Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 'USS Flamingo II (AMc-22/IX-180)' - verbatim transcription [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- HyperWar/ibiblio DANFS transcription, IX section, ix180.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS styles the entry 'USS Flamingo II' - the second Navy ship of the name (the first being Lapwing-class minesweeper Flamingo, Minesweeper No. 32/AM-32, in commission 1919-1922). DANFS: the fishing dragger Harriet N. Eldridge was built in 1940 for civilian owners, acquired by the U.S. Navy on 4 November 1940, and placed in service as the coastal minesweeper USS Flamingo (AMc-22) on 6 June 1941. She served in the waters of the 4th Naval District and the Potomac River Command, was redesignated IX-180 on 17 July 1944, and was stricken from the Navy list on 8 January 1946. DANFS characteristic line: l. 90'; b. 20'; dr. 10'; displacement, speed, complement, and armament left blank.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940-1946
- Population
- Crew of USS Flamingo (AMc-22/IX-180), 1941-1945
- Limitations
- Authoritative for identity and service timeline. Live NHHC page returned 404 on 2026-09-23 (standing NHHC link-rot defect first logged in Batch 01) - verbatim HyperWar transcription cited. Acquisition date conflicts with NavSource (4 vs 12 November 1940); DANFS is controlling here. Contains no asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-01
-
[2]Naval Historical Center Online Library photo page, 'Fishing Dragger Harriet N. Eldridge (1940); Later USS Flamingo (AMc-22, later IX-180), 1941-1946', photo NH 96309 caption [other_primary]
- Locator
- HyperWar mirror of NHC Online Library page, sh-civil/civsh-h/hn-eldrg.htm, NH 96309 caption block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- U.S. Naval Historical Center photo caption (NH 96309, original print in NARA Record Group 19-LCM) photographs Harriet N. Eldridge 'soon after completion' as a U.S. dragger of 1940 and confirms the acquisition/service chain (acquired 4 November 1940; in service 6 June 1941 as USS Flamingo AMc-22; reclassified IX-180 17 July 1944; stricken 8 January 1946). The caption explicitly distinguishes a second, nearly identical Harriet N. Eldridge built in 1941 that became AMb-20, renamed YP-378 on 1 May 1942, stricken 16 September 1944 - a documented same-name collision within the same Navy program.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940-1946
- Limitations
- Authoritative archival-photo record confirming identity and distinguishing the two same-name Eldridge hulls - material for any cross-check of secondary sources that conflate them. The caption hedges slightly ('probably the Harriet N. Eldridge built in 1940') because the sisters were near-identical. Contains no asbestos or materials information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-02
-
[3]Tim Colton, ShipbuildingHistory, 'Coastal Minesweepers (AMc)' conversion table; corroborated by NHHC Online Library caption for Rio Douro ('dragger type fishing vessel, built 1936 at Thomaston, Maine') and sister-vessel histories [other_primary]
- Locator
- minesweepers2.htm conversion-vessel table, AMc-22 row; program summary paragraph
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Standard shipbuilding reference (Colton's ShipbuildingHistory) documents the program context: 70 wooden-hulled Accentor-class coastal minesweepers were purpose-built to a single 97-ft design in 15 boatyards, and separately 45 fishing vessels were acquired and converted into minesweepers - AMc-22 Flamingo is in the conversion table as 'Morse SB, 93 ft, 199 t, 1940, ex-Harriet N. Eldridge, acquired 1940, IX-180 1944, struck 1946.' The Morse yard itself: Morse Boatbuilding Co., Water Street, Thomaston, established 1912 by Charles A. Morse, worked on close to 300 vessels (Maine Memory Network town-history page; later Lyman-Morse). Sister Morse-yard draggers in the same acquisition program (Blue Jay AMc-23 ex-Charles S. Ashley; Canary AMc-25 ex-John G. Murley; Mockingbird AMc-28 ex-Rio Douro) are described in DANFS-derived histories as wooden-hulled draggers.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940-1946
- Population
- Crews of the 45 converted fishing-vessel minesweepers (program context)
- Limitations
- Establishes the acquisition program and probable construction type (small wooden fishing dragger) but does not state this hull's material - sisters' wooden construction is program context, not a hull record. The same site's Morse-yard build table conflates the two Harriet N. Eldridges (lists the 1941 hull as 'Flamingo (AMc-22), YP-380' - contradicting NHHC's AMb-20/YP-378 record); the conflation is logged in gaps and the row is not used for identity claims.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-03
-
[4]NavSource Online, Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive, 'Flamingo (IX 180) ex-Flamingo (AMc 22)' [other_primary]
- Locator
- navsource.org/archives/11/03022.htm - 'Flamingo Class Coastal Minesweeper' service log, specifications block, CO list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource photo archive page for Flamingo (IX 180) ex-(AMc 22) gives: displacement 199 t; length 93'4"; beam 19'4"; draft 12'2"; speed 9 kts; armament one 3"/50 dual-purpose mount, one 20mm mount, two .30 cal machine guns; propulsion one 180-shp Cooper Bessemer diesel, one shaft; call sign Nan-Uncle-Peter-George; first CO LT Leonard Scott Bailey, USNR (6 June 1941 - February 1942; later Rear Admiral USNR-R). Post-Navy chain per NavSource: transferred to War Shipping Administration June 1946; acquired 1946 by Isaac C. Norton of Edgartown, MA for fishing; acquired 1956 by Flamingo, Inc. of Fairhaven, MA; burned 5 November 1970, text 'North Pacific' at stated position 47 deg 55'N, 122 deg 30'W. Page also carries a c. 1944 photograph captioned off Cape May, NJ - consistent with 4th Naval District service.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940-1970
- Population
- Post-Navy fishing crews (1946-1970), if chain confirmed
- Limitations
- Sole source for machinery spec, armament detail, CO, and the entire post-Navy chain; volunteer-compiled secondary archive, not an official record. Conflicts with DANFS on acquisition date (12 vs 4 November 1940 - DANFS controlling) and is internally inconsistent on the 1970 loss ('North Pacific' vs a Puget Sound position). Wikipedia's 'transferred to the Maritime Commission for sale, 6 January 1945' predates the strike date and is treated as erroneous - not carried. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-04
-
[5]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during World War II - the era in which this dragger was built (1940) and converted for Navy service (1940-41) - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard American hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarship on asbestos in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel. Its principal subjects are large shipyard construction programs - a 199-ton diesel fishing-dragger conversion had a materially smaller insulation footprint than the steam combatants discussed. Does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-05
-
[6]Batch-1557 era-inference framing, consistent with the program-level documentation in ev-05 (Corn & Starr 1987) and the converted-fishing-vessel program in ev-03; no hull-specific source [other_primary]
- Locator
- inference bounded by NavSource machinery spec (diesel, no steam plant) and the fishing-vessel conversion program
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era-typical asbestos applications for a small diesel auxiliary of 1940-41 are confined to fittings rather than plant insulation: engine gaskets and packing, exhaust-system lagging, electrical wiring insulation, winch/windlass brake linings, and any asbestos-cement sheet or insulation added in naval conversion. This list is inference from period marine practice - no specification, work package, or survey for this hull was located.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940-1946
- Population
- Conversion-yard workers (yard undocumented) and AMc-22/IX-180 crew, 1940-1946
- Limitations
- Pure era inference - no source names this hull's materials. The diesel plant (per NavSource) removes the boiler/steam-line insulation scope that drives most shipboard asbestos findings, but does not eliminate gaskets, packing, wiring, or conversion-added materials. Not evidence of presence or absence aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-06
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[7]Batch-1557 search ledger (this record): DANFS/HyperWar; NHHC Online Library NH 96309; NavSource; ShipbuildingHistory; CourtListener opinion and docket searches (8 queries); MARAD ShipHistory; shipyards.json cross-check [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-flamingo-amc22-01 through sl-uss-flamingo-amc22-12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, materials specification, or docketed case naming USS Flamingo, AMc-22, IX-180, or Harriet N. Eldridge was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The vessel is reported destroyed (burned 5 November 1970), so no surviving fabric exists to survey.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 2026-09-23
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1940 commercial dragger converted for Navy use is era-consistent with at least gasket/packing/lagging applications. The 1970 destruction forecloses future physical survey. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-07
-
[8]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel - deck logs), RG 181 (Naval Districts and Shore Establishments), RG 19 (Bureau of Ships, incl. 19-LCM photographic series) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG guides; RG 19-LCM series confirmed by NH 96309 caption (ev-02)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - require research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): NARA RG 24 WWII deck logs for AMc-22/IX-180 would fix daily positions, commanding officers, and any recorded yard periods; RG 181 (Naval Districts and Shore Establishments) holds 4th Naval District and Potomac River Naval Command operational records that may document the vessel's IX-180 duties; RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) conversion files may hold the minesweeper-conversion specification and yard; RG 19-LCM holds the NH 96309 original print.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1940-1946 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-flamingo-amc22-08