Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]DANFS, 'Grackle II (YMS-312)' - NHHC ship-history entry (live page returned 404 on 2026-09-23; verbatim text via Wayback capture 2024-05-26) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS 'Grackle II (YMS-312)' entry, specifications block + full service narrative
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity and service: the second Grackle - launched 9 November 1943 by Henry B. Nevins, Inc., City Island, N.Y., sponsored by Mrs. W. G. Kroepke, and commissioned as YMS-312 on 6 December 1943, Lt. (j.g.) Ray G. Huling in command; spec block dp. 270, l. 136', b. 24'6", dr. 10', s. 14 k., cpl. 32, a. 1 40mm., cl. YMS-136. Key West arrival 4 February 1944 after shakedown; sound training, then Curacao 17 February; escort, minesweeping and patrol duties in Caribbean waters until underway 1 September 1945 for San Pedro and Hawaii; Pacific duty terminated 9 April 1946; Panama Canal transit for overhaul at Charleston, S.C.; Norfolk arrival 15 May 1946 and Chesapeake Bay operations until November 1947, when the base shifted to Charleston; service to Naval Schools Mine Warfare (Yorktown VA) and U.S. Naval Mine Countermeasures Station (Panama City FL); minesweeping off Massachusetts near Martha's Vineyard until 27 June 1951, then school-ship duty at Yorktown; Caribbean Mine Force fleet maneuvers March 1952 (Puerto Rico, Cuba, Virgin Islands); subsequent years alternating school-ship, amphibious exercises off North Carolina, and mine countermeasures along the eastern seaboard. Named Grackle and redesignated AMS-13 18 February 1947; redesignated coastal minesweeper MSC(O)-13 February 1955; placed in service in reserve 16 September 1957; stricken from the Navy List 1 March 1963; after conversion to coastal minehunter, transferred to Brazil 19 April 1963 under the Military Assistance Program as Jurvena (M-14).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1943-1963 (U.S. service)
- Population
- Crew (design complement 32); construction trades at Henry B. Nevins yard (1943); later school-ship and yard populations
- Limitations
- Authoritative identity/history source; contains no asbestos, materials, or hazmat information whatsoever. Live NHHC page unavailable (404) - cited via Wayback capture of the official page. DANFS omits the laid-down and completed dates (NavSource/yield tables supply 1943-06-07 and 1943-12-04) and does not print the 11 October 1957 decommissioning date/place (NavSource supplies Philadelphia).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-01
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[2]NavSource Online, Mine Warfare Vessel Photo Archive - Grackle (MSC(O) 13) ex-AMS-13 ex-YMS-312 (contributed archive; milestone chronology, specifications, propulsion, commanding-officer roster, NHHC photo NH 89227) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 11/19312 page - chronology and specifications blocks; 'Fate unknown' note
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Milestones corroborating and supplementing DANFS: laid down 7 June 1943 by Henry B. Nevins Inc., City Island NY; launched 9 November 1943; completed 4 December 1943; commissioned USS YMS-312 6 December 1943; detached from the Caribbean Sea Frontier 10 November 1944; named Grackle and reclassified Motor Minesweeper AMS-13 18 February 1947; reclassified Coastal Minesweeper (Old) MSC(O)-13 7 February 1955; placed in service, in reserve 16 September 1957; decommissioned 11 October 1957 at Philadelphia, PA; struck from the Naval Register 1 March 1963; transferred to the Government of Brazil 19 April 1963 under the Military Assistance Program and renamed Jurvena (M 14); fate unknown. Propulsion: two 880 bhp General Motors 8-268A diesel engines, Snow and Knobstedt single reduction gear, two shafts; armament one 3"/50 DP mount, two 20mm mounts, one depth-charge projector; call sign NPPF. CO roster includes LTJG Ray G. Huling (6 Dec 1943) through LTJG Gordan Van Hook (Dec 1954 - Aug 1957).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1943-1963
- Population
- Crew; Philadelphia decommissioning/reserve workforce (1957-1963, undocumented)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled archive used for corroboration and fit/milestone detail, not as an asbestos source. Several conflicts with DANFS unresolved (complement 50 vs 32; Caribbean detachment 10 November 1944 vs DANFS's 1 September 1945 departure; draft 8' vs 10'; armament 3"/50 + 20mm vs 1 x 40mm - likely the MSC(O) fit). Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-02
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[3]U.S. Dept. of the Navy / DOE, Final EIS/OEIS for Disposal of Decommissioned, Defueled Ex-Enterprise (CVN 65), DOE/EIS-0524 (June 2023), Section 3.2.2.1.1 ('asbestos-containing material is found throughout Navy ships in insulating materials on piping systems, in electrical cables, and on ship structures'); GAO HRD-80-2 (1979) (Navy statement that all ships contained some asbestos in components such as clutches and electric cables; thermal insulation the major shipboard use); Corn & Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' Am J Ind Med 11(3):359-373 (1987), doi:10.1002/ajim.4700110311; class designation per DANFS spec block 'cl. YMS-136' and NavSource propulsion entry (two GM 8-268A diesels, twin screw) [other_primary]
- Locator
- EIS-0524 Section 3.2.2.1.1; GAO HRD-80-2 highlights/letter; AJIM 11(3):359-373; DANFS spec block 'cl. YMS-136'; NavSource propulsion entry
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/class context: Navy statements establish asbestos as era-generic aboard Navy ships (piping insulation, electrical cables, ship structures; clutches), and Corn & Starr document extensive asbestos use as fireproofing and insulation in WWII-era U.S. shipbuilding - covering this 1943 Navy build generically. This hull was a YMS-1-class wooden-hulled motor minesweeper with a diesel plant (two GM 8-268A diesels, twin screw - no boilers, no steam system), so the era-typical asbestos footprint is materially smaller than a steam combatant's: principally engine exhaust lagging, valve/flange gaskets, pump and shaft packing, electrical cable insulation, deck coverings, and winch/windlass brake linings.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1943-1963 (service); 1979/1987/2023 (documentation)
- Population
- Construction trades (City Island, 1943) and crews 1943-1957 (class context)
- Limitations
- Generic Navy-wide era statements plus class-design inference only - prioritizes research; it is NOT a ship-specific finding. No material list, survey, or hull record for this vessel exists in located sources. Does not establish presence, quantity, condition, individual exposure, or causation aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-03
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[4]DANFS, Grackle II Charleston narrative + Atlas shipyard dataset, Charleston Naval Shipyard record (tier 2: pipe insulation 5-50% asbestos, boiler coatings, spray-on insulation, gaskets, packing, brake linings, electrical insulation; OSHA inspection 100361849 asbestos citation; Whalen v. John Crane and Twidwell v. Aerco verdicts) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS narrative (Charleston overhaul; base shift November 1947; operations to 1957); shipyards.json 'charleston-naval-shipyard' record
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS documents this hull transiting the Panama Canal for overhaul at Charleston, S.C. (April-May 1946) and shifting its base to Charleston in November 1947, operating from that base - sweeping off Martha's Vineyard, school-ship support at Yorktown and Panama City, Mine Force maneuvers - until the 1957 inactivation. Charleston is co-located with Charleston Naval Shipyard, whose Atlas record documents era asbestos products (5-50% asbestos pipe insulation, 15%-asbestos boiler coatings, spray-on insulation, asbestos gaskets and packing, brake linings, electrical insulation), a 1988 OSHA asbestos-standard citation, and two large Navy-era verdicts (Whalen 2014; Twidwell 2018). A documented 1946 overhaul at Charleston plus roughly a decade homeported there makes yard availabilities likely, but no specific yard period, repair, or abatement record for this hull was located and DANFS does not name the facility.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1946-1957
- Population
- Crew (~32-50) and any Charleston yard workers who may have serviced the hull 1946-1957 - unverified
- Limitations
- The Charleston overhaul and homeporting are ship-specific (DANFS); the asbestos dimension is entirely contextual - no document ties a Charleston yard availability, asbestos product, or exposure to this hull, and DANFS does not specify whether the 1946 work was done at the Naval Shipyard or a commercial yard. Whalen and Twidwell are yard-level litigation involving other vessels/periods. This row exists to cross-link the documented Charleston presence with a documented asbestos yard; it supports no shipboard finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-04
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[5]DANFS, Grackle II inactivation narrative + NavSource decommissioning milestone + Atlas shipyard dataset, Philadelphia Naval Shipyard record (tier 3: named ACM products incl. Unibestos, Kaylo, Garlock, Johns-Manville; Merwitz 2014 verdict; OSHA inspection 17999079 with 90% bulk asbestos sample) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS narrative (in service in reserve 16 September 1957; conversion and transfer 19 April 1963); NavSource milestones (decommissioned 11 October 1957 at Philadelphia); shipyards.json 'philadelphia-naval-shipyard' record
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS and NavSource document this hull placed in service in reserve 16 September 1957, decommissioned at Philadelphia 11 October 1957, stricken 1 March 1963, and - per DANFS - converted to a coastal minehunter before transfer to Brazil 19 April 1963: roughly five and a half years lying at Philadelphia, home of Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, the Atlas dataset's most heavily documented asbestos yard (named products incl. Eagle-Picher Super 60, Thermasil, Unibestos, Cary block, Kaylo, Garlock gaskets/packing, Johns-Manville pipe insulation; Merwitz 2014 shipfitter verdict; 1989 OSHA asbestos citation with a 90% bulk-sample result). Decommissioning, mothballing, and the documented minehunter conversion make yard work on the hull during 1957-1963 likely, but no specific work order, availability, or abatement record for this hull was located.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1957-1963
- Population
- Decommissioning/mothballing/conversion crews at Philadelphia, 1957-1963 - unverified
- Limitations
- The Philadelphia presence is ship-specific (DANFS/NavSource); the asbestos dimension is entirely contextual - no document ties a Philadelphia availability, preservation or conversion work, asbestos product, or exposure to this hull, and the conversion site itself is undocumented (Philadelphia is inference from the documented decommissioning location). Merwitz's exposure window (1965-1970) postdates the hull's presence. This row exists to cross-link a documented location with a documented asbestos yard; it supports no shipboard finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-05
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[6]Navios de Guerra Brasileiros (NGB, naval.com.br), 'NV Juruena - M 14' and 'USS Grackle - MSC(O) 13' pages - Brazilian Navy heritage compilation citing Mendonca & Vasconcelos, Repositorio de Nomes dos Navios da Esquadra Brasileira (SDGM, 1959) and NavSource [other_primary]
- Locator
- naval.com.br NGB J053 and J053-MSCO-13 pages - Datas, Historico, and commandante-table sections
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Brazilian service and disposal of this hull: incorporated into the Marinha do Brasil at Rio de Janeiro 19 April 1963 as Navio Varredor Juruena (M-14), fourth Brazilian ship of the name; assigned to the 1a Divisao de Navios Varredores of the Forca de Minagem e Varredura; training and minehunting operations out of Rio, Ilha Grande, and (from 7 March 1971) Base Naval de Aratu, Salvador; reclassified Navio Auxiliar by ministerial act 26 July 1974 and given baixa (decommissioned) 8 August 1974. NGB reports - unverified - that a yacht named Juruena known in Rio is suspected to be the ex-ship, privately purchased and converted, ending abandoned at a Niteroi yard.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1963-1974 (Brazilian service); unverified post-1974
- Population
- Brazilian Navy crews (33 per NGB: 4 officers, 29 enlisted), 1963-1974
- Limitations
- Heritage compilation (citing official SDGM records), not an official Brazilian Navy publication - carried as partial verification. Confirms the Brazilian name as 'Juruena' where DANFS/NavSource print 'Jurvena'; NGB page header once prints 'M 12' against the M 14 title - internal inconsistency. Contains no asbestos information; the 1974 baixa and possible civilian conversion mean any remaining era materials would have been handled outside U.S. jurisdiction.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-06
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[7]Batch-1685 search ledger (this record): CourtListener API v4 opinion and docket searches by name and every hull designation; NavSource; DANFS via Wayback; NGB; shipbuildinghistory yard tables; VA BVA index; MARAD ShipHistory; NARA deck-log series; NVR [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-grackle-ams13-01 through sl-uss-grackle-ams13-14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no litigation naming YMS-312 / AMS-13 / MSC(O)-13 / USS Grackle (this hull) surfaced in CourtListener opinion and RECAP docket searches, and no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or preservation-era record for this hull was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 2026-09-23
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard; the hull left U.S. custody in 1963 and its deck logs and yard work orders are undigitized. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility. Same-name collision risk: Grackle AM-73 (ex-trawler Notre Dame, 1941-44 - the hull named on mesothelioma marketing sites) and Grackle AM-396 (contract terminated 1945, never built) are different hulls.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-07
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[8]Archival leads (not yet retrieved): NARA series 'Logbooks of U.S. Navy Ships and Stations' (National Archives Identifier 594258; RG 24) deck logs for YMS-312 / AMS-13 / MSC(O)-13 (1943-1957); Bureau of Ships RG 19 design/construction files for the YMS-1 type and the Henry B. Nevins contract; Philadelphia Group, Atlantic Reserve Fleet mothballing/preservation records and the coastal-minehunter conversion file (1957-1963); the Military Assistance Program transfer file (1963); Brazilian Navy disposal file for Juruena M-14 (1974) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA deck-log series 594258; NARA RG 19 (Bureau of Ships) / RG 24 (deck logs) / RG 181 (reserve fleet) record classes; Brazilian Navy archival references
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads where a hull-level material record would live: the ship's deck logs (NARA series 594258, covering the full commissioned service 1943-1957); Bureau of Ships design and contract files (RG 19) for the YMS-1 type and the Nevins build; Philadelphia Group mothballing/preservation records for the 1957-1963 lay-up, including the documented conversion to coastal minehunter; the 1963 MAP transfer file; and the Brazilian Navy's disposal record for Juruena (baixa 8 August 1974). The 1946 Charleston overhaul and the 1957-1963 Philadelphia lay-up/conversion are the Navy-period events most likely to have generated a material-level record.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-23
- Study period
- 1943-1974 records
- Limitations
- Leads only - existence of these record classes is standard NARA/agency practice for the period, but no AMS-13-specific document was located, retrieved, or verified; the NARA catalog API requires a key not held in this session, and a site-scoped search of catalog.archives.gov surfaced no digitized log for this hull. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-grackle-ams13-08