USS Flagler (AK-181)
- Name
- USS Flagler
- Hull designation
- AK-181
- Vessel class
- Alamosa class (cargo ship); MARAD type C1-M-AV1
- Evidence tier
- Tier 2
- Evidence entries
- 10
- Record ID
uss-flagler-ak181- Dataset version
- 2026.10.12-rc.1
- Canonical URL
- https://asbestosatlas.org/ships/uss-flagler-ak181
Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and emergency program under which this C1-M-AV1 hull was mass-produced (Maritime Commission Design AV; contracts approved 1943-09-02 for the first 100 ships, with a second 100-ship group ordered February 1944) - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard merchant-type hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or the C1-M-AV1 type and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-01
-
[2]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships - 'Flagler' (AK-181) entry (Wayback capture 2024-05-26 of the canonical NHHC page, which returned 404 on 2026-09-21) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Flagler' full entry via Wayback Machine capture of https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/f/flagler.html; canonical URL returned 404 on 2026-09-21 (standing NHHC link rot, same as batches 01 and 833); hazegray .txt/.htm mirrors absent for this hull
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS 'Flagler' entry records: stat line (AK-181: dp. 7,125; l. 338'6"; b. 50'; dr. 21'1"; s. 12 k.; cpl. 85; a. 1 3"; cl. Alamosa). Launched 1945-03-24 by Kaiser Cargo Co., Inc., Richmond, Calif.; sponsored by Mrs. T. B. Smith; commissioned 1945-05-18, Lieutenant P. S. Smith, USNR, in command. Sailed from San Francisco 1945-07-05 with cargo for Ulithi and Leyte Gulf, discharged the last of her load 1945-08-06; loaded supplies and men for Okinawa, sailed 1945-08-29 for Guam and Saipan; Okinawa-bound again 1945-09-12, sailed through 'a raging typhoon' which caused some damage, arrived safely 1945-09-18; twice at Okinawa put to sea to avoid typhoons, evading the first; during the second, on 1945-10-09, she was grounded; 'Success in a difficult salvage operation refloated her 26 October'; decommissioned at Okinawa 1945-12-24 'and returned to her owners.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1945
- Population
- Navy crew (cpl. 85 per DANFS); cargo operations Ulithi, Leyte Gulf, Okinawa, Guam, Saipan
- Limitations
- Authoritative for identity, chronology, and operations. Contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or hazardous-material statement. The entry closes at decommissioning ('returned to her owners') - post-Navy custody details come from the MARAD card record (ev-03). The DANFS stat-line displacement (7,125) and speed (12 k.) differ from NavSource (7,450 fl; 11.5 kts) and the MARAD card (7,435 displ.) - see correction row.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-02
-
[3]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database - FLAGLER (AK-181), Ship History Detail 5902 (vessel status card scans 2CE_01.png custody face and 5902_AF.jpg sale/tonnage face, both read directly) [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- ShipHistory Detail 5902 - characteristics block; cards/2CE_01.png (custody face: MC hull 2377, R4-73, WSA basis at Subic Bay 3-29-46 10:30AM, Laid Up Fleet, 'Deld to Asia Developement Corp' PUR 3-3-48); cards/5902_AF.jpg (PDX-402 sale text, dimensions, tonnages, $1,982,464.00 cost, LV#164 10/7/46, 'Damaged -' remark). No milestones table or document files posted for this hull.
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD ShipHistory records for this hull (Detail 5902 'FLAGLER (AK-181)'): MARAD type C1-M-AV1; shipyard 'Kaiser Company'; year built 1945; ship length 321.30 ft; beam 50 ft; net tons 3,805 (field label; the card face carries this figure as GROSS - see limitation); displ. summer 7,450 / lightweight 2,382; immersion summer 7,435 / lightweight 2,403; fate 'Sold - Scrap'. Vessel status card (2CE_01.png): name FLAGLER (AK-181), flag AMER., type C1-M-AV1; MC Hull No. 2377; 'Built by R4-73' (Richmond Yard No. 4 hull 73); completed '5- -45' (May 1945); 'Basis to W.S.A. 3-29-46 10:30AM @ Subic Bay, P.I. del. by Navy Dept.' with agreement-form notation 'LB'; allocation table shows 'Laid Up Fleet' at Subic Bay, P.I. 3-29-46 10:30 AM; handwritten ledger line 'Deld to Asia Developement Corp' with form 'PUR' and date 3-3-48; lower-left annotation reads 'act 1936' (Merchant Marine Act 1936 sale authority). Sale card (5902_AF.jpg): 'FLAGLER / Navy / C1-M-AV1-Cargo / PDX-NO-Sold / OPENED- PDX-402'; typed text 'Sold Jan. 29, 1948 to Asia Development Corp., Shanghai, China for scrapping of hull as 1 of 15 vessels sold under PDX-402 for the lump sum of $271,000'; BUILT 1945; DIMENSIONS 321'4" x 50' x 29' draft 21'; TONNAGES GROSS-3805 DWT-5032, DISPL-7435, LWT-2403; ACQUISITION 'War built for USMC', 'Est. Recoverable-1802', 'Construction Cost - $1,982,464.00'; OWNER USMC; 'WSA DEC'L: LV#164 dated 10/7/46'; LOCATION 'Subic Bay R. F.'; REMARKS field carries the handwritten word 'Damaged -' (consistent with the documented October 1945 typhoon grounding).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1945-1948
- Limitations
- Authoritative government custody record for this hull, read directly from card scans; the 'Net Tons' field label on the detail page carries 3,805 while the card face labels the same figure GROSS (a field-mapping quirk, not a data conflict); 'Completed 5- -45' month partially legible, read as May consistent with the 18 May commissioning. Contains no asbestos, insulation-material, or machinery-manufacturer detail - supports no asbestos claim. The card documents the sale was 'for scrapping of hull' but does not state where or when dismantling occurred; 'scrapped at Shanghai 1949' rests on NavSource.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-03
-
[4]NHHC 'Typhoons and Hurricanes: Pacific Typhoon at Okinawa, October 1945' - extract from Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet and Pacific Ocean Areas Report, Serial 0395 of 11 February 1946 (World War II Command File, Operational Archives Branch, Naval Historical Center) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Wayback capture 2014-12-16 of history.navy.mil/faqs/faq102-6.htm - narrative paragraph naming FLAGLER and the appended vessel-status listing ('AK 181 FLAGLER Refloated 10/29. Recommended return rear area and decommissioning'); live canonical NHHC URL not located (site reorganized)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Navy storm report names this hull twice: (a) narrative - 'A typical experience was that of FLAGLER (AK). Her anchors dragged at 1200, and despite the use of both engines she was blown ashore a mile north of Baten Ko by 1315, colliding with LST 826 on the way. Grounded, she began to pound, and all power was lost. At 1710, as the wind changed, FLAGLER was blown off the reef and back across the bay, grazing a capsized YF and continuing on, with a 13 deg port list, no power, and the lower spaces and after engine room beginning to flood. One anchor was lost, the other dragged across the bay. By 1800 she had moved two miles across the bay and had grounded on the east side of Baten Ko, alongside a DE hulk. Lines were made fast to the DE, but flooding continued, and AT 0545 ship was abandoned. A small party remained on board, however, and successfully stopped flooding as the typhoon subsided. FLAGLER was later salvaged.' (b) vessel listing - 'AK 181 FLAGLER Refloated 10/29. Recommended return rear area and decommissioning.' The report records the storm totals: 12 ships and craft sunk, 222 grounded, 32 severely damaged; 36 killed, 47 missing, 100 seriously injured.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1945-10-09 to 1945-10-29
- Population
- Navy crew aboard during the storm (complement 85 per DANFS); salvage party; abandoning crew sheltered ashore
- Limitations
- Ship-specific official documentation of the typhoon grounding, drift, abandonment, and salvage recommendation - explains the 'Damaged' remark on the MARAD card and the hull's early disposal. The listing's refloat date (10/29) conflicts with DANFS's 'refloated her 26 October' - see correction row. Contains no asbestos or materials information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-04
-
[5]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, USS Flagler (AK-181) page (compiled reference incl. DANFS transcription, awards table, CO list, specifications, crew photograph captions) [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.net/archives/09/13/130181.htm - chronology bullets, specifications block, commanding-officer table, awards, photo captions (Richard Haffner EM2/c collection; Donn Cuson)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource Online (Service Ship Photo Archive, AK-181 page) records the same chronology as DANFS plus: call sign NEKU; ribbons American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal with Asia clasp (no battle stars); 'Occupation service in the Far East from 17 to 20 September 1945'; 'Grounded during Typhoon "Louise" on 9 October 1945, at Okinawa'; 'Struck from the Naval Register, 7 February 1946'; 'Returned to the Maritime Commission for lay up at Subic Bay, 29 March 1946'; 'Sold, 3 March 1948 to the Asia Development Corp.'; 'Final Disposition, scrapped at Shanghai in 1949'. Specs - 2,382 t (lt) / 7,450 t (fl); 338'6" x 50' x 21'1"; 11.5 kts; complement 15 officers + 70 enlisted; largest boom 30 t; cargo capacity 3,945 DWT incl. 9,830 cu ft refrigerated / 227,730 cu ft non-refrigerated; armament 1x3"/50 DP + 6x20mm AA; fuel 6,300 bbls diesel; propulsion one Nordberg Diesel TSM6, two 250 kW 120/240 V DC diesel-drive ship's-service generators, single propeller, 1,700 shp. CO table lists a single commanding officer, LT. Paul Sanner Smith, USNR, 18 May 1945 - 24 December 1945. Photographs include the commissioning ceremony at Kaiser Cargo Shipyard No. 4 (1945-05-18), the ship in heavy seas after her first typhoon, the grounded ship at Buckner Bay (Oct 1945), and the ship in drydock after refloating at Okinawa.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1944-1949
- Limitations
- NavSource is a privately compiled standard reference, not a government publication; its spec block presumably derives from standard compilations - not independently corroborated here. 'Laid down in 1944' conflicts with the shipscribe construction table's keel date of 1945-02-06; 'scrapped at Shanghai in 1949' is unverified against any primary source located; 'Sold 3 March 1948' matches the MARAD card's delivery date, not the card's 29 Jan sale date - see correction row. No asbestos content; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-05
-
[6]shipscribe.com, USS Alamosa (AK-156) Class page - construction/disposition tables, class notes (Design AV origin; June 1944 MC hull substitution), and ship note for AK-181 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Class Notes paragraphs (Design AV history; 'In June 1944 MC hulls 2374-5 and 2377 replaced hulls 2140-1 and 2207 as AK 178-9 and 181'); Construction table row AK-181 (keel 6 Feb 45); Disposition table row AK-181 (MC/D, MA Sale 2 Feb 48); Ship Notes row AK-181 ('Converted by builder ... either scrapped in the Far East or sunk 1951 off Taiwan')
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- shipscribe class page (USS Alamosa AK-156 Class, covering AK-181) records: (a) construction table - keel 1945-02-06, launched 1945-03-24, acquired/commissioned 1945-05-18, builder Kaiser Cargo Richmond; (b) disposition table - decommissioned 24 Dec 45, struck 7 Feb 46, disposal 29 Mar 46, fate 'MC/D', MA Sale 2 Feb 48; (c) ship note for AK-181 - 'Converted by builder. Grounded by typhoon at Okinawa 9 Oct 45 and salvaged with difficulty 26 Oct 45. Laid up by MC at Subic Bay. To buyer (Asia Development Corp.) 3 Mar 48, either scrapped in the Far East or sunk 1951 off Taiwan'; (d) class notes - the C1-M-AV1 'Design AV' originated with the JCS subcommittee requirement for a steel coastal cargo ship for Pacific use (N3-S-A2 too small, concrete C1-S-D1 too large/deep); MC approved contracts 1943-09-02 for 100 ships (MC hulls 2101-2174, 2194-2207, 2239-2250); in June 1944 'MC hulls 2374-5 and 2377 replaced hulls 2140-1 and 2207 as AK 178-9 and 181' - this hull's MC number 2377 is a substitution, not the original assignment; Design AV used diesel in place of the requested reciprocating steam plant.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1943-1951
- Limitations
- shipscribe is a compiled reference (Tim Colton, coltoncompany lineage), not a primary document; class notes are paraphrased from Navy sources, not verbatim directives. 'Converted by builder' documents that Navy outfitting was done at the builder's yard rather than a separate conversion facility - it does not describe materials installed. The 'sunk 1951 off Taiwan' alternative is disclosed uncertainty, not an assertion; the 'MA Sale 2 Feb 48' table date conflicts with the card's 29 Jan sale and 3 Mar delivery - see correction row. No asbestos content; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-06
-
[7]shipbuildinghistory.com - Kaiser Richmond No. 4 yard page (compiled yard table and history) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Kaiser Richmond No. 4 page - yard history paragraph and row for hull 73 / MC 2377 (delivered May-45; 'To USN as AK 181, scrapped 1948')
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Builder-yard context: Kaiser Richmond Yard No. 4 was an emergency yard developed by Kaiser Cargo, Inc., with three ways in the fifth wave of shipbuilding expansion; originally intended as an expansion of Richmond #3 (designated Richmond #3A), it was assigned separate management, renamed Richmond #4, located on the south side of the inner end of the channel at Wharf Street, and closed at the end of the war. The yard table carries this hull as yard no. 73, original name 'Flagler', type C1-M-AV1, MC no. 2377, delivered May-45, 'To USN as AK 181, scrapped 1948'.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1943-1945
- Population
- Kaiser Richmond Yard No. 4 construction workforce (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Yard-level context for the builder of this hull; documents the facility's emergency-yard nature and the hull's yard number, but contains no asbestos or materials information and establishes nothing about materials aboard this hull. The yard table's 'scrapped 1948' conflicts with NavSource's 'scrapped at Shanghai 1949' - see correction row. The Atlas shipyards.json slug 'kaiser-shipyards' covers the Richmond complex generally, not Yard No. 4 specifically.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-07
-
[8]Batch-857 search ledger (this record): DANFS Wayback mirror; MARAD ShipHistory 5902 + both status cards; NavSource; HyperWar index; shipscribe; shipbuildinghistory (Kaiser Richmond #4); NVR hull check; CourtListener (API throttled; Google-indexed check); web-wide litigation search; NARA catalog; NHHC CINCPAC typhoon report extract; Flagler County official source [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-flagler-ak181-01 through sl-uss-flagler-ak181-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming USS Flagler / AK-181 / MC hull 2377 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull was sold in 1948 'for scrapping of hull' to a Shanghai buyer under PDX-402 - predating the Navy's asbestos-control programs of the late 1970s and NESHAP demolition rules - so no U.S.-regulated abatement record was ever expected to exist for this hull. The ship appears on bulk law-firm marketing lists of Navy hulls (e.g., freeasbestostesting.com auxiliary-ships list; duboselawfirm.com cargo-ships list); those lists enumerate every Navy ship and carry no ship-specific evidence - classified non-qualifying and not cited.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 2026-09-21
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945 C1-M-AV1 hull is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and this hull's documented storm damage and flooding (lower spaces and after engine room) would have disturbed any such materials during the October 1945 casualty and salvage. Direct CourtListener API queries were rate-limited on first attempt (authenticated 2800/day quota exhausted; 429, ~62-min backoff) and the daily quota was still exhausted on retry after the full backoff (~10.75-h remaining), so the direct API sweep could not be completed; a Google-indexed CourtListener check returned only Florida name collisions (West Flagler Associates v. Haaland; Flagler Street/Monument Island references; Flagler County litigation) - no hull-naming opinion located by that route. Residual litigation-discovery risk is noted rather than resolved. Does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-08
-
[9]Cross-source reconciliation: DANFS entry (Wayback mirror); NavSource AK-181 page; MARAD Detail 5902 status cards; shipscribe AK class page; NHHC CINCPAC report extract (faq102-6); shipbuildinghistory Kaiser Richmond No. 4 table; flaglercounty.gov 'About Us'; flaglersheriff.com county history [other_primary]
- Locator
- Per-item: shipscribe construction/disposition tables and ship note vs MARAD cards (2CE_01.png, 5902_AF.jpg) vs DANFS vs NavSource spec/chronology blocks vs CINCPAC listing ('Refloated 10/29'); flaglercounty.gov/Government/About-Us; flaglersheriff.com/about-us/history-of-flagler-county/
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source discrepancies logged, not merged: (a) Laid down - NavSource and Wikipedia carry 'laid down in 1944'; the shipscribe construction table carries keel 1945-02-06 (a 46-day build to the 24 Mar launch, consistent with Kaiser pace); shipscribe adopted as the specific data point, the '1944' framing disclosed. (b) Sale date - MARAD card 5902_AF.jpg reads 'Sold Jan. 29, 1948'; the custody card reads 'Deld to Asia Developement Corp ... 3-3-48'; the shipscribe disposition table's 'MA Sale' column carries 2 Feb 48; NavSource carries 'Sold, 3 March 1948' (the delivery date). Card values adopted: sale recorded 29 Jan 1948, delivery 3 Mar 1948; the 2 Feb 48 figure disclosed. (c) Refloat date - DANFS and shipscribe's note carry 26 Oct; the CINCPAC report listing carries 'Refloated 10/29'; DANFS adopted in prose, the listing date disclosed. (d) End-of-hull fate - NavSource 'scrapped at Shanghai in 1949'; shipbuildinghistory yard table 'scrapped 1948'; shipscribe 'either scrapped in the Far East or sunk 1951 off Taiwan'; the MARAD card documents only sale 'for scrapping of hull' - actual breaking/loss is unverified in primary sources. (e) Complement - DANFS cpl. 85 and NavSource 15+70 agree; shipscribe class table 69 and Design AV intent 75 differ - DANFS adopted. (f) Displacement - DANFS dp. 7,125 vs NavSource 7,450 fl vs MARAD card DISPL-7435; MARAD adopted where needed. (g) Speed - DANFS 12 k. vs NavSource/shipscribe 11.5. (h) Power - NavSource 1,700 shp vs shipscribe class table 1,750 - disclosed, neither adopted over the other. (i) Length - DANFS/NavSource 338'6" vs MARAD card 321'4" and detail page 321.30 ft (register vs overall-length distinction) - both disclosed. (j) Namesake - DANFS carries no namesake statement; secondary compilations report Flagler County, Florida; the county was created 28 Apr 1917 from parts of Volusia and St. Johns counties and named for industrialist Henry M. Flagler (flaglercounty.gov 'About Us' and Flagler County Sheriff's Office history page) - the county namesake is consistent with the class's county-name convention but is not DANFS-documented for this ship.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1944-1951 (dates reconciled 2026-09-21)
- Limitations
- Resolves nothing by fiat - records which source says what so downstream consumers inherit the conflicts honestly. Where a primary record and a compiled reference disagree, the primary record (MARAD card, DANFS) is adopted and the variant disclosed. No asbestos content in any reconciled source.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-09
-
[10]NARA record-group guidance: RG 24 deck logs (post-1941 at Archives II, College Park); RG 178 (U.S. Maritime Commission) Construction Division records; MARAD sale documentation (PDX-402 referenced on status card); CINCPAC Serial 0395 (Operational Archives Branch, per NHHC source note) [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov/research/military/logbooks (post-1941 Navy deck logs at College Park); archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/178.html; catalog.archives.gov returned only its JS application shell to automated query on 2026-09-21 - no digitized AK-181 log confirmed; NHHC faq102-6 source note ('Serial 0395 of 11 February 1946, World War II Command File, Operational Archives Branch')
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - require research-room or reproduction orders; no spend authorized): (a) NARA RG 24 WWII deck logs for AK-181 (May-Dec 1945) at Archives II, College Park - the commissioning-to-casualty period (shakedown, cargo runs, the 12 Sep typhoon transit, the 9 Oct grounding, abandonment at 0545, salvage, refloat, and the 24 Dec decommissioning) would be logged there; (b) the full CINCPAC report, Serial 0395 of 11 Feb 1946 (World War II Command File, Operational Archives Branch) - the NHHC extract is abridged and the underlying damage surveys for AK-181 may carry repair/materials detail; (c) NARA RG 178 (U.S. Maritime Commission) may hold the MC hull 2377 contract and C1-M-AV1 outfitting specifications for Kaiser Richmond Yard No. 4 hull 73; (d) the WSA declaration LV#164 dated 10/7/46 cited on the sale card - the surplus declaration that routed the hull to disposal; (e) the MARAD/USMC sale file PDX-402 (15 vessels, $271,000 lump sum, Asia Development Corp., Shanghai) - contract terms, delivery receipts, and any condition statements; (f) BuShips/MC records for the 'converted by builder' Navy outfitting at Kaiser Richmond Yard No. 4 - the likeliest surviving source for materials installed during conversion.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-21
- Study period
- 1945-1948 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flagler-ak181-10
Attribution
- Compiled by
- Paul Danziger; Rod de Llano
- Publisher
- Danziger & De Llano, LLP
- License
- CC-BY-4.0
- Citation
- Danziger, P., and De Llano, R. (2026). AsbestosAtlas Navy Vessel Asbestos Exposure Dataset. Danziger & De Llano, LLP. DOI: not yet assigned
- Dataset version
- asbestosatlas-ships-2026.10.12-rc.1
- DOI
- not yet assigned