USS Firm (AM-444)

Evidence

10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).

1. [1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 'Firm II (AM-444)' - NHHC online edition verified via Wayback capture 20250120194256; print-edition transcription cross-checked at losthistory.net/hazegray/danfs/mine/am444.htm (canonical NHHC URL returned 404 on 2026-09-22 - standing NHHC link rot, same as batches 01 and 847) [nhhc_danfs]

   Locator

   Full entry via Wayback Machine capture 2025-01-20 of history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/f/firm-ii.html; canonical https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/f/firm-ii.html and /f/firm.html returned 404; print mirror losthistory.net/hazegray/danfs/mine/am444.htm

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   DANFS 'Firm II (AM-444)' entry (NHHC online edition, print-DANFS-derived text, published 2015-07-08; identical print transcription at the losthistory.net/hazegray mirror) records: stat line 'AM-444: dp. 620; l. 172'; b. 36'; dr. 10'; s. 10 k.; cpl. 74; a. 1 40 mm.; cl. Agile'; 'Unyielding'; the second Firm (AM-444) launched 15 April 1953 by J. M. Martinac Shipbuilding Corp., Tacoma, Wash., sponsored by Mrs. Joseph S. Martinac, commissioned 12 October 1954 with Lieutenant J. E. Renn in command, reclassified MSO-444 7 February 1955; home port Long Beach (headquarters Mine Force, Pacific Fleet); 1955 conversion to flagship for Mine Division 94; Far East service with the 7th Fleet 1 March - 2 November 1956 and 3 November 1958 - 31 May 1959 exercising with Korean, Chinese Nationalist, and Thai navies; west coast operations out of Long Beach through 1962. The print-era entry ends in 1962 and carries no post-1962 or disposal information.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1952-1962

   Population

   Martinac construction trades, Tacoma (1952-54); Navy crew (cpl. 74 per DANFS stat line)

   Limitations

   Authoritative for identity, chronology, and operations summary through 1962 only - the entry was written before the ship's Vietnam service, transfer, and disposal and contains none of those events. Contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or hazardous-material statement. 'cl. Agile' in the stat line conflicts with the 'Aggressive class' label used by NavSource and the Wikipedia construction table - variance logged in the correction row.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-01

2. [2]NavSource Online: Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive, Firm (MSO-444) ex-AM-444 page (compiled reference - chronology, specifications, CO table, photo captions) [other_primary]

   Locator

   navsource.net/archives/11/02444.htm - full page incl. specifications block, commanding-officer table, and photo captions

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   NavSource Online (Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive, MSO-444 page) records: 'Aggressive Class Minesweeper'; laid down 16 April 1952 at J. M. Martinac Shipbuilding Corp., Tacoma, WA; launched 15 April 1953; commissioned USS Firm (AM-444) 12 October 1954; reclassified ocean minesweeper MSO-444 7 February 1955; decommissioned 5 July 1972, 'loaned to the Philippines' and renamed Davao Del Sur (PM-92); returned to U.S. custody 1 July 1977; struck from the Naval Register 1 July 1977; sold for scrap 8 July 1977 to Ming Hing and Co. of Kowloon, Hong Kong; call sign NMVA; served the navies of the United States and the Philippines. Specifications block: 630 t (lt) / 755 t (fl); 172' x 35' x 10'; 14 kts; complement 80; armament as built one 40mm mount and two .50-cal machine guns, final configuration bow gun replaced by one twin 20mm mount; propulsion four Packard ID1700 diesel engines, two shafts, two controllable-pitch propellers. Commanding-officer table runs LT John E. Renn (1954-10-12 to 1956-12-06) through LCDR John B. Bonds (1969-11-10 to 1972-07-05). Photo captions document the ship en route Long Beach to Vietnam for 'Market Time' duty c. 1968 and off the Vietnam coast c. 1970-71.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1952-1977

   Population

   Navy crew (complement 80 per NavSource); Philippine Navy crew 1972-77

   Limitations

   NavSource is a privately compiled standard reference, not a government publication; the chronology agrees with DANFS where they overlap and extends the record through disposal, but merchant/spec details are compiled values. 'Loaned' vs the crew history's 'transferred' is a variance carried in the correction row. No asbestos content; supports no asbestos claim.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-02

3. [3]minesweep.org, 'Wooden Ship - Iron Men: USS Firm (MSO-444)' - year-by-year ship history pages firmhist1-firmhist14 (crew-maintained site; texts read as transcriptions of the ship's annual OPNAV 5750 command-history submissions), read via Wayback captures of 2005-2007 [other_primary]

   Locator

   Wayback captures of minesweep.org/ussfirmmso444.html (index) and firmhist1.html (1952-61), firmhist5.html (1965), firmhist6.html (1966), firmhist7.html (1967), firmhist8.html (1968), firmhist9.html (1969), firmhist11.html (1970), firmhist12.html (1971), firmhist13.html (1972), firmhist14.html (postscript - scrap-sale price); pages firmhist2/3/4 (1962-64) and firmhist10 (year listing) not individually reviewed

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   USS Firm (MSO-444) year-by-year ship history at minesweep.org ('Wooden Ship - Iron Men,' submitted by Ed Livingston; maintained by crew members incl. Al Allande) - a detailed annual chronology whose tone and specificity read as a transcription of the ship's own command-history submissions: commissioning complement 5 officers + 3 chiefs + 53 enlisted; $3.5M build cost; administrative control ComMineRon NINE, operational CTG 59.2; five-month post-shakedown availability and flagship conversion at Long Beach Naval Shipyard 1955 ('extensive alterations' for COMINDIV 94); MinDiv 94 redesignated MinDiv 72 on 1957-01-01; WestPac deployments 1956 (departed 5-01, returned 11-02), 1958-59 (11-03 to 5-31, Japan/Korea/Taiwan/Okinawa/Philippines/Thailand ports), 1961 (departed 1-04); Operation TOTEM POLE Alaska 1959; Vietnam-era Market Time deployments 1965 (MinDiv 72 flagship, departed 1-15; Sasebo interim drydock; three patrols April-July incl. a 36-day 17th-parallel patrol - 4,104 junks encountered, 67 boarded, 12 detainees), 1966-67 (departed 9-21-66; Market Time 11-19-66 to 12-23-66; Da Nang anchorage CO change 12-06; SRF Subic interim drydock with port-shaft replacement; Op SIYASAT Corregidor; returned Long Beach 7-28-67 after 10.5 months), 1968 (departed 3-11; Market Time Area II patrols May-Sep as TF-115 unit; Op ODIN Kaohsiung with Nationalist Chinese Navy; Typhoon Bess damage; tender availability USS Hector AR-7 Dec 1968), 1969-70 (departed 6-16-69; Market Time Area 6B and DMZ Barrier patrols Sep-Dec; Mosher relieved by Bonds in Da Nang Harbor 11-10; NUC recommended by CTF 115; 245-day deployment ended Long Beach 2-12-70), 1970-71 (departed 11-16-70 MinDiv 91; relieved Dynamic as Outer Barrier Patrol 12-30; Cam Ranh Bay patrols through 4-9-71; home 6-15-71). Repair events: Fellows and Stewart Shipyard overhaul Jan-Mar 1966 plus air-conditioning and second-evaporator installation mid-1966; Harbor Boat Building Co., Terminal Island regular overhaul 9-18 to 12-05-67; Fellows and Stewart three-month RAV 1-24 to 4-23-69; LBNSY Drydock No. 2 + restricted overhaul 3-30 to 5-25-70; Larson Boat Yard, Terminal Island RAV 10-2 to 10-20-70 with new main engine installed. Awards: first MUC (MinDiv 72 five-ship citation for 1966-11-11 - 1967-05-06 Vietnam service); second MUC awarded 1970-11-13 for the 1968 deployment; RVN Gallantry Cross eligibility same day; Golden Anchor FY1971. 1972: Philippine Navy crews for Firm and Energy trained at Long Beach from 6-03; decommissioned and transferred 7-05 (LCDR Lintag, P.N.); renamed RPS Davao del Sur, departed for the Philippines 7-17. Postscript: served as RPS Davao del Sur until 1977; returned to U.S. custody for disposal; sold at scrap sale 8 July 1977 to Ming Hing & Co., Kowloon, Hong Kong for $21,100.

   Verification

   partial

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1952-1977

   Population

   Navy crew 1954-72 (MSO complement ~61-80 across sources); civilian-yard workers at Fellows and Stewart, Harbor Boat Building, Larson Boat Yard, and LBNSY availabilities; Philippine Navy crew 1972-77

   Limitations

   Crew-compiled history site (live domain now parked; content read via Wayback) - detailed, internally consistent, and consistent with DANFS/NavSource where they overlap, but the underlying ship command-history reports were not independently pulled and award citations are not cross-checked against the Navy awards register. Contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or hazardous-material statement; repair events are documented as events only, with no materials scope.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-03

4. [4]shipbuildinghistory.com - J. M. Martinac Shipbuilding yard page (compiled yard table and history, most recent update 2020-09-30) [other_primary]

   Locator

   Martinac page - yard history paragraph and table row 'MSO 444 | Firm | U.S. Navy | Minesweeper | 780d | 172 | 12-Oct-54 | To Philippines 1972 as Davao del Sur (PM 92): scrapped 1977'

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   Builder-yard table: J. M. Martinac Shipbuilding Corp., Tacoma WA (founded 1924 by Joseph M. Martinac; yard on the east side of the Thea Foss Waterway at the foot of East 15th Street; closed 2014, property sold for redevelopment). The yard table carries this hull: MSO 444 'Firm', U.S. Navy, minesweeper, 780d GT, 172 ft, delivered 12-Oct-54, disposition 'To Philippines 1972 as Davao del Sur (PM 92): scrapped 1977' - consistent with the NavSource/crew-history chain. Martinac also built MSO 435 Endurance, MSO 436 Energy (to Philippines 1972 as Davao del Norte PM-91, Firm's sister-transfer), MSO 445 Force, MSO 488 Conquest, MSO 489 Gallant, MSO 490 Leader, MSO 491 Persistent, MSO 492 Pledge.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1924-2014 (yard); hull events 1952-54

   Population

   Martinac construction workforce, Tacoma (1952-54)

   Limitations

   Compiled yard reference (shipbuildinghistory.com), not a primary document; the row corroborates builder, tonnage, delivery date, and disposition but contains no asbestos or materials information. No martinac slug exists in the Atlas shipyards.json dataset - the builder is carried in gaps rather than related_shipyards.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-04

5. [5]Naval Sea Systems Command, FOIA Reading Room - 'Asbestos Related Files' index of military specifications and QPLs (subject / document number / dates table) [other_primary]

   Locator

   NAVSEA FOIA reading-room asbestos table; live page returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch on 2026-09-22 - content read via Wayback capture 20260905071853

   Finding type

   asbestos_application

   Finding

   Navy-qualified asbestos shipboard materials in force during this hull's construction and service era: the NAVSEA FOIA reading-room asbestos library lists qualified-products lists (QPLs) for asbestos-fiber thermal insulation felt (QPL-15091-5, 10/17/1962); gaskets, metallic-asbestos, spiral-wound, symbol 2410 for boilers and flanged piping joints (QPL-15342-(1-12), 01/12/1961 - 11/13/1974; QPL-16265-5, 09/08/1961); packing, asbestos rod, high pressure, symbol 1100 (QPL-17340 and QPL-17349, 02/12/1953 - 1968); asbestos sheet, compressed, gasket material (QPL-17472, 03/06/1971 - 10/26/1972); deck covering, magnesia aggregate mixture (QPL-16680, 01/19/1965 - 10/12/1978); and bedding/coating compounds for thermal-insulation pipe covering (QPL-19564, QPL-19565/-b, 10/25/1957 - 1980). This hull was built 1952-54 and served 1954-72 - squarely inside the window when these asbestos materials were Navy-qualified shipboard stock.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1952-1977 (hull era); spec dates 1953-1980

   Population

   Navy crews and shipyard workers of the era (class context)

   Limitations

   Program/era-level official documentation: the QPL index establishes that these asbestos products were Navy-qualified during the hull's era; it does not establish that any of them was installed aboard this hull, and no hull-specific materials list exists. Does not establish quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-05

6. [6]U.S. General Accounting Office, HRD-80-2, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure' (1979) [gao]

   Locator

   gao.gov/assets/hrd-80-2.pdf - program narrative (Navy response letter and policy description); gao.gov returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch on 2026-09-22 - content via search-result extract of the document text (standing limitation, same as BATCH-01); full-text pull remains the open lead

   Finding type

   regulatory

   Finding

   GAO report HRD-80-2, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure' (1979), documents the policy spine of the Navy's asbestos era: thermal insulation was the Navy's major shipboard asbestos use; thermal-insulation product specifications were revised to asbestos-free in 1973, but purchased asbestos materials were still installed and 'some ships were delivered with asbestos insulation as late as May 1978'; the Navy's elimination policy was issued October 1975 and modified January 1979 to add selective replacement in high-maintenance areas, estimating 5 years to remove all shipboard thermal asbestos insulation except the 30-50 percent normally untouched over a ship's life. A hull built 1952-54, repeatedly overhauled through 1972, and scrapped in 1977 operated and was disposed of entirely before the elimination policy took effect.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1973-1979 policy window described; hull era 1952-1977

   Population

   Navy and shipyard workers service-wide (program context)

   Limitations

   Program-level policy record; does not name this vessel or any minesweeper and establishes nothing about materials aboard this hull. Its value here is bracketing the era: construction (1952-54) and the entire U.S. service life (1954-72) precede the 1973 spec revision and 1975 elimination policy.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-06

7. [7]NARA guided topic 'Researching Asbestos aboard US Naval Vessel up through 1961' (RG 19 Bureau of Ships correspondence as starting series; Navy Filing Manual / SSIC arrangements); NARA record-group guidance for Navy deck logs (post-1941 at Archives II, College Park) [other_primary]

   Locator

   archives.gov/research/military/navy/guided-topics/asbestos (guided-topic page read directly); catalog.archives.gov API query returned the JS application shell on 2026-09-22 - no digitized MSO-444 log confirmed; NHHC COR path pattern probed (404)

   Finding type

   historical_record

   Finding

   Archival leads (not retrieved - require research-room or reproduction orders; no spend authorized): (a) NARA RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) correspondence series 1940-1961 - NARA's own guided topic 'Researching Asbestos aboard US Naval Vessel up through 1961' names RG 19 as the starting series for hull-level materials research, and this hull's 1952-54 construction sits inside that window; (b) NARA RG 24 deck logs for AM-444/MSO-444 (1954-72) at Archives II, College Park - would fix the Vietnam port-call dates the veterans' list attributes to deck-log review (Da Nang 11/26-30/1969; Cam Ranh Bay Feb-Apr 1971); (c) the ship's OPNAV 5750 command-history reports underlying the minesweep.org year-by-year transcription (NHHC digitized command-operations-report collection spot-checked - no Firm PDF located; the collection's file-naming convention was tried and returned 404); (d) Philippine Navy custody/service file for RPS Davao del Sur PM-92, 1972-77; (e) Hong Kong scrapping documentation for the July 1977 Ming Hing & Co. sale.

   Verification

   unverified

   Role

   archival_lead

   Documentation level

   context_only

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1952-1977 records

   Limitations

   Record-group and series mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. The NARA guided topic itself covers vessels 'up through 1961' - Firm's later career falls outside it, though construction falls inside. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-07

8. [8]Batch-1359 search ledger (this record): NHHC/DANFS canonical 404 + Wayback capture 20250120194256; losthistory.net/hazegray print-DANFS mirror; NavSource; minesweep.org via Wayback; shipbuildinghistory Martinac page; NAVSEA FOIA asbestos QPL library via Wayback capture 20260905071853; GAO HRD-80-2 (fetch-blocked, extract-level); NVR hull check; MARAD ShipHistory; NARA catalog + guided topic; CourtListener API v4 (authenticated - BLOCKED by sustained 429); web-wide litigation search; VA BVA search attempts; navypedia/vetshq/hullnumber cross-checks [other_primary]

   Locator

   search_ledger rows sl-uss-firm-am444-01 through sl-uss-firm-am444-16

   Finding type

   historical_record

   Finding

   No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS Firm / AM-444 / MSO-444 / RPS/BRP Davao del Sur / PM-92 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The dedicated CourtListener leg is BLOCKED, not completed: authenticated API v4 queries (Authorization: Token) returned sustained HTTP 429 for the full session across search and non-search endpoints - logged per batch policy rather than retried into a ban. Web-wide litigation search surfaced only bulk law-firm marketing listicles enumerating every Navy ship (e.g., a minesweeper page listing 'USS Firm | AM-444 | Aggressive | 10/12/1954 | To Philippines, 1972' in a bulk table) - non-qualifying, not cited. VA BVA decisions: the legacy index.va.gov search endpoint is dead (redirects to an error frame) and site-scoped web search surfaced no decision naming this hull. The hull was scrapped in Hong Kong in 1977 - predating NESHAP demolition rules and outside any U.S.-regulated abatement jurisdiction - so no U.S. abatement record was ever expected to exist.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   negative_finding

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   2026-09-22

   Limitations

   Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1952-54 Navy-built hull serviced through 1972 sits entirely inside the asbestos-spec era (see ev-05, ev-06). The negative finding is bounded twice: the CourtListener corpus was unreachable (sustained 429 - the leg is a gap, not a completed sweep), and unindexed state dockets are outside the corpus in any case. 'USS Firm' also collides with the first Firm (AM-98/PC-1602). Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-08

9. [9]Cross-source reconciliation: print DANFS via NHHC Wayback capture + losthistory.net/hazegray mirror; NavSource MSO-444 page; minesweep.org crew history (Wayback); shipbuildinghistory Martinac table; Wikipedia USS Firm (AM-444) and Agile-class articles (secondary, variance documentation only); navypedia DAVAO DEL NORTE/PM-91-92 table [other_primary]

   Locator

   Per-item: DANFS stat line vs NavSource spec block vs class-block values; crew-history firmhist1 (1956 deployment 'May 1'), firmhist11 (UQS-1 still aboard 1970), firmhist13 (7-05 transfer vs 7-17 departure), firmhist14 ($21,100); navypedia phil_es_davao_del_norte table

   Finding type

   historical_record

   Finding

   Source discrepancies logged, not merged: (a) Class name - DANFS stat line 'cl. Agile' vs NavSource 'Aggressive Class Minesweeper' vs Wikipedia construction table 'Agile-class' with a note that the class is 'often described as the Aggressive class' (MSO-422 Aggressive first to commission; MSO-421 Agile the prototype) - genuinely unsettled; both names carried. (b) Displacement - 620 (DANFS) vs 630 lt / 755 fl (NavSource) vs 780 fl (crew history) vs '780d' GT (Martinac yard table). (c) Beam - 36' (DANFS, Wikipedia) vs 35' (NavSource, Agile-class block). (d) Speed - 10 k. (DANFS) vs 14 kts (NavSource, class block) vs 12 kts (crew history). (e) Complement - 74 (DANFS) vs 80 (NavSource) vs 7 officers + 70 enlisted (class block) vs 5 officers + 3 chiefs + 53 enlisted at commissioning (crew history). (f) Transfer mechanics - NavSource 'loaned to the Philippines' + 'Returned to U.S. custody 1 July 1977' vs crew history 'decommissioned and transferred to the Philippine Navy' 7-05-72 departing 7-17-72 vs Wikipedia infobox 'Transferred ... 17 July 1972' - the 7-05 vs 7-17 split is a decommission/departure distinction, not a true conflict; loan-vs-transfer and RPS-vs-BRP naming carried as variances. (g) 1956 deployment start - DANFS 'between 1 March 1956 and 2 November 1956' vs crew history 'departed ... May 1, 1956' - crew history is the more granular record; DANFS window may describe the squadron operating period. (h) Scrap price $21,100 (crew-history postscript) - uncorroborated by any second source; carried as compiled value. (i) Armament final configuration - NavSource 'bow gun replaced by one twin 20mm gun mount' vs class-wide FY1968 modernization note (twin 20mm Mk 68 only on the 19 modernized hulls); the crew history records Firm still operating the older UQS-1 sonar in 1970 (adapting SQQ-14 procedures) - whether Firm's gun change reflects the formal MSO modernization package or a lesser alteration is unresolved.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   correction

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-22

   Study period

   1952-1977 (dates reconciled 2026-09-22)

   Limitations

   Resolves nothing by fiat - records which source says what so downstream consumers inherit the conflicts honestly. Where sources disagree, DANFS is carried for stat-line fields and the crew history for event dates; variances disclosed. No asbestos content in any reconciled source.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-firm-am444-09

10. [10]vetshq.com 'Ships Docked To Vietnam Shore Or Pier' compiled list (derived from deck-log and MACV-summary review); Scribd-hosted 'Vietnam Navy Ship List' compilation referencing MACV Monthly Summary November 1966 [other_primary]

    Locator

    vetshq.com list entries for MSO-444 (Da Nang 11/26-30/69; Cam Ranh Bay 2-4/71); Scribd doc 180764851 list entry 'USS Firm MSO-444 - Coastal Patrol unit ref MACV Monthly Summary November 1966'

    Finding type

    vessel_history

    Finding

    Vietnam in-country corroboration at secondary level: a veterans' advocacy compilation ('Ships Docked To Vietnam Shore Or Pier', vetshq.com) lists USS Firm (MSO-444) as docked to pier at Da Nang 26-30 November 1969 and docked to piers at Cam Ranh Bay February-April 1971 - consistent with the crew-history record (Da Nang Harbor CO change 10 November 1969 and relief operations there; Cam Ranh Bay provisioning/fuel stops February-April 1971). A MACV Monthly Summary compilation lists Firm as a Coastal Patrol unit in November 1966 - consistent with the 1966-67 deployment.

    Verification

    partial

    Role

    context

    Documentation level

    ship_specific

    Accessed

    2026-09-22

    Study period

    1966-1971

    Population

    Navy crew during Vietnam port calls (1969, 1971)

    Limitations

    Secondary compilations assembled for veterans' herbicide-exposure claims work - the underlying deck-log entries were not independently read, and the lists' provenance is advocacy research rather than an official register. Values agree with the crew-history chronology where they overlap; carried as corroborating context, not as an independent finding. No asbestos content.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-firm-am444-10