Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet le-packet.md (12 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-england-de635-pkt-le-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, England (DE-635) (namesake, builder, dates, service narrative, awards; verbatim transcription - live NHHC page serves 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, specifications block + full service narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: namesake Ensign John Charles England, USNR (born Harris, Mo., 11 Dec 1920; commissioned ensign 6 Jun 1941; reported to USS Oklahoma BB-37 3 Sep 1941; killed in action Pearl Harbor 7 Dec 1941). Launched 26 September 1943 by Bethlehem Steel Co., San Francisco, Calif., sponsored by Mrs. H. B. England, mother of the namesake; commissioned 10 December 1943, Commander W. B. Pendleton in command. Arrived Espiritu Santo 12 March 1944; escort duty Solomons/Noumea/Marshalls. Departed Port Purvis 18 May 1944 with two other destroyers on an antisubmarine hunt; sank I-16 (19 May), RO-106 (22 May), RO-104 (23 May), RO-116 (24 May), RO-108 (26 May), and RO-105 (31 May, with four other ships) - six Japanese submarines in twelve days, a record 'never matched in World War II by any other American ship'; awarded the Presidential Unit Citation. Repairs at Manus August 1944; escort Treasury Islands-Sydney-Hollandia-Leyte; Manus-Ulithi convoy escort from 2 January 1945; Okinawa screen. On 9 May 1945 attacked by three dive bombers; first crashed starboard side just below the bridge and its bomb exploded - 37 killed or missing, 25 wounded; towed to Kerama Retto; temporary repairs at Leyte; arrived Philadelphia 16 July 1945 for permanent repairs and conversion to a high-speed transport; work halted by war's end; decommissioned 15 October 1945; sold 26 November 1946. Ten battle stars plus the PUC. CNO Admiral E. J. King's pledge 'There'll always be an England in the United States Navy' was fulfilled 6 October 1960 when DLG-22 was assigned the name.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Bethlehem San Francisco construction trades 1943; wartime crew (design complement 186-213; see gaps); Philadelphia Navy Yard workers Jul-Oct 1945
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and specifications, not materials or asbestos content. The entry omits the laid-down and stricken dates (supplied from NavSource transcription, ev-02). Mirror transcription cited because the live NHHC page returns 404 (standing NHHC access defect, per Batch-01/-07).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-01
-
[3]NavSource Naval History, Destroyer Escort Photo Archive, USS England (DE-635) page - building/operational data transcription + Presidential Unit Citation text (via Wayback capture 2024-12-31) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource DE-635 page, 'Building and Operational Data' block + PUC transcription
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NavSource building and operational data for this hull: keel laid 4 April 1943 by the Bethlehem Steel Shipyard Corp., San Francisco, Cal.; launched/christened 26 September 1943, sponsored by Mrs. H. B. England; commissioned 10 December 1943, Cmdr. W. B. Pendleton; arrived Philadelphia Navy Yard 16 July 1945 'for conversion to APD 41, war's end cancelled the conversion'; decommissioned at Philadelphia 15 October 1945 'after 1 year and 10 months of service'; struck from the NVR 1 November 1945; sold 26 November 1946 to the Northern Metals Corp., Philadelphia; removed from U.S. Naval custody 10 December 1946. Transcribes the full Presidential Unit Citation text ('destroyed six hostile ships within twelve days' 19-31 May 1944). Specifications block: 2 'D' Express boilers, GE turbines with electric drive, 12,000 shp, 2 screws, 24 kts, complement 15 officers/198 enlisted.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Construction trades 1943; crew 1943-45 (listed 15 officers/198 enlisted)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-maintained archive transcribing official data - secondary compilation, not itself a primary source; individual photo captions are contributor-supplied. The keel-laid and stricken dates it supplies are not in the DANFS entry text (DANFS omits both); they are corroborated at month level by navypedia (ev-03). Does not document materials or asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-02
-
[4]NHHC H-Gram 030, Attachment 1 - 'H-030-1: USS England Sinks Six Japanese Submarines, May 1944' by Samuel J. Cox, Director NHHC, May 2019 (via Wayback 2024-07-14 capture; live page 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- H-Gram 030-1 body text (hunter-killer composition, damage disposition, DLG-22 succession paragraphs)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official NHHC historical essay for this hull: the May 1944 hunter-killer group was Escort Division 39 - USS George (DE-697, Lt. Cmdr. Fred W. Just), USS Raby (DE-698, Lt. Cmdr. James Scott), joined by USS England (DE-635, Lt. Cmdr. Walton B. Pendleton) of Escort Division 40, departed Purvis Bay 18 May 1944, Commander Hamilton Hains embarked in George as OTC; kills enabled by FRUPAC/JICPOA radio intelligence on the Japanese 'NA' scouting line. At the 9 May 1945 kamikaze attack England was under Lt. Cmdr. John A. Williamson (previously executive officer during the submarine actions). On damage disposition: 'Given the severity of her damage and the by-then plethora of destroyer escorts (with the end of the war with Germany), it was deemed not cost-effective to repair her. The ship was sold for scrap in 1946.' On the successor hull: 'The Leahy-class guided missile destroyer leader USS England (DLG-22) was commissioned in December 1963 and re-designated as a guided missile cruiser (CG-22) in 1975... decommissioned in January 1994 and scrapped in 2004.' Confirms 'six submarines sunk in 12 days by a single ship (England) remains an unequaled record.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-2004
- Population
- Crew (Lt. Cmdr. Pendleton then Lt. Cmdr. Williamson commanding)
- Limitations
- NHHC-authored secondary narrative citing DANFS, combinedfleet, and Morison - official-quality history, not a primary record; documents service and disposition, not materials or asbestos content. Live NHHC page 404s; Wayback capture cited.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-03
-
[5]Navypedia, 'TE destroyer escorts (BUCKLEY)' member table and machinery block map [other_primary]
- Locator
- us_de_te.htm - DE635 member row; 'Machinery' block (DE633-644 -> Combustion Engineering); conversion paragraph; war-damage list
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Navypedia member-table row for this hull: DE635 England, yard no. 5402, Bethlehem San Francisco; laid down 4/1943; launched 26.9.1943; commissioned 12/1943; fate 'damaged 9.5.1945, never repaired'. Machinery block map places DE633-644 (incl. this hull) in the Combustion Engineering boiler block: '2 General Electric steam turbine-generators, 2 electric motors, 2 Combustion Engineering boilers', 12,000 shp, 2 shafts. The conversion note states APD-41 was the number reserved for DE-635 among seven hulls whose APD conversions 'were not started' (DE635, 636, 214, 665, 666, 790, 791 -> APD41, 58, 64, 67, 68, 82, 83). Navypedia's damage list also carries 'England (27.4.1945 and 9.5.1945, heavy, never repaired)' - an additional 27 April 1945 damage event not present in DANFS or H-030-1 (carried in gaps, unverified).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation; per-block boiler-manufacturer map is navypedia-sourced and unverified against BuShips contract documents (same caveat as the Buckley class profile). The 27.4.1945 damage entry conflicts with the official record's silence - treated as an unverified discrepancy, not adopted.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-04
-
[6]Navypedia TE machinery block map + member row (fetched 2026-09-29); NavSource DE-635 specifications block; BuShips Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 1 (Jan 1945) DE design groups 2-3 as the underlying official specification (shipscribe/generalstaff-hosted scan; per Buckley class profile's verified 2026-09-16 reading - the class-profile URL 404s today); Atlas shipyards.json records [other_primary]
- Locator
- navypedia us_de_te machinery block (DE633-644 -> Combustion Engineering) + member row; NavSource DE-635 specs block; shipyards.json 'bethlehem-shipbuilding' and 'philadelphia-naval-shipyard'
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference: the Buckley TE design is one of only two destroyer-escort classes with a full steam plant (the other being the geared-turbine John C. Butler class). The BuShips Ships' Data 1945 design groups 2-3 specify 2 'D' express boilers at 435 psi/750F superheat feeding GE turbo-electric machinery at 12,000 shp; navypedia assigns this hull's block (DE633-644) Combustion Engineering boilers, and the NavSource spec block reads '2 D Express boilers, G.E. turbines with electric drive, 12000 shp, 2 screws'. A 1943 steam-driven combatant of this plant would era-typically have carried boiler insulation, steam-line and turbine lagging, gaskets and packing, fireproofing, and deck coverings - applications documented at yard level for the builder entity (Bethlehem Shipbuilding, Atlas tier-3 yard record) and for Philadelphia Naval Shipyard (tier-3) where this hull underwent repair/conversion work July-October 1945.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Bethlehem San Francisco construction trades 1943; Philadelphia Navy Yard repair/conversion workers Jul-Oct 1945; wartime crew
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - NOT a hull-specific finding. No material schedule, specification, survey, or work order for DE-635 was located; does not quantify material or establish any individual's exposure. Yard-level asbestos product documentation is entity-level and not tied to this hull's construction or repair. The 435 psi/750F steam conditions rest on the class profile's reading of the BuShips 1945 table; that PDF was not re-fetchable this session.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-05
-
[7]Batch-4427 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS transcription; NHHC H-030-1 essay (Wayback); NavSource archive; navypedia member row; Atlas shipyard dataset; CourtListener exact-name and hull-number queries [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-england-de635-01 through -07c, -08 through -10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located for DE-635: no hull ACM survey or abatement disclosure can exist (hull sold for scrap 26 November 1946 to Northern Metals Corp., Philadelphia - pre-regulatory era; no museum custody, no NRHP/NHL, no surviving structure); no shipyard work-order or material record naming the hull was located; and no qualifying asbestos litigation names this hull (CourtListener opinion index 'USS England' = 0 hits; the single asbestos docket with an indexed 'USS England' reference, Sarjeant v. City of Long Beach N.D. Cal. 3:24-cv-01216, is a CG-22-resolved name collision - see ev-07).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - 1943 steam-plant construction makes era ACM plausible, but nothing hull-specific documents it; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. Undigitized NARA holdings (RG 19 contract/specification files, deck logs, war diaries) remain open leads.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-06
-
[8]CourtListener API v4 sweep: 'USS England' (type=o = 0 hits; type=r = Sarjeant v. City of Long Beach, N.D. Cal. 3:24-cv-01216, nature-of-suit 'P.I.: Asbestos' + Botanical Decorators, Bankr. D. Md. 22-16223); RECAP-document hits: Sarjeant ECF 87-8 and Order ECF 207 [court_record]
- Locator
- CourtListener search 'USS England' type=o (count=0), type=r (2 hits), type=rd (3 filing hits); docket 68294127 metadata (nature_of_suit 'P.I. : Asbestos'); Sarjeant ECF 87-8 pp. 2, 4-5 (Todd Shipyard era and Foster Wheeler boiler recital); ECF 207 pp. 1-2 (1960-1964 Todd window; 'new construction' testimony)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Litigation sweep classification - name collision, not this hull: DE-635 served only December 1943-October 1945 and was scrapped 1946-47. A second USS England (guided missile destroyer leader DLG-22, built by Todd Shipyards San Pedro, commissioned December 1963; redesignated cruiser CG-22 1975; decommissioned January 1994; scrapped 2004) bears the same name and namesake. In Sarjeant v. City of Long Beach (N.D. Cal., asbestos personal-injury docket), Foster Wheeler's notice of removal (ECF 87-8, reviewed in full text) recites that plaintiffs' counsel alleged James Sarjeant was exposed 'at the Todd Shipyard aboard the USS England and numerous other vessels' and that 'Foster Wheeler has confirmed that it manufactured steam generating boilers, economizers, and associated equipment onboard the USS England'; the same filing dates Sarjeant's Todd Shipyard work to the 1950s-1960s - decades after DE-635 ceased to exist and squarely inside CG-22's construction/service era (Todd San Pedro built DLG-22; Leahy-class ships carried Foster-Wheeler boilers, while DE-635's block carried Combustion Engineering boilers). The discovery order ECF 207 (reviewed in full text) records that plaintiff 'testified that he recalled working on new construction at Todd Shipyards, including the USS England' and alleges exposure on ships 'being constructed or undergoing repair at Todd Shipyards from 1960-1964' - the exact window of DLG-22's construction at Todd San Pedro (laid down October 1960, launched March 1962, commissioned December 1963). Botanical Decorators (D. Md. bankruptcy) contains the string in a non-asbestos, non-vessel context (unclaimed-funds motion attachment). No opinion or docket names DE-635.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Sweep classification only - prevents misattributing CG-22 litigation to this hull; does not prove no DE-635 litigation exists (docket-text coverage is limited to indexed materials). As to CG-22 the Sarjeant references are themselves pleading/removal-stage allegations and a defendant's boiler-manufacture recital - unadjudicated as to exposure and causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-07
-
[9]U-boat Archive (uboatarchive.net) USS England page - transcriptions of the ship's own action reports; NARA WWII deck logs (RG 24) and war diaries holdings; NHHC photo records (19-N-51896/51897 launch; 19-N-60939; Philadelphia damage photos July 1945) [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboatarchive.net/England index; NARA RG 24 deck logs and RG 38/38-equivalent war diaries; NavSource photo captions citing NARA 19-N images
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads for hull-level records: the ship's own antisubmarine action reports survive and are transcribed at uboatarchive.net (summary report on antisubmarine actions 19 May-3 June 1944 plus per-attack enclosures A-G for I-16, RO-106, RO-104, RO-116, RO-108, RO-105). WWII deck logs (NARA II, RG 24) and war diaries (digitized on Fold3) exist for this hull but were not reviewed. NARA's Bureau of Ships photo collection holds construction, launch, and July 1945 Philadelphia Navy Yard damage photos of this hull (19-N series). These primary materials could contain machinery-space, repair, or material references not present in published summaries.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Leads only - none of these primary documents has been reviewed for asbestos/material content; listing them asserts nothing about their content. uboatarchive.net is a private transcription host; the underlying reports are official records retrievable at NARA.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-england-de635-08