Pittsburgh-based heavy-industry corporation - faced 'numerous' asbestos-related lawsuits beginning at least in the early 1990s, 'typically ... based on allegations of exposure to asbestos during Dravo's operations from the 1940s through the 1980s' (the window covering this hull's 1944 construction). Hundreds of claimants filed by a July 13, 2020 dissolution bar date; timely claims were resolved under trial-court oversight. Post-bar plaintiffs sued parent Carmeuse Lime on a veil-piercing theory; the Supreme Court held veil piercing unavailable because the underlying claims against Dravo were time-barred under the LLC Act, reversing the Superior Court. The disposition resolves a successor-liability/veil-piercing question only - it adjudicates no exposure question and leaves the underlying asbestos claims at their resolved-or-barred status.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1990s-2026 litigation; 1940s-1980s alleged exposure window
- Population
- Asbestos claimants alleging Dravo-operations exposure 1940s-1980s; Dravo/Carmeuse corporate parties
- Limitations
- Builder-yard-level litigation context, not a hull record - the underlying claims alleged exposure across Dravo's operations generally and the opinion does not tie claims to Neville Island shipbuilding or to any vessel. Litigation-stage discipline: the Supreme Court decided only the statutory-bar/veil-piercing issue; it made no asbestos-exposure finding, favorable or unfavorable. CourtListener was quota-blocked this session, so the Justia republication of the slip opinion is cited.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-09
-
[11]Oregon Public Broadcasting (OPB), 'Portland's Toxic Graveyard For World War II Ships,' Cassandra Profita, Dec. 1, 2016 (Battle Ready series) [reputable_press]
- Locator
- OPB article: shipbreaking history, contamination, DEQ 1986 flag, cleanup sections
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Oregon Public Broadcasting documents that the Zidell Companies shipbreaking site on Portland's South Waterfront - the buyer/scrapper of this hull (sale 6 September 1961) - operated what became the nation's largest shipbreaking operation, dismantling hundreds of WWII-era warships; that 'the insulation on the ships, the wiring, the linoleum on the floors and even the paint was full of contaminants'; that workers burned toxic insulation off copper wires in open pits; that scrap included asbestos and PCBs; and that Oregon DEQ flagged the 30-acre site in 1986, leading to a voluntary cleanup that took over 20 years and cost more than $20 million.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1946-2016
- Population
- Zidell shipbreaking workforce (1946-late 1970s); Willamette riverfront environment
- Limitations
- Disposal-pathway context only - the article documents the Zidell site and era generally and does not name LST-742 or any individual hull; it establishes that ships broken at this yard carried asbestos-contaminated materials into the site, not that this specific hull contained asbestos. No individual exposure or causation established.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-10
-
[12]National Archives Catalog, RG 24 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations,' Dunn County (LST-742) file units [other_primary]
- Locator
- Catalog search 'LST-742' - 677 results; Dunn County file units 1956-01 through 1960-10 confirmed in first-page results
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NARA holds digitized deck logs for this hull in RG 24 (Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations), viewable in the National Archives Catalog: monthly file units titled 'Dunn County (LST-742)' span at least January 1956 through October 1960 (e.g., NAID 217567656 Feb 1956; 212981495 Aug 1957; 209119109 Apr 1958; 214850865 Apr 1959; 214852264 Oct 1960) - the primary daily-operations record for the named-era ship.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1956-1960 (confirmed digitized range)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - deck-log file units are digitized and online, but contents were not page-reviewed this session; deck logs record navigation, operations, and personnel events and are not expected to document asbestos directly. WWII-era (LST-742) and 1950-1955 logs were not confirmed in the first results page and their digitization status is unverified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-11
-
[13]Batch-7275 search ledger (this record): DANFS; NavSource; NHHC NH-103030/NH-96878; NARA RG 24 catalog; NVR; MARAD ShipHistory; CourtListener opinion searches; PA Supreme Court Dravo opinion; OPB Zidell record; shipyards.json cross-check [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-dunn-county-lst742-01 through -16
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or qualifying litigation naming LST-742/Dunn County was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener opinion searches for 'LST-742' + asbestos and 'LST 742' + asbestos returned zero results; the only opinion naming the hull is a 1952 back-pay case (ev-04). A 'Dunn County' name sweep returned 474 hits, all litigant-name collisions with the Wisconsin/North Dakota counties. CAVEAT: the 'Dunn County' + asbestos query and RECAP docket searches could not be run - the authenticated CourtListener daily quota was exhausted mid-session (11.8 h reset) - logged as blocked in the search_ledger, not as a negative result.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944 combat hull retained in service to 1961 is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and the hull was broken at a yard documented as asbestos-contaminated. The litigation picture is partial: name+asbestos and RECAP docket searches remain unrun (quota-blocked). Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-12
-
[14]DANFS LST-742 (26 April 1946) vs NavSource 10/16/160742 commanding-officer list (13 April 1946; McClendon '1967') [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource CO table vs DANFS text
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source discrepancy noted, not resolved: the first decommissioning is dated 26 April 1946 by DANFS, while the contributor-supplied NavSource commanding-officer list shows 'Decommissioned 13 April 1946 - 1 September 1950.' DANFS (26 April 1946) is carried as the controlling date. The same NavSource list also shows LT/LCDR McClendon's tenure ending '14 June 1967' - after the ship's 1961 disposal - an apparent typographical error for 1957 (the following officer's tenure begins 14 June 1957).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1946; 1955-1959
- Limitations
- Minor milestone discrepancy between an official history and a contributor-supplied roster; the 13-day difference does not affect the service timeline materially. No asbestos content in either source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-dunn-county-lst742-13