Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]Historic American Engineering Record CA-343, 'General John Pope, Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet, Benicia, Solano County, CA' (2008; 35 photos, 8 measured drawings, 13 data pages; Library of Congress) [haer]
- Locator
- HAER CA-343 written history pp. 1-9 (MARAD-hosted PDF; LOC item hhh.ca3460); Description and Operational History sections
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NPS Historic American Engineering Record survey HAER CA-343 documented this specific hull at Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet (historian Brian Clayton, winter 2008): P2-S2-R2 troop transport built by Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Kearny NJ; commissioned 5 Aug 1943; four oil-fired Foster Wheeler boilers supplying 465 psi/765 deg F steam to two De Laval geared turbines (high- and low-pressure) driving twin shafts at 17,000 shp, in two separated machinery spaces for damage compartmentation; 106-vent/~29-mile-ductwork air-conditioning system; berthing for 5,289 troops plus 446 crew; WWII, Korean, and Vietnam service; sole surviving P2-S2-R2 afloat as of 2008; sold for scrap 2010.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1943-2010
- Population
- Construction trades (Federal Shipbuilding, Kearny 1942-43); Maryland Drydock conversion workers (1943); crew (~446-466); embarked troops (up to ~5,289 per voyage)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific engineering survey of this hull, but it contains NO asbestos, insulation-material, or hazmat statement - the word 'asbestos' does not appear; fiber content of boiler/turbine/pipe insulation aboard is not established by this source. Establishes plant configuration and history only; no quantities; no exposure or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-01
-
[2]HAER CA-343 (documented plant aboard this hull), Description section citing U.S. Navy Ships' Data Vol. III (1946) pp. 208-209 and MARAD ship plans MA20-1/MA20-2 (NMAH collection) [haer]
- Locator
- HAER CA-343 written history pp. 4-6 (Description); Appendix A (P2-S2-R2 designation)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The machinery plant documented aboard this hull - four oil-fired Foster Wheeler boilers delivering 465 psi / 765 deg F steam to two De Laval geared turbines via steam piping in two machinery spaces, plus a 106-vent, ~29-mile-ductwork air-conditioning plant - is of the WWII Maritime Commission type and era in which boiler, turbine, and steam-line insulation, flange gaskets, valve packing, and duct insulation were commonly manufactured with asbestos fiber; the ship was built and converted while federal policy reserved asbestos supply for shipbuilding.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1942-1943; 1950; 1953
- Population
- Federal Shipbuilding construction trades (1942-43); Maryland Drydock conversion workers (1943); engine-room crew; refit workers (1950, 1953)
- Limitations
- The plant configuration is ship-specific and documented; the asbestos content is class/era inference - no insulation-material statement exists for this hull. Does not establish that asbestos was or remained aboard, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-02
-
[3]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents extensive asbestos use as fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and emergency construction program (USMC P2-S2-R2) under which this vessel was mass-produced - with wartime demand driving unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard ship hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-03
-
[4]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database - GENERAL JOHN POPE (AP-110), Ship History Detail 1827 (narrative, milestone table, digitized status card) [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- ShipHistory Detail 1827, Historical Narrative + Milestones table + status-card scans
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD ShipHistory database record for General John Pope (AP-110): MC hull 688, type P2-S2-R2, U.S. Official No. 0719555, built 1943 by Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock, 17,927 gross tons; digitized status card and milestones document custody trail (delivered to Maritime Commission and turned over to Navy 1943-07-02; to War Shipping Administration 1946-06-12; bareboat to War Department for Army service; returned by Army 1949-08-29; MSTS lay-up custody entries 1950-07-20; NDRF entry 1970-05-01 at Suisun Bay; interim movement to Brownsville TX 2010-06-08; withdrawal - dismantlement complete 2011-03-24).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1943-2011
- Limitations
- Authoritative for government custody milestones and specifications; status-card handwriting partially legible (transcription approximate). Contains no asbestos, materials, or condition-survey information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-04
-
[5]DANFS, General John Pope (AP-110) (verbatim transcription - live NHHC page unavailable; companion NHC Online Library page also mirrored) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- HyperWar DANFS transcription (ibiblio.org); canonical NHHC URL https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/g/general-john-pope.html returned 404 on 2026-09-25; NHC Online Library narrative at https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-g/ap110.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS entry documents construction and voyage-level WWII service: launched 21 Mar 1943 under MC contract at Federal Shipbuilding, Kearny NJ (sponsor Mrs. Charles P. Gross); acquired 2 Jul 1943; ferry commission for transit to Maryland Drydock Co., Baltimore, for conversion; commissioned in full 5 Aug 1943 (Capt. George D. Lyon). Maiden voyage with >6,000 troops/civilians to Greenock, Scotland (Sep 1943); liferaft conversion at Norfolk; then Pacific troop runs - Brisbane, Noumea, Guadalcanal, Auckland, Oro Bay (incl. 1st Filipino Infantry Regiment, Apr 1944), Russell Islands, Bombay (nearly 4,000 NZ troops onward to Melbourne/Wellington), Manila-Leyte-Biak, Marseilles-to-Manila (5,242 troops), and five post-war 'Magic Carpet' repatriation voyages; decommissioned New York 12 Jun 1946 and returned to WSA. Reinstated 20 Jul 1950 and assigned to MSTS 1 Aug 1950; Korea troop lift; reduced operating status Seattle 14 May 1955; to MARAD NDRF Olympia 5 Sep 1958; reactivated 17 Aug 1965 for Vietnam-era MSTS service from San Francisco. Six battle stars for Korean service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1943-1967
- Population
- Crew and embarked troops (WWII; Korea; Vietnam)
- Limitations
- Authoritative Navy history for identity, dates, and service narrative; contains no asbestos or materials statement. DANFS text ends mid-1967 ('scheduled to continue') - does not document 1970 inactivation or disposal; those rest on MARAD/HAER/NavSource rows. No exposure or causation content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-05
-
[6]Memorandum of Agreement Between USDOT/Maritime Administration and the California State Historic Preservation Officer Regarding the Disposition of the Obsolete Vessels Mission Santa Ynez, Taluga, General Edwin D. Patrick, and General John Pope (signed 10/24/2009 MARAD; 25 Nov 2009 SHPO; document posted 11/2/2009) [other_primary]
- Locator
- MOA pp. 1-5 (Whereas clauses; Stipulation I); Attachment 1 (MARAD-NPS/HAER interagency agreement, Multiple Ships Recording Project II)
- Finding type
- regulatory
- Finding
- Memorandum of Agreement (executed Nov 2009) between USDOT/Maritime Administration and the California SHPO under NHPA Section 106 covering four obsolete Suisun Bay NDRF vessels including General John Pope: MARAD determined the vessels NRHP-eligible; listed for donation since June 2005 with no qualifying request received; undertaking (complete dismantlement by a ship scrapping contractor) determined an adverse effect; mitigation stipulation required HAER documentation of each vessel in present configuration before disposal, with copies to SHPO and the Library of Congress.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2005-2010
- Limitations
- Regulatory/historic-preservation record naming this hull; establishes NRHP-eligibility determination and the HAER-documentation mandate, not asbestos. Contains no asbestos, hazmat, or materials statement for this vessel. Scanned PDF; text via OCR.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-06
-
[7]Carslund v. United States, 88 F. Supp. 105 (N.D. Cal. Jan. 19, 1950), No. 25478 (Harris, J.) - CourtListener opinion 8729758 [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion at 105-106 (libel allegations; laches analysis)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Carslund v. United States, 88 F. Supp. 105 (N.D. Cal. 1950): libel under the Suits in Admiralty Act and Public Vessels Act by an independent-contractor employee allegedly scalded by hot water and steam while repairing the main feed pump aboard the vessel 'General John Pope' docked at Fort Mason, San Francisco (the ship's Army-transport period); the United States excepted on laches (suit commenced more than one year after the alleged injury); the opinion holds California's one-year limitation period (CCP sec. 340(3)) is the laches benchmark and the claim is precluded absent a valid basis for delay.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- ca. 1948-1949 (alleged injury); 1950 (opinion)
- Population
- Independent-contractor repair worker aboard (one individual)
- Limitations
- NOT asbestos litigation - a scald/burn injury during machinery-space repair, at laches/jurisdictional stage; merits of the injury claim were not adjudicated in the reviewed text (final disposition line not retrieved; opinion's reasoning applies the one-year bar absent excuse). Ship-specific docketed litigation naming the hull, but it supports no asbestos claim. Included for completeness of the litigation surface.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-07
-
[8]San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board, 'Suisun Bay Reserve Fleet Consent Order Fact Sheet' and Board agenda items (Apr 2010 item 7; Sep 2017 item 7B retrospective); tow-out details per NavSource archive and San Francisco Chronicle reporting [other_primary]
- Locator
- Water Board consent-order fact sheet; 2017-09 item 7B staff report (retrospective); NavSource 22110 final-disposition note
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- April 2010 federal consent judgment (U.S. District Court, E.D. Cal., Judge Garland Burrell) settled litigation by the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board, Arc Ecology, San Francisco Baykeeper, and NRDC over pollutant discharges (flaking paint debris and heavy metals) from MARAD's ~56 non-retention vessels at Suisun Bay - the fleet in which this vessel lay. The judgment required deck-debris removal within 120 days, drydock cleaning of flaking paint/marine growth before removal, disposal of the 20 worst-condition ships by 9/30/2012 and all by 9/30/2017. Consistent with that regime, this vessel was withdrawn 5 May 2010, drydock-cleaned at BAE Shipyards (Pier 70) in San Francisco, and towed to Brownsville, Texas for recycling.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2007-2010
- Limitations
- Fleet-level environmental enforcement about paint/heavy-metal discharges to the Bay - NOT asbestos documentation, and the judgment does not identify ACM aboard this or any vessel. Explains the regulatory pathway for the ship's 2010 cleaning and disposal only.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-08
-
[9]Batch-2041 search ledger (this record): HAER CA-343 full text; MARAD ShipHistory 1827 + status card + MOA; DANFS/NHC texts; CourtListener name/hull/docket searches; Water Board documents [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-01 through -14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: HAER CA-343 surveyed this exact hull and contains no asbestos or insulation-material statement; the MARAD custody record, 2009 MOA, and Suisun Bay consent-judgment materials contain none; CourtListener exact-name opinion search returned one ship-specific but non-asbestos case (Carslund, scald injury) plus name collisions; 'General John Pope' + asbestos returned zero; 'AP-110' opinion hits are citation-format collisions.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943 steam transport is era-consistent with asbestos insulation, and the hull was scrapped in 2010-2011 rather than preserved, so no present-day survey opportunity exists. MARAD recycling-contract hazmat exhibits (asbestos inventories are routine in MARAD ship-disposal solicitations) were not located in public sources; see archival_lead row.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-09
-
[10]Internet Archive scan of 'USA - AP-110 USS General John Pope Booklet of General Plans (1944), Maryland Drydock Company'; NARA Guide to Federal Records RG 178; MARAD ShipHistory detail 1827 [other_primary]
- Locator
- archive.org/details/ap110bogp1944; https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/178.html
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved; no spend authorized): (a) the ship's 1944 Booklet of General Plans drawn at Maryland Drydock Company during her conversion is digitized on archive.org (ap110bogp1944, 98.9MB scan set) and may carry insulation/schedule notes; (b) NARA RG 178 (U.S. Maritime Commission) may hold the Federal Shipbuilding contract and construction files for MC hull 688; (c) MARAD ship-disposal files for the 2010-11 recycling contract (hazmat/asbestos inventories and contractor exhibits) were not located in public sources; (d) the unnamed Oregon shipyard that performed the Feb-May 1953 modernization (air conditioning installation) is an open lead in MARAD/status-card or Puget Sound-area yard records.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1944-2011 records
- Limitations
- Record-location mapping only - the BoGP scan was located but its 98.9MB image set was not reviewed page-by-page; whether it contains insulation schedules is unknown. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-john-pope-ap110-10