Evidence
9 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-9).
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[1]research packet f-packet.md (4 sources cited) [nhhc_danfs]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS Feland; hull: APA-11 (originally laid down as AP-18, reclassified APA-11 effective 1 February 1943); designation: attack transport; class/type: Doyen-class, P1-S2-L2 — https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/f/feland.html
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-feland-apa11-pkt-f-packet-md
-
[2]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, USS Feland (APA-11) entry (Naval History Division), via HyperWar/ibiblio transcription; hazegray DANFS mirror consulted for OCR cross-check [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- ibiblio.org HyperWar DANFS APA/apa11.html full entry; canonical NHHC page https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/f/feland.html returned 404 on 2026-09-25 (link rot, consistent with batch-01 finding); hazegray mirror https://losthistory.net/hazegray/danfs/amphib/apa11.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS establishes identity and service: launched 10 November 1942 by Consolidated Steel Corp., Los Angeles, Calif.; sponsored by Mrs. L. Feland, widow of Maj. Gen. Logan Feland USMC; commissioned 21 June 1943, Captain C. A. Mission [sic - NavSource: Clinton A. Misson] in command; class Doyen; cpl. 453; 4 3-inch guns. Wartime service: marines San Diego to Pago Pago (arrived 24 Aug 1943), landing exercises New Zealand and Efate; Tarawa invasion 20 Nov 1943 (8 days off the island); Kwajalein reserves landed 1 Feb 1944; Saipan demonstration landing at Tanapag Harbor 15 Jun 1944, completed unloading 21 Jun; Guam assault troops landed 22 Jul 1944; Leyte Gulf transport area off Dulag 20 Oct 1944; San Fabian attack force, Lingayen Gulf initial assault 9 Jan 1945 (two men wounded by shore mortar fire); Iwo Jima reserves landed 27 Feb 1945; New Guinea-Philippines passenger runs to Jul 1945; returned to Seattle 20 Nov 1945; decommissioned there 15 Mar 1946; five battle stars for WWII service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Population
- Ship's company ~453 plus embarked troops (crew-era population, not an exposure finding)
- Limitations
- Authoritative for identity, construction, and campaign narrative, but the ibiblio transcription carries OCR artifacts: 'arriving q December' (hazegray mirror reads 7 December 1943) and '9 January 1946' in the Lingayen sentence is a transcription typo for 1945 (the Lingayen assault was 9 Jan 1945, confirmed by hazegray mirror and NavSource campaign table). Contains no asbestos, materials, or insulation statement; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-01
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[3]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive, USS Feland (APA-11) page (10/03/03011) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource APA-11 Feland page - construction/campaign/specification/final-disposition blocks and commanding-officer table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource Amphibious Photo Archive documents: Maritime Commission (P1-S2-L2) hull under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 182) at Consolidated Steel Co., Los Angeles, CA; launched 10 Nov 1942; reclassified APA-11 1 Feb 1943; commissioned 21 Jun 1943 (CAPT Clinton A. Misson). Wartime assignment TransRon Eleven / TransDiv Thirty-Three; campaign table lists Gilbert Islands (Tarawa), Marshall Islands (Kwajalein/Majuro), Marianas (Saipan, Guam), Leyte, Luzon (Lingayen Gulf), Iwo Jima operations with dates. Specs: two Westinghouse geared turbines; two Babcock & Wilcox 'D'-type boilers 450 psi/765 deg F; double Westinghouse main reduction gears; twin propellers 8,000 SHP; complement 32 officers + 424 enlisted; troop accommodations 71 officers + 819 enlisted; 16 LCVPs. Decommissioned 15 Mar 1946 Seattle; struck from Naval Register 28 Mar 1946; transferred 28 Jun 1946 to Maritime Commission for NDRF layup at Olympia, WA; final disposition sold for scrapping 7 Feb 1964 to Zidell Explorations, Portland, OR (PD-X-657) for $58,689.18, withdrawn from the Reserve Fleet 16 Mar 1964. Six commanding officers listed (Misson through LCDR Emmons).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1941-1964
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation assembled from official sources, not an official publication itself; campaign table and MARAD-derived disposition (PD-X-657, $58,689.18) appear drawn from official records but the underlying status card was not retrieved (see search_ledger). Battle-star count shows 6 vs DANFS's 5 - see correction row. Complement itemization (456) differs slightly from DANFS cpl. 453. No asbestos or materials content; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-02
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[4]DANFS (ibiblio + hazegray mirrors) vs NavSource APA-11 spec sheet/campaign table vs Naval Cover Museum designation page vs secondary spec pages [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS entry battle-star line; NavSource awards block and specification block; navalcovermuseum.org/wiki/FELAND_APA_11 'Other Information' (6 battle stars); Wikipedia/HyperWar spec figures
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source discrepancies noted, not resolved: (a) battle stars - DANFS says five; NavSource says six and displays the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with 6 award devices; Naval Cover Museum also lists 6; DANFS (official) is adopted, NavSource/NCM six is flagged. (b) shaft horsepower - NavSource spec sheet 8,000 SHP; secondary infoboxes (Wikipedia, HyperWar spec page) 8,800 hp. (c) troop capacity - NavSource accommodation list 71 officers + 819 enlisted (=890); secondary sources state 1,100. (d) draft - DANFS 19 ft; NavSource 18 ft 6 in. (e) laid-down date - NavSource lists unknown; navypedia (secondary) lists 1941; Naval Cover Museum search-indexed text gives 1941-11-25.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1942-1946
- Limitations
- Documents secondary-source inconsistencies for transparency; official DANFS figures are adopted where sources conflict. None of these sources contains asbestos information; this row supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-03
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[5]NavSource APA-11 Feland specification block (documented machinery) + U.S. Maritime Commission-era construction practice [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource specification block (propulsion); asbestos inference is class/era-level
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Ship-specific documented machinery: two Babcock & Wilcox 'D'-type boilers (450 psi, 765 deg F superheat) feeding two Westinghouse geared steam turbines - a conventional WWII high-pressure steam plant. For this machinery configuration and construction era (MC contract, built 1942-43), period shipbuilding practice insulated boilers, steam drums, steam lines, valves, flanges, and machinery with asbestos-containing lagging, felt, gaskets, and packing; crew spaces on transports of the type were also finished with era-standard insulating materials.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1941-1946
- Population
- Construction trades (Consolidated Steel, Wilmington, 1941-1943); engine-room crew; embarked troops (era context, not an exposure finding)
- Limitations
- The machinery fit is ship-proven; the asbestos inference is NOT - no hull material list, survey, or specification naming asbestos was located for MC hull 182. Boiler/steam propulsion of this era is consistent with asbestos insulation but does not prove it aboard this hull. Does not establish quantity, present-day condition (hull scrapped 1964), individual exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-04
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[6]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and Maritime Commission emergency construction program under which this P1-S2-L2 hull was built - with asbestos supply federally reserved for shipbuilding and worker-protection standards widely ignored at production pressure.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the Doyen class and does not establish that asbestos was aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-05
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[7]Oregon DEQ ECSI site 689 detail + DEQ ph-ZidellCAG community fact sheet; EPA Superfund profile ORD027765650 (NFRAP); 77 FR 19544 (2012 USCG RNA) [other_primary]
- Locator
- EPA site profile ORD027765650; DEQ ph-ZidellCAG fact sheet (contaminant list incl. asbestos; abatement project line; 2005 ROD summary); 77 FR 19544-19546
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Scrapping endpoint context: this hull was sold 7 Feb 1964 to Zidell Explorations, Portland, OR - the firm that became America's largest shipbreaker, dismantling 336 ships (including WWII Liberty ships, naval auxiliaries, and warships) over roughly 30 years at its South Waterfront yard. Oregon DEQ (ECSI site 689; community fact sheet ph-ZidellCAG) and EPA (ORD027765650, NFRAP) document the Zidell Waterfront Property: the DEQ fact sheet lists asbestos among documented site contaminants alongside metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, PAHs, PCBs and butyltins, and records a certified asbestos-abatement project (air monitoring, bulk ACM disposal) during cleanup; a 2005 Record of Decision ordered upland soil hot-spot removal/capping and in-water sediment dredging/capping, and a 2012 USCG Regulated Navigation Area (77 FR 19544) protects the engineered sediment cap.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1964 (this hull); site record 1946-2012
- Population
- Zidell shipbreaking workforce (site-level context, 1946-c.1976)
- Limitations
- Documents that this hull's 1964 dismantling occurred at a shipbreaking yard whose dismantling-era contamination - including asbestos as a named site contaminant - is DEQ/EPA-documented at site level only. The site record aggregates 336 dismantled ships over ~30 years; it attributes no contaminant and no release event to this individual hull, and no Zidell record naming Feland/MC 182 was located. Not a hull-level asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-06
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[8]Batch-2104 + batch-2178 search ledgers (this record): DANFS mirrors; NavSource; Naval Cover Museum; NHHC canonical URL check; NVR; MARAD ShipHistory; CourtListener API v4 opinion + docket searches; EPA/DEQ Zidell records [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-feland-apa11-01 through sl-uss-feland-apa11-16
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material specification, or docketed asbestos case naming Feland, APA-11, or AP-18 was found in the public sources searched. CourtListener (authenticated, fleet-paced helper): "Feland" "APA-11" (0 hits), "USS Feland" (0; re-run batch-2178: 0), "Feland" "attack transport" (0), "AP-18" "Feland" (0), "Feland" asbestos (1 attorney-discipline name collision, N.D. 2015), bare "Feland" (444 hits batch-2104 / 452 batch-2178; first 20/15 individually screened - all person-surname civil/criminal/disciplinary matters), "APA-11" quoted (119 hits; all screened - unrelated civil matters colliding on the string), "APA-11" unquoted (24,821 batch-2178; screened hits all collisions - 'APA' corporate/statutory strings), "AP-18" unquoted (54,555 batch-2178; all collisions - appellate docket strings); docket search "Feland" (188 batch-2104 / 202 batch-2178; screened - all surname collisions). Naval Vessel Register contains no APA-11 entry (disposed pre-1987). MARAD ShipHistory public search is POST-form-based and did not return a retrievable record page (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a purpose-built 1942-43 steam transport is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and pre-OSHA scrapping (1964) left no survey obligation. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility. Bare "APA-11"/"AP-18" opinion searches return tens of thousands of string collisions; screened windows showed zero ship-related signal and deep pagination was not exhaustively screened. The batch-2178 re-run of "Feland asbestos" was thrice blocked by fleet pacing and the batch-2104 same-day screen (1 name-collision hit) is adopted, not re-verified.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-07
-
[9]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel deck logs, series 1941-1992 documented in NARA catalog); RG 19 Bureau of Ships; MARAD ShipHistory database (PD-X-657 disposition chain) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 24 series description; RG 19 finding aids; MARAD PD-X-657 reference via NavSource final-disposition line
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - requires research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): NARA RG 24 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' (series 1941-1992) should hold Feland deck logs June 1943-March 1946; NARA WWII action reports/war diaries may hold TransRon 11/TransDiv 33 material; Bureau of Ships records (RG 19) hold contract/construction files potentially including outfitting and insulation specifications for MC hull 182; MARAD vessel status card for Feland (PD-X-657 disposal documented via NavSource) exists in the ShipHistory database lineage; NDRF Olympia (Budd Inlet) layup records 1946-1964.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1941-1964 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; whether asbestos-specific documents exist for MC hull 182 / APA-11 is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-feland-apa11-08