Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
-
[1]research packet gj-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-frank-knox-dd742-pkt-gj-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, 'Frank Knox (DD-742)' (verbatim transcription at destroyerhistory.org; live NHHC ship page and mirror paths returned 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry text (opens 'Frank Knox (DD 742) was launched on 17 September 1944...'; extended narrative marked 'Source: Naval History & Heritage Command')
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS entry for this hull (verbatim transcription, destroyerhistory.org, marked 'Source: Naval History & Heritage Command'): launched 17 September 1944 by Bath Iron Works Corp., Bath, Maine; sponsored by Mrs. Frank Knox, widow of Secretary Knox; commissioned 11 December 1944, Commander J. C. Ford, Jr., in command; redesignated DDR-742 on 18 March 1949. Service narrative: San Pedro Bay arrival 16 June 1945; fast-carrier raids on Japan; Tokyo Bay surrender 2 September 1945; occupation duty; Far East tours 1947-48; Korea from 6 July 1950 (Inchon invasion support, shore bombardment, Taiwan Straits patrol, 30 January 1951 mock invasion, Wonsan Harbor minesweeper fire support in 1952); 1953 armistice cruise covering POW transport to Taiwan; 1955 Tachen Islands evacuation; annual WestPac deployments through 1962; FRAM II modernization 1960-61; Far East-based late 1961 to mid-1964; Vietnam deployment June 1965; Pratas Reef grounding 18 July 1965; extensive repairs at Yokosuka; active November 1966; redesignated DD-742 on 1 January 1969; final deployment November 1970; decommissioned end of January 1971; transferred to the Greek Navy on 3 February 1971, serving as Themistoklis (D-210) until retired 31 August 1992; sunk 12 September 2001 as a torpedo target by the Greek submarine Nereus (S-111). One battle star WWII, five Korea.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1944-2001
- Population
- Bath Iron Works construction trades 1944; wartime and postwar crew
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and honors, not materials or asbestos content. Transcription mirror cited because the live NHHC page was not located; laid-down date (8 May 1944) is from the companion NHHC construction page. The extended entry credits the 2001 target sinking to submarine Nereus (S-111) while the 2003 NHC photo page credits 'submarine Kyklon' - conflict carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-01
-
[3]Naval Historical Center Online Library ship page, 'USS Frank Knox (DD-742, later DDR-742 and DD-742), 1944-1971' (Wayback capture 2009-04-22) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Ship-page narrative paragraphs 1-4; photo captions NH 99049-99051, USN 1054651 (Mare Island, 25 April 1961)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC ship page (Naval Historical Center Online Library, Wayback capture): 2,425-ton Gearing-class destroyer built at Bath, Maine, commissioned December 1944; TF 38 raids and Tokyo Bay; reclassified DDR March 1949; FRAM II modernization 1960-61 at Mare Island Naval Shipyard (photo captions NH 99049-99051, USN 1054651: 'at the conclusion of her FRAM II modernization, 25 April 1961'); Far East-based late 1961 to mid-1964; Vietnam gunfire support/coastal patrol June 1965; rejoined active forces November 1966; redesignated DD-742 beginning of 1969; final deployment November 1970; decommissioned end of January 1971; transferred to the Greek Navy days later, renamed Themistoklis; sunk as a torpedo target by the Greek submarine Kyklon on 12 September 2001.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1944-2001
- Population
- Mare Island Naval Shipyard trades 1960-61; crew 1944-1971
- Limitations
- Authoritative hull history including the FRAM II yard period and disposition, but states nothing about asbestos content, removal, or exposure. The Kyklon attribution conflicts with secondary compilations naming submarine Nereus (S-111) - see gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-02
-
[4]Naval Historical Center Online Library, 'USS Frank Knox (DDR-742) - Grounding and Salvage, July-August 1965' (Wayback capture 2010-01-18) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Grounding/salvage page narrative paragraphs 1-3
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC grounding/salvage page (Naval Historical Center Online Library, Wayback capture): in the early hours of 18 July 1965, underway at sixteen knots in the South China Sea, Frank Knox ran hard aground on Pratas Reef ~200 miles east-southeast of Hong Kong. Salvage involved Grapple (ARS-7), Conserver (ARS-39), tugs Munsee, Cocopa and Sioux, submarine rescue ship Greenlet, and destroyer Cogswell; pull attempts 20 July-2 August failed; typhoon waves drove her further on, holing her more severely with machinery spaces flooded and hull weakened; plastic foam filled flooded compartments; hull stiffeners welded; explosives used on coral; pull on 22 August produced movement; refloated 24 August 1965 after nearly six weeks. Repaired in Japan; six more years USN service, then two decades in the Greek Navy.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1965-07-18 to 1965-08-24
- Population
- Salvage-force personnel aboard the stranded hull; crew evacuated by helicopter
- Limitations
- Documents the stranding and salvage event aboard this hull - a casualty that extensively disturbed machinery spaces - but says nothing about asbestos, insulation materials, or exposure. The salvage involved cutting, welding, foaming, and removal of weights in flooded spaces; any insulation-disturbance inference is era-based, not documented here.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-03
-
[5]U.S. Navy, Supervisor of Salvage, 'USS Frank Knox (DDR-742) Stranding Salvage', NAVSHIPS 0994-002-6010 (25 Oct. 1968), FOIA release (NAVSEA, Dec. 2008) via governmentattic.org [other_primary]
- Locator
- Foreword (Boyd/Rynecki authorship, 25 Oct. 1968 date); damage narrative (fireroom/engineroom flooding); post-refloat tow and Kaohsiung drydock and Yokosuka delivery passages
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NAVSHIPS 0994-002-6010, the Navy Supervisor of Salvage's official case-study report 'USS Frank Knox (DDR-742) Stranding Salvage' (published 25 October 1968; written by the on-scene salvors CDR J. Huntly Boyd USN and Alex Rynecki; FOIA release via NAVSEA 17 December 2008), documents for this hull: forward fireroom and forward engineroom flooded; only No. 4 boiler operable; machinery foundations and piping working against a bottom flexing up to one foot; pioneering Foam-in-Salvage urethane fill of flooded compartments; tow by Conserver, Munsee, Grapple and USS Pollux (AKS-4); drydocking and temporary repairs at the Fourth Chinese Naval Shipyard, Kaohsiung, completed 20 September 1965; permanent repairs at SRF Yokosuka after arrival 27 September 1965.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1965-07-18 through 1966 (report published 1968)
- Population
- Navy salvage crews, divers, Fourth Chinese Naval Shipyard (Kaohsiung) and SRF Yokosuka repair trades, 1965-66
- Limitations
- Ship-specific primary engineering record of a casualty that flooded and disturbed machinery spaces and produced a major overseas repair effort - but it addresses salvage, not material content, and contains no asbestos/insulation reference. Scanned FOIA copy OCR is imperfect. Establishes the repair events and populations (salvors, Kaohsiung and SRF Yokosuka yard trades), not asbestos exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-04
-
[6]Text extraction of NAVSHIPS 0994-002-6010 (pdftotext; fuzzy grep for asbestos/insulation/lagging terms), this session's sources copy [other_primary]
- Locator
- Full-text search of extracted report text; zero asbestos-term matches
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Negative finding: full text search of the NAVSHIPS 0994-002-6010 salvage report (5,492 extracted lines covering flooded machinery spaces, boiler damage, compartment foaming, and repair) returns zero occurrences of 'asbestos', 'insulation'/'lagging', or 'thermal' - including fuzzy OCR variants - in the most detailed ship-specific primary document located for this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- Report covers 1965 events; published 1968
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Silence in a salvage report does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the report's purpose is hull recovery, not materials inventory; the scanned FOIA copy's OCR could also drop garbled mentions. Recorded as a repository-level negative finding only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-05
-
[7]Naval Sea Systems Command FOIA Reading Room, MIL-I-24244(SHIPS), 'Insulation Materials, Thermal, with Special Corrosion and Chloride Requirements', 22 Aug. 1965 (changes through 5 Sept. 1973) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Scope/types list (Types 6A, 7, 8, 14, 14E, 14F); OCR of scanned PDF (live navsea.navy.mil returned HTTP 403 to automated fetch)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- NAVSEA FOIA reading-room copy of MIL-I-24244(SHIPS), 'Insulation Materials, Thermal, with Special Corrosion and Chloride Requirements' (Wayback capture of navsea.navy.mil file dated 1965-08-22 with changes through 1973-09-05), lists asbestos material types for shipboard thermal insulation: Type 6A asbestos; Type 7 'Insulation felt, thermal, asbestos fiber' (MIL-I-18003); Type 8 'Adhesive, asbestos cloth to pipe insulation' (MIL-A-18199); Type 14 'Cloth, thread and tape; asbestos' (SS-C-466); glass-asbestos cloth subtypes 14E/14F. The spec window overlaps this hull's FRAM-era tail and post-grounding repair years.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1965-1973
- Population
- Navy shipboard insulation trades (era)
- Limitations
- Navy-wide material specification; it does not name Frank Knox, prove procurement or installation aboard her, identify a location or quantity, or establish exposure. Live NAVSEA site blocked automated fetches (HTTP 403); content verified by OCR of the Wayback capture.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-06
-
[8]Goodrich v. Air & Liquid Systems Corp., Omnibus Opinion and Order, ECF No. 171, E.D. Va. No. 4:17-cv-00009 (Sept. 28, 2018); DANFS/Gearing-class technical data; Atlas shipyards.json 'bath-iron-works' record [court_record]
- Locator
- Omnibus opinion pp. 12, 19, 31 (OCR of scanned ECF 171); class technical data; shipyards.json 'bath-iron-works'
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Class/era inference: a Gearing-class destroyer built 1944 at Bath Iron Works with four Babcock & Wilcox superheated boilers and GE geared steam turbines (60,000 shp) is consistent with peak-era Navy asbestos use - boiler casing and fireroom insulation, steam-pipe lagging, turbine lagging, valve/flange gaskets and packing, and accommodation insulation. The published omnibus opinion in Goodrich v. Air & Liquid Systems Corp. (E.D. Va. 2018) recites a Navy engineering drawing for the DD-692 (Sumner)/Gearing machinery group specifying 'amosite felts and asbestos cloths' on forced-draft blower turbines and an expert report's 'partial tally' of 30.3 tons of asbestos thermal insulation/lagging in fire and engine rooms of Sumner/Gearing-class destroyers - litigation recitals, not adjudicated classwide findings. Builder Bath Iron Works is documented at yard level in the Atlas shipyard dataset; NARA RG 19 General Information Books per-vessel material specifications are an unretrieved archival lead.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1944-1971
- Population
- Bath Iron Works construction trades 1944; crews 1944-1971; yard workers at Mare Island (FRAM II 1960-61), Kaohsiung and SRF Yokosuka (1965-66 repairs)
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - establishes plausible asbestos product categories for the class and era, not their presence aboard this hull. The drawing and tonnage figures are litigation recitals whose underlying exhibits were not retrieved; no ship-specific asbestos finding is asserted from them.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-07
-
[9]GAO, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure', HRD-80-2 (Oct. 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented the Navy's asbestos-protection program: standing policy (1975) removed asbestos insulation only when damaged or required for repairs, modified 1979 to selective replacement in high-maintenance areas - meaning original-era insulation typically remained in place for decades unless a yard period disturbed it. Program-level context for this hull's documented FRAM II (Mare Island 1960-61) and post-stranding rebuild (Kaohsiung/Yokosuka 1965-66) yard periods.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (program review)
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation, not class- or hull-specific; the GAO fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk, not Bath, Mare Island, or Yokosuka. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch) - content via product-page description. Establishes policy context only, no exposure aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-08
-
[10]CourtListener API v4 authenticated searches, exact queries 'USS Frank Knox' (type=o; type=r), '"Frank Knox" "DD-742"' (type=o), '"DD-742"' (type=o and type=r), '"DDR-742"' (type=o and type=r), run through cl-auth-search.py [court_record]
- Locator
- API responses: count 0, results [] for each of the six queries
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Authenticated CourtListener API v4 searches via the fleet helper returned zero results for the exact-name queries 'USS Frank Knox' in both the opinion index (type=o) and the RECAP docket index (type=r), for the combined name/hull-number opinion query '"Frank Knox" "DD-742"', and for the variant hull-number queries '"DD-742"' (type=o and type=r) and '"DDR-742"' (type=o and type=r).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Negative results only for these exact queries and indexes - they do not prove that no asbestos litigation, RECAP filing, spelling variant, or hull-number reference exists, and they are not merits findings about exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-09
-
[11]CourtListener API v4 authenticated searches ('"Frank Knox" asbestos', type=o) and opinion fetch (opinions/6825985), run through cl-auth-search.py [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion text: 'Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox' testimony passages (1941 appropriations hearing)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion-index query '"Frank Knox" asbestos' returned one opinion, Johns-Manville Corp. v. United States, 13 Cl. Ct. 72 (1987). Full-text review (opinion 6825985) shows every 'Frank Knox' reference concerns Secretary of the Navy Frank Knox's 1942 congressional testimony on wartime procurement/insurance policy - the person, not this vessel. Classified: name collision, not qualifying litigation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- Opinion filed 1987-08-06
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- The hit is a Secretary-of-the-Navy name collision inside a landmark asbestos cost-recovery opinion about WWII shipyard exposures - it neither names this hull nor evidences exposure aboard her. Not carried as qualifying litigation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-10
-
[12]CourtListener API v4 authenticated search through cl-auth-search.py: '"Frank Knox"' (type=r) [court_record]
- Locator
- Helper diagnostics: 'COURTLISTENER PACING: the fleet-wide request budget is momentarily spent' on repeated spaced attempts
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- The broad docket-index query '"Frank Knox"' (type=r) was repeatedly initiated through the required authenticated helper but returned fleet-pacing stand-down notices (helper exit 2; shared ~114/hr budget intermittently spent by concurrent sessions) across multiple spaced attempts. No result set, 429, or multi-hour wait directive was returned; this leg remains incomplete.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- No conclusion may be drawn from an incomplete search - not classified as no-result and no litigation hit is asserted. The broad-name docket query is the noisiest leg (Secretary Knox, estate, and unrelated person collisions expected); re-run through the fleet helper when pacing budget permits and classify every hit.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-11
-
[13]Naval Historical Center Online Library, Frank Knox pages (Wayback captures): ship page, construction page, grounding/salvage page; NARA photo cross-references [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC ship page 'National Archives' holdings list (80-G-288124, 80-G-637382, 80-G-1078446, USN 1045470/1045475/1054651/1059161/1059162/1075223/1096050, 428-KN-17646)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC Online Library pages document National Archives photographic holdings for this hull (80-G and USN series including construction, Okinawa 1952, Pearl Harbor 1953, FRAM-completion and 1965 grounding imagery) and the NARA reproduction path; standard NARA repositories for hull-level records (RG 24 deck logs; RG 19 General Information Books) and the NAVSEA FOIA release file for the salvage report are plausible material-specification sources. None retrieved.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- n/a
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Collection listings establish that holdings exist, not their contents. None identifies asbestos, specifications, abatement, or exposure; the underlying items were not retrieved for this record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-frank-knox-dd742-12