Evidence
14 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-14).
-
[1]research packet 959-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-eufaula-pcs1384-pkt-959-packet-md
-
[2]NavSource Online: Patrol Craft Sweeper Photo Archive, Eufaula (PCS 1384) ex-PCS-1384 ex-PC-1384 - designation timeline, specifications, disposal, photo captions ('There is no DANFS history available for Eufaula (PCS 1384)') [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/071384.htm header block, specifications block, photo table captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 9 April 1943 as PC-1384 by Wheeler Shipbuilding Corp., Whitestone, Long Island, NY; reclassified PCS-1384 the same month (April 1943); launched 7 August 1944; completed and commissioned USS PCS-1384 8 September 1944 under the command of LT Robert Train, USNR; named Eufaula 15 February 1956; acquired in 1961 by Five Star Enterprises, Inc. of San Francisco, CA and renamed MV Kanaloa; operated in 1967 under the Honduran flag; fate unknown. Specifications: displacement 245 t. (lt) / 338 t. (fl); length 136'; beam 24'6"; draft 8'7"; speed 14.1 kts.; complement 57; armament one 3"/50 dual purpose gun mount, one 20mm gun mount, four depth charge projectors, one depth charge projector (hedgehog), two depth charge tracks; propulsion two 800-bhp General Motors 8-268A diesel engines, Snow and Knobstedt single reduction gear, two shafts. Call sign November-Tango-Quebec-November. Photo captions document the hull at Key West FL c.1949 (Steinmetz/Florida Memory), a BuShips photograph (USN 1043656, National Archives, credited to NHHC), and the hull off Mare Island in January 1958. Page states no DANFS history exists for this vessel - confirmed: the hazegray DANFS transcription index lists entries for sister hulls PCS-1376/-1378/-1380/-1383/-1385/-1386/-1388/-1396 but none for PCS-1384, and no 'eufaula' entry appears in the DANFS E-index.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1943-1967
- Population
- Wheeler-Whitestone construction trades (1943-44); crew (1944-c.1957); reserve-fleet caretakers; civilian owners/crews (1958-67+)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - but it is the fullest milestone record located for this hull given the confirmed absence of a DANFS entry; the PC-1384 pre-launch designation, April 1943 reclassification, call sign, Kanaloa/Honduran-flag afterlife, and stricken/decommissioning dates (absent here) rest on it alone. Contains no asbestos content. The Mare Island January 1958 caption documents presence before the civilian sale, not work performed.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-01
-
[3]uboat.net Allied Warships of WWII - USS PCS-1384 (PCS-1384), ship 9271 - builder, ordered date, construction milestones, wartime commanding officers [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/9271.html data table and commands table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- uboat.net corroborates the milestone record: built by Wheeler Shipbuilding Corp. (Whitestone, Long Island, New York); ordered 16 November 1942; laid down 9 April 1943; launched 7 August 1944; commissioned 8 September 1944; PCS-1376 class. Wartime commanding officers: Lt. Robert Train USNR (8 Sep 1944 - mid 1945); S R Trusty USNR (mid 1945 - late 1945). 'End service' and 'History' fields are blank - no disposal or post-war data.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Wartime crew (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Specialist secondary compilation - corroborates builder and construction milestones. 'Ordered 16 November 1942' rests on uboat.net alone - secondary-only, not carried into record fields. Contains no asbestos information; no post-1945 coverage.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-02
-
[4]National Archives, Special List 44: List of Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships, Stations, and Miscellaneous Units, 1801-1947, 'Ships with Symbol and Number Designations' section - PCS-1384 entry; plus NARA digitized deck-logs index check [other_primary]
- Locator
- SL-44 ship-number list, PCS block (PDF: 'PCS-1384 | 9/8/1944 | 12/31/1945'); https://www.archives.gov/research/military/logbooks/navy-online (no PCS-1384/Eufaula entry; sister hulls PCS-1401/PCS-1465 appear only under later names)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Special List 44 indexes one logbook run for this hull: 'PCS-1384 | 9/8/1944 - 12/31/1945' - the span begins on her documented commissioning date and covers her entire wartime service through the end of 1945. The logs are held at NARA (Archives II custody) but no PCS-1384 or Eufaula entry appears in the NARA digitized deck-logs index - the run is undigitized.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1944-09-08 to 1945-12-31
- Population
- Crew (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: a custody index, not the logs themselves - contents (materials mentions, refit entries, duty stations) unexamined. The span covers wartime service only; post-1945 logs fall outside SL44's 1947 coverage cutoff and are unlocated. This hull carried no name during the coverage period, so nothing appears under 'Eufaula' in the nominal index. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-03
-
[5]shipbuildinghistory.com (Tim Colton), Wheeler Shipbuilding Whitestone NY yard table - PCS 1384 build/delivery record in the Whitestone production run [other_primary]
- Locator
- Wheeler-Whitestone table, PCS 1384 row; yard narrative paragraph
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- The Wheeler-Whitestone yard table lists 'PCS 1384 | US Navy | Sub Chaser | LDT 278 | 136 ft | delivery 8-Sep-44 | Named Eufala 1956' - corroborating the builder, hull type, and delivery-into-commissioning date. Notably, the table's disposal notes for sister hulls read 'scrapped 1958' (PCS 1376/1378/1380) or record the commercial resale ('sold as Tuna Shark, later Pacific Trawler' PCS 1382; 'sold as Cape Fear' PCS 1383; 'struck 1970' PCS 1385; 'struck 1959' PCS 1386; 'sold 1972' PCS 1387) - for PCS-1384 the note ends at 'Named Eufala 1956', consistent with her documented civilian afterlife rather than 1958 breakup. The yard narrative records that the Whitestone operation started on minesweepers, went on to tugs and coastal freighters, and closed in 1948.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1943-1956
- Population
- Wheeler-Whitestone construction trades (1943-44 production window)
- Limitations
- Reputable secondary shipyard reference, not a primary registry - used to corroborate the builder attribution and delivery date (8-Sep-44 matches the NavSource/uboat commissioning date). Prints the name as 'Eufala' (variant spelling). Contains no asbestos or material content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-04
-
[6]NHHC online catalog, photograph USN 1043656 'USS Eufaula (PCS-1384)' - National Archives Bureau of Ships collection, official catalog record [other_primary]
- Locator
- NHHC catalog page USN 1043656 (image file USN 1043656.tif); NavSource republishes the photo with the NHHC credit
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC's live catalog documents an official Bureau of Ships photograph of this hull: accession 'USN', catalog no. USN 1043656, original medium black-and-white photograph, copyright owner National Archives. The page sits in the NARA-derived USN numerical series between sister hulls USN 1043655 (Rushville, PCS-1380) and USN 1043658 (Deming, PCS-1392) - a BuShips photo run covering the PCS class. Verified live 2026-10-04 (HTTP 200).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- undated (BuShips photo)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the catalog page documents that an official BuShips photograph of this hull exists at NARA - it carries no date, location, work, or material information. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-05
-
[7]State Archives of Florida, Florida Memory - Joseph Janney Steinmetz photograph JJS0127, 'Sailors painting the USS Eufaula (PCS-1384) docked at the naval station in Key West' (1949) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Florida Memory item 245139 (JJS0127), title/creator/date fields; NavSource republishes the image with the Florida Memory credit
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- A state-archive catalog record documents this hull docked at Naval Station Key West in 1949 undergoing maintenance (sailors painting the ship) - color 4x5 transparency, Steinmetz collection N2011-7, item JJS0127, corporate subject 'Eufaula (Patrol Craft Sweeper : PCS1384)'. Documents Key West naval-station presence four-plus years after the war and routine hull maintenance by her own crew. A secondary patrol-vessel index characterizes her as a 'sonar school ship' - consistent with the documented Key West presence and with the class's Fleet Sonar School Squadron service pattern (sister record uss-rushville-pcs1380, DANFS-documented) - but that characterization is not verified for this hull against a primary source.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1949
- Population
- Crew at Naval Station Key West (1949)
- Limitations
- State-archive cataloging applies her 1956 name retroactively - in 1949 she was the unnamed USS PCS-1384. The photo documents presence and routine maintenance (painting) at Key West, not assignment, duration, or materials; the 'sonar school ship' label is secondary-index context only. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-06
-
[8]U.S. Maritime Administration, FY 2017 FOIA Log - entries 17-0065-FOIA and 17-0067-FOIA (requester Ray Stout, June 2017): records sought for ex-PCS-1384/Eufaula sale and the MV Kanaloa commercial venture [other_primary]
- Locator
- FY 2017 FOIA Log PDF, entries 17-0065-FOIA (Stout, rec'd 6/19/2017, closed 10/5/2017) and 17-0067-FOIA (Stout, rec'd 6/28/2017, closed 8/17/2017)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- MARAD's published FOIA log documents that agency-held records exist for this hull's disposal: entry 17-0065-FOIA requests 'documents regarding the former PCS 1384 named Eufala in 1955 [sic] - which was sold to Western Contracting Corporation of Souix City, Iowa, on April 25, 1956 [printed date - see limitations]', describes her subsequent purchase 'from Western by a private citizen in the San Francisco Bay area' who sailed her 'on a commercial venture to the South Sea for several years until 1965,' and references 'our former PCES [PCS] in the area, including 1380' (record-search range 1/1/1956-12/31/1965; request closed 10/5/2017). Companion entry 17-0067-FOIA seeks U.S. Coast Guard vessel documentation for a vessel of 'original number 84923' covering 1961-1965 and records 'from 1965 to 1968, the year when it was sold by its private owners to a man in Acapulco, Mexico.' The requester narrative independently corroborates NavSource's Five Star Enterprises/MV Kanaloa/Honduran-flag sequence.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1956-1968 (requester search range)
- Population
- Civilian owners/crews, Western Contracting Corp. (1958-61), Five Star Enterprises/MV Kanaloa (1961-67+)
- Limitations
- The FOIA log is a request register - its text is the requester's own description, OCR-degraded in the published PDF ('Eufala', 'Souix City', '1955', 'April 25, 1956'), and the printed sale date conflicts with the class's documented 29 April 1958 sale pattern and this hull's January 1958 Mare Island photograph; the sale year should be treated as circa-1958 pending the underlying MARAD record (an open archival lead, not a verified date). The log establishes that records were requested and the request closed - it does not publish the records themselves. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-07
-
[9]Era inference built on: NavSource specifications (two GM 8-268A diesels, two shafts - diesel plant, no steam); shipbuildinghistory Wheeler-Whitestone production record; PCSA collection designation 'PATROL CRAFT SWEEPER (WOOD HULL)'; Corn & Starr (1987) WWII shipbuilding asbestos scholarship; GAO HRD-80-2 Navy asbestos-era documentation (see ev-09, ev-10) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specifications; shipbuildinghistory Wheeler-Whitestone table; PCSA collection heading; Corn & Starr (1987); GAO HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A small diesel-driven patrol craft sweeper built 1943-44 for the U.S. Navy sits inside the documented WWII shipbuilding asbestos era and the Navy's documented asbestos-use period. Era-standard applications aboard a small diesel combatant of this period were machinery and diesel-exhaust lagging, gaskets, valve packing, electrical insulation, and interior joiner/deck materials. As a diesel plant she carried no boilers or steam turbines - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply; the class's documented wood-hull construction (PCSA collection designation; secondary literature) further limits plausible material scope relative to steel steam vessels.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1943-1967
- Population
- Wheeler-Whitestone construction trades (1943-44); crew (1944-c.1957); civilian owners/conversion trades (1958-67+)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or class-specific material documentation for the PCS-1376 class was located. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity, no manufacturer attribution for this hull. The hull's post-Navy survival (commercial service into at least 1967, fate unknown) means any civilian-era material changes are also undocumented.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-08
-
[10]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire Navy construction (1943-44) and service era.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch, confirmed 2026-10-04) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-09
-
[11]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987); PMID 3555021 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373; PubMed record 3555021
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era and program under which this hull was built (1943-44).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- WWII era (scholarship 1987)
- Population
- WWII shipbuilding workers (program-level)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarship only - does not name this vessel, the PCS-1376 class, or Wheeler Shipbuilding and does not establish that asbestos was aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, individual exposure, or causation. Publisher page returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch; citation verified via PubMed metadata (PMID 3555021, verified 2026-10-04).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-10
-
[12]Patrol Craft Sailors Association collection archives, Bay County Historical Society museum (Bay City, MI) - collection inventory PDF listing '1384 USS Eufala' under PATROL CRAFT SWEEPER (WOOD HULL) - PCS [museum_official]
- Locator
- PCSACollectionArchives.pdf, PATROL CRAFT SWEEPER (WOOD HULL) - PCS listing ('1384 USS Eufala'); SHIPBUILDERS section (Wheeler Shipbuilding)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The PCSA collection inventory hosted by the Bay County Historical Society museum indexes '1384 USS Eufala' in its patrol-craft-sweeper (wood hull) holdings - a veterans-association archive of patrol-craft records (shipbuilder files, photographs, workbooks, newsletters, and ship-specific material). The collection also holds a Wheeler Shipbuilding file under its SHIPBUILDERS section.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- collection coverage dates unspecified
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the inventory line establishes that a Eufaula/PCS-1384 file exists in the PCSA collection - contents unexamined and may be photographs or ephemera rather than documents. The wood-hull heading confirms the class's construction material at collection level; the inventory prints 'Eufala' (variant spelling). No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-11
-
[13]Mystic Seaport Museum, Rosenfeld Collection - Wheeler Shipbuilding Corporation Whitestone yard photographs, January-April 1944 (yard scene 1984.187.59877, 1944-04-10; yard scene 1984.187.59431, 1944-01-29; work yard hull nos. 70 1984.187.59433) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Mystic Seaport mobius catalog records 409560 (1984.187.59877), 409553 (1984.187.59431), 409556 (1984.187.59433)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Mystic Seaport's Rosenfeld Collection holds January-April 1944 photographs of the Wheeler-Whitestone yard documenting the builder's physical plant during this hull's construction window: yard scenes 1944-01-29 (1984.187.59431) and 1944-04-10 (1984.187.59877, showing a Manitowoc speed crane placing parts on the stocks), a work yard with hull nos. 70 under construction (1984.187.59433, 1944-01-29), plus engine-shop and engine-shipping-room interiors (1984.187.59424, .59425). PCS-1384 was on the ways April 1943 - August 1944, so the series falls inside her build period (both catalog URLs verified live, HTTP 200, 2026-10-04).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 1944-01 to 1944-04
- Population
- Wheeler-Whitestone yard workforce (Jan-Apr 1944)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: the photographs document the yard and its production floor, not this specific hull or its materials - no negative is identified as PCS-1384. Yard-level documentation, not a materials record. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-12
-
[14]Batch-8302 search ledger (this record): NavSource; uboat.net; NARA Special List 44 PDF (direct text extraction) + digitized-logs index; shipbuildinghistory Wheeler-Whitestone table; NHHC photo catalog USN 1043656; Florida Memory JJS0127; MARAD FY2017 FOIA log PDF; Mystic Seaport Rosenfeld Collection; PCSA collection inventory (BCHS); CourtListener (all 4 required base queries + 3 asbestos-qualified variants, fully run); hazegray DANFS transcription index; secondary web sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or litigation naming USS Eufaula or PCS-1384 was found in the public sources searched. Litigation coverage is complete for this batch: all four required CourtListener base queries ran authenticated - 'USS Eufaula' opinions (0 hits), 'USS Eufaula' dockets (48 hits, all name collisions: City of Eufaula defendants, Eufaula-place references, loose 'uss' matches - none vessel-related or asbestos), 'PCS-1384' opinions (820 hits, all penal-code/'PCS' citation collisions), 'PCS-1384' dockets (4,593 hits, same collision pattern); the three asbestos-qualified variants permitted by the overflow rule ('PCS-1384' asbestos o and r, 'USS Eufaula' asbestos r) each returned 0. Secondary web sweeps surfaced no qualifying case. Separately, the absence of a DANFS entry for this named hull is itself a documented negative (hazegray transcription index lists sister entries but none for PCS-1384; NavSource states none exists; NHHC candidate URLs 404).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-04
- Study period
- 2026-10-04
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943-44 Navy-built vessel is era-consistent with asbestos-containing machinery fittings even accounting for its lighter diesel/wooden-hull insulation load. CourtListener coverage, while complete per batch rules, is a name-index search - dockets naming the vessel under 'Kanaloa' or describing her without name/hull would not surface. The NARA-held logbook run (Sep 1944-Dec 1945) is undigitized and is the primary open archival lead; Wheeler yard work packages, the MARAD sale file (FOIA-logged but unpublished), and any post-Navy material records are unexamined. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-eufaula-pcs1384-13