Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 'General Stuart Heintzelman (AP-159)' (HyperWar/ibiblio transcription) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Full entry incl. namesake biography, characteristics line, and service narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS entry: General Stuart Heintzelman (AP-159), a General G. O. Squier-class C4-S-A1 troop transport (named for Army Maj. Gen. Stuart Heintzelman, 1876-1935), was launched 21 April 1945 under a Maritime Commission contract by Kaiser Co., Inc., Yard 3, Richmond, Calif. (sponsor Mrs. C. H. Wright), acquired and commissioned 12 September 1945 (Comdr. M. S. Clark). She made occupation and 'Magic Carpet' voyages from San Pedro/Seattle to Yokohama and Manila October 1945-March 1946, transited Panama to New York (arrived 27 May 1946), decommissioned 12 June 1946, and was returned to WSA for Army Transport Service use. Reacquired by the Navy 1 March 1950 for MSTS, civilian-crewed: Far East trooping to Korea July 1950-December 1951, then New York passenger runs to Bremerhaven, La Pallice, Southampton, Argentia, Reykjavik, and San Juan. Deactivated 24 June 1954 to the Atlantic Reserve Fleet, Orange, Tex.; returned to the Maritime Administration 1960 and berthed with the National Defense Reserve Fleet, Beaumont, Tex.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1945-1960
- Limitations
- Authoritative official history but written ca. 1960s - ends with the ship still in the Beaumont fleet; later history from other sources. Canonical history.navy.mil URL returned 404 on 2026-09-25 (standing NHHC link-rot per BATCH-01); the HyperWar transcription is cited. Contains no asbestos, insulation, or materials content - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-01
-
[2]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database - GENERAL STUART HEINTZELMAN (AP-159), Ship History Detail 1844, incl. digitized status card and Form MA-383 reserve-fleet particulars card [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- ShipHistory Detail 1844 milestone table; status-card images /cards/1844_3413AF.jpg, /cards/1844_3413AB.jpg, /cards/fe571d95-8202-4bb2-ab29-dc33d8e58dbd.png (read direct)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD ShipHistory database (Detail 1844) and digitized vessel status card, O.N. 513556, type C4-S-A1 transport, MC hull 716, built by Kaiser SB Co. (Yard R3), Richmond, Calif., completed 9-12-45. The status card documents the full custody chain: delivered to WSA on basis 6-12-46 5:00PM EDT at Hoboken, NJ 'from Navy Dept. - Surplus'; War Dept. bareboat at Hoboken 6-12-46, transport agreement 8-30-46; title to Navy Dept. 3-1-50; Reserve Fleet custody Beaumont, Tex. 3-7-60 2:50PM CST; permanent transfer to Maritime Administration 6-30-60; title to Sea-Land Service, Inc. under the Exchange Program, Washington, D.C., 4-11-68, physical delivery at Beaumont 4-18-68 11:10AM CST. Reserve-fleet particulars card (Form MA-383): entered Beaumont 3-7-1960 under temporary reimbursable Navy custody; withdrawn 4-18-1968 under Ship Exchange Contract MA-4521, 'Allocated to Sea-Land Service Inc. for conversion to containership. Exchange ship LACKAWANNA (MV)'; arrival draft Fwd 17'06" Aft 20'00"; passengers 3,823 (Enl. 3,595, Off. 228). Status card: renamed 'MOBILE' 6/68, 'Converted to Containership,' 'Sold to Han Sung Salvage Co. (Korean Co.)' 6/15/84. A companion MARAD narrative card records that in early June 1946 the ship was 'transferred to the Army to become a peacetime transport, pending alterations at Bethlehem's Hoboken yard between 10 June and mid-September 1946.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1945-1984
- Limitations
- Authoritative government custody record; resolves several date conflicts in secondary sources (see correction row). Status-card handwriting partially OCR-aided - the '3149' margin figure and one damages annotation were not fully legible. Administrative custody data only: no asbestos, materials, condition-survey, or abatement information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-02
-
[3]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, USNS General Stuart Heintzelman (T-AP-159) ex USAT / USS AP-159 page [other_primary]
- Locator
- Chronology and specifications sections (navsource.net mirror also consulted)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource Service Ship Photo Archive chronology and specifications: laid down (date unknown) as C4-S-A1 MC hull 716 at Kaiser Shipbuilding Inc., Yard No. 3, Richmond, CA; launched 21 April 1945; commissioned USS General Stuart Heintzelman (AP-159) 12 September 1945, CDR Mathias S. Clark USNR; Navy Occupation Service Medal windows in Asia 20-28 October 1945, 26-30 November 1945, 20 January-9 February 1946, and Europe 29 January-31 March 1954; decommissioned 12 June 1946 at Hoboken, N.J.; struck from the Naval Register 10 July 1946; delivered to the Army and commissioned USAT General Stuart Heintzelman 20 August 1946; reacquired and reinstated 1 March 1950, in service as USNS T-AP-159; out of service 24 June 1954; returned to MARAD 7 March 1960 for lay-up at NDRF Beaumont; struck 1 September 1960; transferred to Sea-Land Inc. (MARAD Exchange Program) 11 April 1968, renamed SS Mobile, converted to containership; sold for scrapping 15 June 1984 to Han Sung Salvage Co., Korea. Specifications: displacement 9,950 t. (lt.) / 17,250 t. (fl.); length 522'10"; beam 71'6"; draft 26'6"; speed 16.5 kts; complement 32 officers/324 enlisted; troop accommodations 228 officers/3,595 enlisted; one Westinghouse turbine, two Babcock & Wilcox header-type boilers 465 psi 765 deg F, double Westinghouse main reduction gears, three turbo-drive 400 kW 240 V DC generators, single propeller, 9,000 shp; armament four 5"/38 DP, two twin 40mm, sixteen single 20mm.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1945-1984
- Limitations
- Reputable volunteer-compiled secondary archive; dates and specs agree with the MARAD status card except USAT delivery (20 Aug vs card's 8-30-46) and it supplies the struck dates the card omits. Contains no asbestos or materials content - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-03
-
[4]National Archives of Australia, series PP482/1, item 82 (nominal rolls; digitized), plus Australian Women's Register entry AWH002643 summarizing the series [other_primary]
- Locator
- NAA RecordSearch image series B=439196; AWR entry AWH002643 (womenaustralia.info)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- National Archives of Australia Department of Immigration file PP482/1, item 82 ('General Heintzelman - Nominal Roll - arrived Fremantle 28 November 1947') documents the ship's USAT-era voyage carrying the first WWII displaced persons selected for settlement by the Australian Government: departed Bremerhaven 30 October 1947, arrived Fremantle 28 November 1947, approximately 843 passengers (Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian nationals); after quarantine and a stay at Graylands and Swanbourne camps, the passengers departed Fremantle aboard Kanimbla 2 December 1947 for Melbourne.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1947
- Population
- ~843 displaced persons aboard, 30 Oct-28 Nov 1947
- Limitations
- Primary archival record of an immigration operation - establishes the USAT-era voyage and passenger count; passenger tallies in the file itself vary (843 vs 844) and are noted, not merged. Contains no asbestos or materials content - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-04
-
[5]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and emergency-construction program under which this C4-S-A1 troopship was built at Kaiser Richmond in 1945 - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization aboard wartime-built hulls. The study's shipyard evidence centers on the West Coast emergency yards including the Kaiser operations.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally (incl. Kaiser yard health programs); does not name this vessel and does not establish that asbestos was or remained aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-05
-
[6]Batch-2087 search ledger (this record): DANFS (HyperWar mirror); NavSource 22159; MARAD ShipHistory 1844 + status cards; NAA PP482/1 item 82; CourtListener name/asbestos searches; shipbuildinghistory kperm3 [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-01 through -11
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed case naming the General Stuart Heintzelman / AP-159 / SS Mobile hull was found in the public sources searched - the DANFS entry, NavSource page, MARAD record and status card, and NAA immigration file contain no asbestos or insulation-material statement; CourtListener exact-name opinion and asbestos-keyword searches returned zero hits (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 2026-09-25
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1945 Kaiser-built steam troopship is era-consistent with asbestos-containing construction, and the 1968-69 conversion and 1984 scrapping have no materials record. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-06
-
[7]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 357 (Maritime Administration; 357.2.2 Special Review Committee on C-4 Ship Exchanges case files 1966-69) and RG 178 (U.S. Maritime Commission); NARA military deck-log guidance (RG 24) [other_primary]
- Locator
- RG 357.2.2 (Ship Design Division / C-4 exchange case files); https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/178.html
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads (not retrieved - no reproduction orders authorized): (a) NARA RG 357.2.2, Records of the Special Review Committee on C-4 Ship Exchanges - case files on the C-4 Troopship Exchange Program, 1966-69; this hull's withdrawal under Ship Exchange Contract MA-4521 (Sea-Land allocation, vs. exchange ship LACKAWANNA MV) falls squarely inside that committee's remit and its case files may hold the conversion/allocation documentation. (b) NARA RG 178 (U.S. Maritime Commission) construction/outfitting records for MC hull 716 - the likeliest public repository for the as-built insulation schedule. (c) Navy deck logs (RG 24) for the 1945-46 commissioned period. (d) National Archives of Australia series PP482/1 already-digitized nominal-roll file is the model for further Australian-held voyage records.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1945-1969 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for MC hull 716 or the MA-4521 conversion is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-07
-
[8]MARAD status card + Form MA-383 (controlling for custody dates); DANFS (HyperWar); NavSource 22159; NavalCoverMuseum (conflicting struck dates, not adopted); shipbuildinghistory kperm3 (delivered Sep-45) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Status-card allocation table; DANFS header line; NavSource chronology; navalcovermuseum.org/wiki/GENERAL_STUART_HEINTZELMAN_AP_159
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Source discrepancies resolved or flagged: (a) DANFS header prints the class as 'General A. O. Squier' - typo for General G. O. Squier (lead ship named for Maj. Gen. George Owen Squier); NavSource and class literature use G. O. Squier. (b) Decommission site: DANFS says the ship arrived New York 27 May 1946 and 'decommissioned there 12 June'; NavSource and the MARAD status card place decommission/delivery at Hoboken, N.J. - Hoboken adopted. (c) MARAD return date: NavSource gives 7 March 1960 (Beaumont custody entry, per status card) while DANFS says 'June 1960'; the status card shows custody 3-7-60 and permanent title transfer 6-30-60 - both dates are real events. (d) Sea-Land transfer: title 4-11-68 at Washington, D.C. vs physical delivery 4-18-68 at Beaumont - both on the card; NavSource uses the 11 April date, the MARAD milestone the 18th. (e) USAT delivery: status card 8-30-46 vs NavSource 'commissioned USAT 20 August 1946' - unresolved. (f) Scrapping port: card records sale to Han Sung Salvage Co. (Korea) 6/15/84 only; secondary sources variously say Incheon, Korea or Taiwan - unresolved. (g) Struck dates: NavalCoverMuseum lists 3 July 1946 and 'July 1960'; NavSource gives 10 July 1946 and 1 September 1960 - NavSource adopted as the more consistent secondary. (h) Containership-conversion yard: the MARAD card does not name it; secondary sources (Wikipedia; the 'firsttransport' research blog) attribute the deepening/rebuild to Alabama Dry Dock & Shipbuilding Co., Mobile, AL - consistent with the rename to MOBILE but not verified by a primary source; carried here only because the related_shipyards linkage uses it.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-25
- Study period
- 1945-1984
- Limitations
- Resolves publication-level discrepancies between official, administrative, and secondary sources; does not affect identity or the custody chain materially. None of these sources contains asbestos content - the row supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-general-stuart-heintzelman-08