Evidence
11 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-11).
-
[1]Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (NHHC), 'Genesee II (AT-55)' entry [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- Wayback capture: http://web.archive.org/web/20241225143552/https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/g/genesee-ii.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS: The second Genesee (AT-55), formerly Monocacy (S.P. 1116), was built in 1905 by Maryland Steel Co., Sparrow's Point, Md.; acquired 27 July 1917; commissioned 10 November 1917, Lt. C. H. T. B. Tissell USNRF in command. Stats line: dp. 688; l. 170'; b. 29'; dr. 16'; s. 15 k.; a. 1 3-inch gun. WWI service in Bremerhaven-Queenstown areas (patrol, towing, deep-sea rescue standby); Ponta Delgada tug duty from 31 December 1918; Brest tug/rescue work; 7-month tour off Spalato, Dalmatia, and Castella Bay from 30 September 1919. Arrived Cavite, Luzon, 7 September 1920 for permanent Asiatic Station duty; summer 1921 with the fleet at Chefoo, China; thereafter operated in the Philippines as tug, ferry, and target tow until scuttled at Corregidor 5 May 1942 to avoid capture. Awarded one battle star for World War II service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1905-1942
- Population
- Crew, WWI Atlantic/Adriatic service and Asiatic Station 1920-1942
- Limitations
- Authoritative for identity, dimensions, service narrative, and loss. Live NHHC URL returned 404 on 2026-09-26; text verified via Internet Archive Wayback capture dated 2024-12-25 (locator below). DANFS entry does not cover the Japanese salvage/PB-107 career, gives no complement figure, and contains no asbestos or materials information - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-01
-
[2]Navy Department, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, 1924 edition (digitized scan via shipscribe.com), Auxiliaries - Fleet Tugs (AT) tables, Genesee AT-55 rows [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1924.pdf, AUXILIARIES-FLEET TUGS (AT) characteristics/machinery/battery/dates tables, Genesee AT-55 rows (approx. pp. 208-217)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official Navy Department characteristics data for Genesee AT-55: steel hull, 170 ft 0 in overall / 158 ft 0 in between perpendiculars, beam 29 ft 0 in, mean draft 16 ft 0 in, displacement listed approximately 1,000 tons (marked estimated), speed 15.0 knots. Machinery: 1 vertical triple-expansion engine, cylinder diameters 18/28/45 in., 30-in. stroke; 2 single-ended (S.E.) boilers; heating surface 3,488 sq ft; approximately 1,000 ihp on trial. Builder Maryland Steel Co., Sparrows Point, Md.; price recorded $315,000 (purchase price footnote). Dates table confirms purchased 27 July 1917, built 1905, in service 25 September 1917, first commissioned 10 November 1917.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1905-1924
- Population
- Construction trades (Maryland Steel, 1905); Navy crew 1917-1942
- Limitations
- Official Navy publication digitized by a reputable third-party site (shipscribe.com); OCR-aided extraction from a wide-format table - column assignment verified against printed headers but the displacement figure (~1,000 tons, footnoted estimated) conflicts with DANFS's 688 tons and the 1938 edition's 745 tons standard; carried as a source discrepancy, not resolved. Contains no asbestos or insulation-material information - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-02
-
[3]Navy Department, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, 1938 edition (digitized scan via shipscribe.com), Auxiliaries - Ocean-Going Tugs (AT) tables, Genesee AT-55 rows (approx. pp. 212-217) [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1938.pdf, pp. 212-217, AUXILIARIES-OCEAN-GOING TUGS (AT), Genesee AT-55 rows across characteristics/tonnage/machinery/quarters/armament/dates tables
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Official 1938 characteristics for Genesee AT-55: length overall 170 ft 0 in; length on/below waterline 164 ft 0 in; extreme beam 29 ft 0 in; mean draft 11 ft 8 in; displacement 745 tons at standard displacement; designed speed 15.0 knots. Machinery unchanged: 1 propeller, 1 vertical triple-expansion engine, 2 single-ended boilers; 2 turbo generator sets, DC. Armament: authorized battery 2 x 3-inch/50-caliber broadside guns, footnoted 'authorized battery - guns not on board.' Quarters available: approximately 30 berths/hammock swings total (1 officer-space, 2 chief petty officer, 27 enlisted), a capacity figure - not an official complement.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1938
- Population
- Navy crew interwar period (accommodation capacity ~30)
- Limitations
- Digitized official publication; same OCR caveat as the 1924 edition. Displacement (745 t standard) and draft (11 ft 8 in) differ from DANFS (688 t, 16 ft) and the 1924 edition (~1,000 t estimated) - load-state basis differs; carried as source discrepancy. The 'guns not on board' footnote indicates the authorized 2 x 3-inch/50 battery was not carried in 1938 while DANFS's stat line shows 1 x 3-inch - wartime-vs-interwar fit, not resolved. No asbestos or insulation-material content - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-03
-
[4]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive, USS Genesee (AT-55) page (Wayback capture 2024-11-30; live fetch failed 2026-09-26) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource AT-55 page, chronological data block + specifications table + commanding officers table
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource ship page: purchased from Philadelphia & Reading Railway Co. 27 July 1917; in service 25 September 1917; commissioned Fleet Tug No. 55 on 10 November 1917 (LCDR Charles H. T. B. Tisell USNRF); designated AT-55 17 July 1920; Philippine Islands operation campaign 8 December 1941-5 May 1942; scuttled at Corregidor 5 May 1942; struck from the Naval Register 24 July 1942; one battle star; salvaged by Japanese forces, placed in service as Patrol Vessel 107 on 20 April 1944; sunk by U.S. air attack 5 November 1944 off Corregidor. Specs: displacement 688 t, complement 56, one 3-inch/50 gun mount, propulsion 'unknown.' Commanding-officer roster lists BOSN Eugene Lorell Boyd USN, 18 August 1940 - 5 May 1942. Photo references NH 53873 (Queenstown 1918) and NH 102416 (Far East, ca. 1922-25) attributed to NHHC collections.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1905-1944
- Population
- Navy crew (complement listed 56 - unverified)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer-compiled archival site quoting official records - secondary, not a government source. Complement (56) and some roster details are unattributed there; complement carried here as unverified (see gaps). The stricken date (24 Jul 1942) and campaign dates are consistent with standard Naval Register practice and are adopted. No asbestos information - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-04
-
[5]Hackett, Kingsepp & Cundall, 'IJN Patrol Boat No. 107: Tabular Record of Movement' (Revision 2), combinedfleet.com - compilation citing Japanese primary records (Senshi Sosho / JACAR-era source material) [other_primary]
- Locator
- combinedfleet.com PB-107 TROM, full chronology
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Post-scuttling record: hull completed as civilian tug Monocacy 10 September 1905 at Maryland Steel Co., Sparrow's Point. Scuttled at Corregidor 5 May 1942 (CO Chief Boatswain Eugene L. Boyd). Raised by the IJN No. 103 Repair Facility at Cavite (1943-44); registered in the IJN as PB-107 on 20 April 1944, Sasebo Naval District. Refit 1944: Type 1 Mod. 11 hydrophone, Type 93 Mod. 2 sonar, two Type 96 25-mm twin AA mounts, Type 94 depth-charge thrower, depth-charge rails, 3-inch/40 HA gun, 45-cm searchlight; boiler Nos. 1 and 2 developed leaks on engine trials (Aug 1944), water tubes replaced Sep 1944. Accepted by IJN 28 October 1944, Third Southern Expeditionary Fleet. Attacked 5 November 1944 by sixteen F6F Hellcats of TF 38 - dead in the water, assisted by submarine chaser CH-53, retired to Ambil Island. Attacked again 6 November 1944 by six SB2C Helldivers; bomb hits to bridge and engine room; sank at 14-23N, 120-25E. Lt. Yamada Tsunezo and 34 crew killed, 51 wounded. Removed from the Japanese Navy List 10 January 1945.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1905-1945 (Japanese service Apr-Nov 1944)
- Population
- IJN crew (34 KIA, 51 wounded at loss); IJN No. 103 Repair Facility workers at Cavite (salvage/refit 1943-44)
- Limitations
- Standard scholarly secondary compilation for IJN ship movements, built from Japanese primary records - used because no official English-language source documents the Japanese career in comparable detail. NOTABLE DISCREPANCY: TROM dates the sinking 6 November 1944 (after surviving the 5 November attack), while the U.S. Navy chronology (ev-06) dates it 5 November; both dates are carried, unresolved. Refit-era material content (e.g., insulation in re-tubed boilers) is not specified - supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-05
-
[6]U.S. Navy chronology of WWII Pacific events as printed in the Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack hearings record (ibiblio.org mirror), November 1944 entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- chr44-11.html, '11/05 Sun.' entry, Japanese naval vessels sunk list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official U.S. Navy war chronology lists under 5 November 1944: 'Patrol boat NO. 107, by carrier-based aircraft, Manila Bay, P.I.' - the day TF 38 (Vice Adm. J. S. McCain) began a two-day strike on Luzon/Manila Bay shipping; the same entry records heavy cruiser Nachi sunk by carrier aircraft in Manila Bay.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1944-11-05
- Limitations
- Official U.S. record of the loss claim; conflicts with the Japanese-record tabular record (ev-05), which documents PB-107 surviving the 5 November attack and sinking on 6 November at 14-23N 120-25E - the U.S. chronology may reflect the date of the fatal attack report rather than the sinking. Discrepancy unresolved. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-06
-
[7]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed scholarship documents that asbestos was used extensively as insulation and fireproofing in U.S. shipbuilding and ship repair during the World War II era. This vessel - a 1905 steam tug - remained in Navy service through May 1942, squarely within the era when asbestos boiler lagging, pipe covering, gaskets, and packing were standard materials; a Japanese refit in August-November 1944 (boiler retubing documented by the TROM) likewise falls within that era.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII-era shipyard workers and ship crews (class context); Cavite yard workers 1943-44 (IJN refit)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level documentation only: the article does not name this vessel, does not address 1905-era construction materials, and does not establish that asbestos was fitted at build, installed in any of the vessel's 1917-1942 maintenance periods, or present during the 1944 Japanese refit. Asbestos presence aboard this hull is era inference, not ship-proven. Does not establish quantity, location, condition, individual exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-07
-
[8]CourtListener API v4 searches, 2026-09-26 (authenticated via fleet helper cl-auth-search.py) [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-genesee-at55-07 through sl-uss-genesee-at55-10
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- No qualifying asbestos litigation naming USS Genesee (AT-55) located. Searches run: opinion search '"USS Genesee"' (0 results); docket search '"USS Genesee"' (2 results - the MDL-875 JPML caption IN RE: Asbestos Products Liability Litigation (No. VI) and an unrelated medical-billing case; neither names this hull); '"Genesee" "AT-55"' (147 results, all name collisions - Genesee County entities, Flint water litigation, Lambert v. Ackerley etc.); '"Genesee" ship asbestos' (11 results - the only asbestos hit, In re Asbestos Litigation, 986 F. Supp. 761 (S.D.N.Y. 1997), cites Lambert v. Genesee Hospital, 10 F.3d 46 - a Rochester NY hospital case, a name collision not the vessel); '"Genesee" vessel mesothelioma' (1 result - same opinion, same collision); '"Genesee" AOG' (0 results); '"Patrol Boat No. 107"' (0 results).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- CourtListener opinion/docket indexes do not cover all federal trial-court pleadings or state-court complaints; absence here does not prove no filing ever named the vessel. Name-collision risk is high ('Genesee' County MI/NY entities; USS Genesee AOG-8 is a different hull) - all hits reviewed to disposition and classified as collisions. No asbestos case name-checks this hull in the searched indexes.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-08
-
[9]Batch-2802 search ledger (this record): DANFS/NHHC; Ships' Data Books 1924 & 1938 (shipscribe scans); NavSource; combinedfleet TROM PB-107; PHA-hearings Navy chronology; asiaticfleet.com ORBAT; corregidor.org loss table; CourtListener name/hull sweeps; shipyards.json cross-check; NARA catalog attempt [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-genesee-at55-01 through sl-uss-genesee-at55-14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no construction material schedule, insulation specification, survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or museum/regulatory document naming the Genesee AT-55 hull was found in the public sources searched. The hull was scuttled in 1942, salvaged and re-sunk under the Japanese flag in 1944, and no post-loss wreck survey was located; there is no preserved hull to survey.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 2026-09-26
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the vessel's steam plant and 37-year service life are era-consistent with asbestos insulation, and no negative documentary evidence exists either. Does not establish that asbestos is or is not present in the wreck; does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-09
-
[10]Archival leads per NavSource photo credits (NHHC photo numbers) and standard NARA record groups for WWII Asiatic Fleet units [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource page photo table; catalog.archives.gov API attempted 2026-09-26 (no usable response)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Unretrieved primary records that could hold ship-specific material/equipment data: NHHC photograph files NH 53873 (Genesee at Queenstown, Ireland, 1918, photographed by Zimmer) and NH 102416 (Far Eastern waters, ca. 1922-25, ex-LCDR Waldo B. McLeod collection), referenced via the NavSource page; NARA RG 24 deck logs and RG 38 16th Naval District / Inshore Patrol records for the 1941-42 period (deck-log coverage for this hull and any war-diary mention not confirmed in digitized holdings - NARA catalog API did not return results to automated query on 2026-09-26).
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1917-1942 (records); 2026-09-26 (search)
- Limitations
- Lead only - no document was retrieved; existence, coverage, and content of hull-specific records are unconfirmed. A war diary, deck log, or photo caption, if located, would describe operations and damage, not insulation materials; a materials answer most likely requires construction/repair records not located in digitized form.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-10
-
[11]asiaticfleet.com, 'United States Asiatic Fleet - Order of Battle' (volunteer-compiled from source documents); corroborated by corregidor.org USN losses table [other_primary]
- Locator
- asiaticfleet.com/orbat.htm (Inshore Patrol / Cavite Navy Yard sections); corregidor.org/USN/htm/usn_losses.html
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Order-of-battle research lists USS Genesee (AT-55) under Cavite Navy Yard / Inshore Patrol, 16th Naval District, commanded by Chief Boatswain Eugene Lorell Boyd at the outbreak of war (8 December 1941), alongside tugs Napa (AT-32) and Vaga (YT-116) and gunboats Mindanao, Oahu, and Luzon; the Base Section of the Inshore Patrol was formed 13 December 1941. corregidor.org's USN-losses table lists USS Genesee (AT-55) scuttled off Corregidor 5 May 1942 alongside Finch, Vaga, Pigeon, Quail, and Tanager losses of April-May 1942.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-26
- Study period
- 1941-12-08 to 1942-05-05
- Population
- Inshore Patrol crews, 16th Naval District, Dec 1941 - May 1942
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled history sites quoting source documents - corroborating context, not official records themselves; consistent with DANFS (Cavite duty, Corregidor scuttling) and NavSource (Boyd as last CO). Inshore Patrol organizational detail is drawn from these compilations and is not independently verified against the underlying war diaries. No asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-genesee-at55-11