USS Grundy (APA-111)

Evidence

15 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-15).

1. [1]research packet f-packet.md (4 sources cited) [other_primary]

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED — real identity: USS Grundy; hull: APA-111; designation: attack transport; class/type: Windsor-class, C3-S-A3 [MIRROR] — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Grundy

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Evidence ID

   uss-grundy-apa111-pkt-f-packet-md

2. [2]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 3 (NAVSHIPS 250-012, 1945), auxiliaries - transports, attack (APA) tables, per-hull row 114 for GRUNDY APA-111 (shipscribe.com scan of the official BuShips publication) [other_primary]

   Locator

   SDB1945v3 APA tables printed pp. 246-251 (PDF pp. 265-270): dimensions row (p.246), personnel/limiting row (p.247), machinery row (p.248), armament/cargo row (p.250), construction row (p.251); alphabetical index lists 'Grundy (ex-M.C. Hull 873) APA111'

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   Official BuShips Ships' Data 1945 Vol. 3 carries a per-hull row for GRUNDY APA-111 (ex-M.C. Hull 873): 492'0" overall / 465'0" waterline; extreme beam 69'6"; trial speed 18.4 knots at trial displacement 11,760 tons; limiting displacement 16,100 tons; tons per inch immersion 58; limiting draft 26'6"; accommodations 41 officers + 437 enlisted, troop capacity 91 officers + 1,470 enlisted; largest boom 30 t; machinery 1 G.E. turbine, 8,500 shp, 1 propeller, 2 F.W. 'D' boilers at 465 psi / 765F; armament 1 x 5"/38 cal (D.P.) + 4 twin 40mm A.A.; cargo 180,500 cu ft non-refrigerated, 7,900 t total deadweight / 4,500 t cargo DWT; built by Ingalls S.B. Corp., Pascagoula, Miss.; date acquired printed '31 Dec 45' (typo - resolved to 31 Dec 1944 per ev-06); year built 1944; date of first commission 3 Jan 45.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1945

   Limitations

   Authoritative wartime BuShips publication naming this hull - confirms identity, machinery plant, manning, builder, and key dates. Contains no materials, insulation, or asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim. Construction-row 'date acquired' prints '31 Dec 45', internally inconsistent with the same row's '3 Jan 45' first commission - resolved in ev-06.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-01

3. [3]DANFS, 'Grundy (APA-111)' entry, Naval History and Heritage Command (live NHHC URL returns 404 - verbatim text retrieved via Internet Archive Wayback capture 20150908192913) [nhhc_danfs]

   Locator

   DANFS entry body text + spec block (Wayback capture 20150908192913)

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   NHHC records: named for Grundy Counties in Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Tennessee, and Virginia. Launched under Maritime Commission contract 16 Jun 1944 by Ingalls Shipbuilding Co., Pascagoula, Miss.; sponsored by Mrs. Lena Moore Gnatt; commissioned 3 Jan 1945, Captain J. M. Cabanillas in command. Loaded supplies at New Orleans; shakedown out of Galveston, Tex., until 28 Jan 1945; departed 4 Feb as school ship for pre-commissioning crews at Newport, R.I. (arrived 10 Feb; underway drills for crews of nearly finished ships; completed 31 Mar); Norfolk 1 Apr, embarked Seabees, departed 14 Apr via Panama Canal to Pearl Harbor (arrived 2 May 1945); amphibious exercises and cargo loading; departed 7 Jun via Eniwetok, Guam, Saipan; Ulithi 1 Jul; convoy to Okinawa 10 Jul, arrived 14 Jul, unloaded troops and cargo; then Ulithi/Peleliu troop lift to Guam (DANFS 'arrived 31 June' is a calendar-impossible typo - read 31 Jul); remained until 2 Aug; Pearl Harbor 10 Aug; war ended en route to San Diego (arrived 19 Aug). Replacement units from Seattle 1 Sep 1945; via Eniwetok to Leyte 19 Sep; departed 26 Sep with occupation troops for Yokohama (arrived ~30 Sep); embarked veterans and sailed for San Francisco 8 Oct (arrived 19 Oct). Magic Carpet: sailed 26 Oct for Okinawa (arrived 12 Nov); then Shanghai, China with occupation troops (arrived 17 Nov, sailed 23 Nov); embarked soldiers at Jinsen, Korea (sailed 5 Dec); arrived Portland, Oreg., Christmas Day 1945. Returned via San Francisco and Panama Canal to Norfolk (arrived 8 Mar 1946); decommissioned 8 May; returned to the Maritime Commission 13 May; subsequently acquired by Moore-McCormack Lines and renamed Mormacsurf; part of a six-ship west coast fleet sold to Grace Lines in 1966, serving 'at present' as Santa Anita. Spec block: 'APA-111: dp. 8393 light; l. 592'; b. 69'6"; dr. 26'6"; s. 18; cpl. 585; a. 2 5"; cl. Windsor; T. C3-S-A3' - multiple spec-block errors (class, type, length, armament, complement) resolved in ev-06.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1944-1966

   Limitations

   Primary Navy historical entry - authoritative for service history and dates. Contains no asbestos or materials information; supports no asbestos claim. Live NHHC page 404s (standing link rot, cf. BATCH-01); the Wayback capture is the verbatim NHHC text. Spec-block errors (incl. 'cl. Windsor; T. C3-S-A3' and 'l. 592'') are corrected against SDB/MARAD/shipscribe in ev-06; '31 June' is a DANFS typo.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-02

4. [4]NavSource Online: Amphibious Photo Archive - USS Grundy (APA-111), file 10/03/03111 [other_primary]

   Locator

   NavSource 03111.htm - specifications block, awards/occupation-service table, commanding-officer table, merchant-service and disposal entries, photo captions

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   NavSource page corroborates and adds detail: call sign NZVK; 'Windsor Class Attack Transport' header with MC type C3-S-A3 (follows the DANFS spec block - corrected to Bayfield class / C3-S-A2 in ev-06); laid down date unknown; launched 16 Jun 1944; commissioned 3 Jan 1945 CAPT Jose M. Cabanillas USN. WWII assignment TransRon Thirty-Three (COMO A.S. Witherspoon), TransDiv Sixty-Seven. Awards listed: China Service Medal (extended, 15-25 Nov 1945), American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal, Navy Occupation Service Medal with Asia clasp (periods 12 Sep-8 Oct, 12-14 Nov, 26 Nov-6 Dec 1945) - no battle star listed. Decommissioned Norfolk 8 May 1946; returned to WSA 13 May 1946 for NDRF James River Group, Lee Hall, VA; 'Struck from the Naval Register, date unknown' (shipscribe supplies 21 May 1946). Merchant chain: withdrawn 6 May 1947 Moore-McCormack Lines for handling; delivered to Federal Shipbuilding, Kearny, N.J. for reconversion; sold by the Maritime Commission 27 May 1948 to Moore-McCormack, renamed SS Mormacsurf; resold to Grace Lines Aug 1966, renamed SS Santa Anita; sold for scrapping 9 Mar 1973 to Tai Kien Industry Co. Ltd., Taiwan. CO table: Cabanillas 3 Jan 45-22 Oct 45; CAPT LeMerton E. Crist Jr. USNR 22 Oct 45-21 Mar 46; CAPT Thomas H. Ochiltree USNR 21 Mar-8 May 46. Photo documented at Shanghai 17-23 Nov 1945 (consistent with DANFS). Spec block: 8,100 lt / 16,100 fl; 492'6" x 69'6" x 26'6"; 18.4 kt trial; complement 41 + 437; troops 91 + 1,470; boom 30 t; cargo 4,500 DWT / 180,500 cu ft non-refrig; boats 12 LCVP + 4 LCM(Mk-6) + 3 LCP(L)(Mk-IV); 1 x 5"/38 DP + 4 twin 40mm + 18 single 20mm; fuel NSFO 8,510 bbls + diesel 750 bbls; 1 GE geared turbine, 2 Foster-Wheeler 'D'-type boilers 465 psi/765F, double GE reduction gears, 4 x 250kW turbo-drive generators, 8,500 shp, 1 propeller.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1944-1973

   Limitations

   Specialist secondary compilation - detailed but non-official; consistent with SDB and MARAD card on all overlapping data points. Its own spec block (GE turbine + Foster-Wheeler boilers; 492' x 69'6") contradicts its 'Windsor class / C3-S-A3' header - the header follows the erroneous DANFS spec block (ev-06). Strike date 'unknown' superseded by shipscribe 21 May 1946. Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-03

5. [5]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database - GRUNDY (APA-111), Ship History Detail 2027, including digitized vessel status cards (cards/2027_3773AF.jpg, 2027_3773AB.jpg, 2UJ_01.png, 2UJ_02.png) [marad_nrc]

   Locator

   ShipHistory Detail 2027 registry block + Status Cards tab (2027_3773AF.jpg reserve-fleet card front; 2027_3773AB.jpg card reverse berthing/conversion notes; 2UJ_01.png status card front; 2UJ_02.png continuation - card text read from scanned images)

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   MARAD ShipHistory registry for this hull: Year Built 1944; Official Number 252748; Shipyard 'Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation'; MARAD Type C3-S-A2 (vs DANFS/NavSource 'C3-S-A3' - resolved in ev-06); length 492.00 ft; beam 69.5 ft; light displacement 8,393 t; fate 'Sold - Scrap'. Digitized status cards document the full custody chain: 'Basis to U.S.M.C. 12-31-44 @ Pascagoula, Miss. from Builders (WSA Custody)' with hull completed 12-31-44 and allocation to Navy Department the same day (LB/BB, Pascagoula); Reserve Fleet entry at Lee Hall, Va. 5-13-46 5:15pm EDT (fleet unit JR 6; card reverse notes berthing 'channel side head down alongside PAUL TULANE betw. SEA WITCH + SHELBY (1-19-47)' and 'Bids for conversion to be opened Oct. 2, 1946' with 'Contract for reconversion awarded to Federal S/B + D/D'); allocated to Moore McCormack Lines 'for handling' under GAA at Lee Hall 5-6-47 6am EST and withdrawn from fleet same time 'delivered to Div. of Operations' (ship's papers previously removed to GAA custodian Moore-McCormack Lines; termination port of last voyage New York); delivered to Federal Shipyard, Kearny N.J. for reconversion (RECONV.) 5-13-47 5pm EDT; purchase (PUR) at Balto., Md. 5-27-48 10:15 AM to Moore-McCormack Lines; name changed to 'MORMACSURF'; 'Sold to Grace Line Inc. 8-66' with 'Renamed "SANTA ANITA" 11-30-66' (the card also carries a struck-through 'Renamed "SANTA ALICIA" 8-66' - Santa Alicia was the Grace Line rename of sister APA-110 Griggs, an apparent card-keeper correction); 'Company renamed - Prudential-Grace Lines, Inc. - 12/18/69'; 'Tai Kien Industry Co.,Ltd. for scrapping in Taiwan' delivered 3-9-73.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1944-1973

   Limitations

   Authoritative MARAD registry plus digitized original status cards - the strongest source for custody chain and merchant disposition. Contains no asbestos or materials information; supports no asbestos claim. Card handwriting partially legible in places (e.g., a second berthing note); MARAD 'Type C3-S-A2' conflicts with the DANFS spec block - resolved in ev-06.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-04

6. [6]shipscribe.com U.S. Navy Auxiliary Ships - BAYFIELD (APA-33) class, Part 1 (basic APA type), class data, construction/disposition tables, class notes, and per-ship notes (Stephen S. Roberts compilation) [other_primary]

   Locator

   APA34.html construction table row APA-111, disposition table row APA-111, class notes (APA 106-116 program paragraphs), ship notes table APA-111/MC#873

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   shipscribe class-page row for APA-111 GRUNDY (MC# 873): builder Ingalls SB, Pascagoula; keel 22 Dec 43; launch 16 Jun 44; acquired 31 Dec 44; commissioned 3 Jan 45; decommissioned 8 May 46; 'Strike 21 May 46'; disposal 13 May 46 (MC/D); MA sale 27 May 48. Ship note: 'Merc. MORMACSURF 1948. Scrapped 1973 as SANTA ANITA.' Class notes: APA 106-116 were the 11 C3 hulls allocated under the 9 Nov 43 JCS request / 6 Dec 43 MC confirmation (four Western Pipe APA 106-109 + seven Ingalls APA 110-116); all were completed as APAs by their builders under the MC Military Program, though APA 112-114 were sent to Waterman SS Corp., Mobile, Ala. for completion (Grundy was completed by Ingalls at Pascagoula). Class design data (C3-S-A2): 492.0' oa / 465.0' pp x 69.5' e x 26.5' lim; 7,845 lt / 16,100 lim; GE turbine 8,500 HP; 18.4 kts; complement 520 (1944); class-level later armament for APA 106-116 listed '2-5"/38 2-40mmT 18-20mm' (authorized/class figure vs this hull's SDB per-hull 1-5"/38 + 4 twin 40mm - ev-06).

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1943-1973

   Limitations

   Specialist secondary compilation (Roberts) consistent with DANFS, SDB, and the MARAD card on all overlapping data points. Sole located source for the keel-laying date (22 Dec 1943) and the 21 May 1946 strike date. Contains no asbestos or materials information; supports no asbestos claim.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-05

7. [7]Source reconciliation - NHHC DANFS + BuShips SDB 1945 v3 + MARAD ShipHistory/status cards + shipscribe vs NavSource and templated secondary data [other_primary]

   Locator

   DANFS body/spec block; SDB1945v3 APA tables printed pp. 246-251; MARAD Detail 2027 registry + card images; NavSource 03111.htm header/spec/disposal blocks; shipscribe APA34.html (Bayfield Part 1) and APA55.html (Windsor class) construction tables; navalcovermuseum.org wiki entry

   Finding type

   historical_record

   Finding

   Source discrepancies resolved in favor of official/primary sources: (a) Class/design - DANFS spec block 'cl. Windsor; T. C3-S-A3', NavSource page header, and Wikipedia infobox 'Windsor class / C3-S-A3' vs shipscribe class tables placing APA-111 in BAYFIELD (APA-33) class Part 1, MC design C3-S-A2, plus MARAD registry and status-card type 'C3-S-A2'; the true Windsor class (APA 55-56, 91, 97-98, 103, 105 per shipscribe APA55.html) was Bethlehem Sparrows Point-built C3-S-A3 hulls of 473.1' x 66.0' with Bethlehem turbines, while this hull measures 492' x 69'6" with the GE turbine / Foster-Wheeler 465psi-765F plant - the C3-S-A2 signature that NavSource's own spec block also records. Adopted: Bayfield class (C3-S-A2). (b) Acquisition date - SDB construction row prints '31 Dec 45' vs MARAD card 'Basis to U.S.M.C. 12-31-44 @ Pascagoula' + shipscribe 'Acq. 31 Dec 44' and the same SDB row's '3 Jan 45' first commission; adopted 31 Dec 1944 (printed '45' is an SDB typo). (c) Length - DANFS spec 'l. 592'' vs SDB 492'0" oa, NavSource 492'6", MARAD 492.00; adopted ~492'. (d) Armament - DANFS spec 'a. 2 5"' and shipscribe class-level '2-5"/38 2-40mmT' for the APA 106-116 group vs SDB per-hull row '1-5"/38 (D.P.), 4 twin 40mm' and NavSource 'one single 5"/38, four twin 40mm, eighteen single 20mm'; adopted the SDB/NavSource per-hull fit, class-table figure noted. (e) Complement - DANFS 'cpl. 585' and Wikipedia '42 + 434' vs SDB 41 officers + 437 enlisted = 478 and NavSource 41 + 437; adopted SDB. (f) Strike date - NavSource 'date unknown' vs shipscribe disposition table '21 May 46'; adopted 21 May 1946 (single-source, shipscribe). (g) Grace Line rename date - NavSource 'August 1966' vs MARAD card 'Sold to Grace Line Inc. 8-66' with 'Renamed "SANTA ANITA" 11-30-66'; adopted card (sale Aug 1966, formal rename 30 Nov 1966). (h) Guam arrival '31 June' (DANFS) - calendar-impossible typo, read as 31 Jul 1945. (i) NavalCoverMuseum wiki entry lists 'Launched January 16 1944' and 'Acquired by U.S. Navy October 5 1943' - an acquisition preceding the keel-laying is impossible; enthusiast-compiled source rejected.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   correction

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1943-1973

   Limitations

   Resolves secondary-source conflicts against primary sources (BuShips SDB, MARAD card, shipscribe class tables). The 'Windsor/C3-S-A3' label propagates through NavSource, Wikipedia, and law-firm pages from the erroneous DANFS spec block; no located source supports C3-S-A3 for this hull. None of the compared sources contains asbestos information; this row supports no asbestos claim.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-06

8. [8]Infobae (Argentina), 'Tragedia en el Rio de la Plata: el vapor de pasajeros que choco con un carguero y se hundio en 15 minutos' (27 Aug 2025 retrospective) [reputable_press]

   Locator

   Infobae article body (collision narrative, casualty figures, prosecution paragraphs)

   Finding type

   vessel_history

   Finding

   Merchant-phase casualty documented for this hull: on 27 Aug 1957 at ~22:45, the Moore-McCormack freighter Mormacsurf (ex-USS Grundy), downbound from Rosario, Argentina and bound for California, collided with the Argentine passenger steamer Ciudad de Buenos Aires near the Parana Guazu mouth south of Juncal Island in the Rio de la Plata system, striking her starboard side between the dining room and engine room. The steamer sank in about 15 minutes; Infobae reports 72 passengers and 23 crew dead (about 100 persons including the missing). Mormacsurf's master and river pilot were prosecuted in Argentina; the master returned to the United States and never answered the citations.

   Verification

   verified

   Role

   context

   Documentation level

   ship_specific

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1957 (event); article 2025

   Population

   Mormacsurf merchant crew and post-collision repair workers (undocumented)

   Limitations

   Press-retrospective documentation of a documented collision event for this hull - establishes bow damage requiring repair (an undocumented disturbance-phase event; no repair yard or scope located). Spanish-language secondary source; casualty and navigational details vary slightly among Argentine/Uruguayan retrospectives (collision cited at km 123-136.7 of the channel depending on source). Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-07

9. [9]Consolidated era/design inference - BuShips SDB 1945 v3 machinery row for this hull + C3-S-A2 type data + documented work events (Ingalls Pascagoula construction/APA completion 1943-45; Federal Shipbuilding Kearny reconversion 1947-48; 1957 collision repairs; 25-year merchant career; Taiwan breaking 1973) [other_primary]

   Locator

   SDB1945v3 machinery table row 114; shipscribe APA34 class notes + ship note; MARAD status cards (reconversion contract note; Federal Shipyard Kearny delivery 5-13-47); Infobae 2025 retrospective (1957 collision)

   Finding type

   asbestos_application

   Finding

   Era/design inference: this hull carried a single-screw geared-steam plant (one General Electric turbine, two Foster Wheeler 'D'-type boilers at 465 psi / 765F superheat) built at the peak of WWII asbestos usage - the machinery configuration for which boiler and fireroom insulation, main and auxiliary steam-line lagging, turbine lagging, valve and flange gaskets, machinery packing, and accommodation joiner insulation of the period were commonly asbestos-containing. The documented work history concentrates the candidate disturbance points: construction and builder-side attack-transport completion at Ingalls Shipbuilding, Pascagoula (keel Dec 1943 - commission Jan 1945, under the MC Military Program per shipscribe class notes); the 1947-48 merchant reconversion at Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Kearny, N.J. (conversion contract awarded to Federal S/B + D/D per MARAD card; delivered 5-13-47); collision repairs after the 27 Aug 1957 Rio de la Plata casualty; 25 years of merchant operation under Moore-McCormack Lines and Grace/Prudential-Grace; and the 1973 breaking in Taiwan.

   Verification

   inferred

   Role

   supporting

   Documentation level

   class_or_era

   Accessed

   2026-09-25

   Study period

   1943-1973

   Population

   Construction trades at Ingalls Pascagoula (1943-45); wartime crew, embarked Seabees/troops, and pre-commissioning school-ship trainees; Federal Shipbuilding Kearny reconversion workers (1947-48); merchant crews and repair yards incl. 1957 collision repairs (1948-73); Taiwan breaking-yard workers (1973)

   Limitations

   Inference from the documented machinery plant, construction era, and documented refit/repair events - NOT a hull record. No survey, specification, material schedule, or asbestos record naming APA-111 or MC Hull 873 was located; establishes no asbestos content, quantity, location, individual exposure, or causation.

   Atlas source

   true

   Evidence ID

   ev-uss-grundy-apa111-08

10. [10]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]

    Locator

    Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373

    Finding type

    asbestos_application

    Finding

    Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and Maritime Commission emergency construction program under which this C3-S-A2 hull was built.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    context

    Documentation level

    class_or_era

    Accessed

    2026-09-25

    Study period

    1940s era documented; article 1987

    Population

    WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)

    Limitations

    Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or class and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-grundy-apa111-09

11. [11]Fleischer, W.E., Viles, F.J. Jr., Gade, R.L., and Drinker, P., 'A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels,' J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28(1):9-16 (Jan 1946), PMID 21016030 [other_primary]

    Locator

    PubMed record PMID 21016030; article pp. 9-16 (pipe covering material section)

    Finding type

    gov_survey

    Finding

    The U.S. Maritime Commission-commissioned industrial-hygiene survey of WWII pipe-covering operations at two Navy yards and two Navy contract yards documented that 'an important ingredient of pipe covering material used on U.S. Navy vessels is amosite' - i.e., asbestos insulation was standard material in wartime naval-vessel construction of exactly this hull's era and type.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    context

    Documentation level

    class_or_era

    Accessed

    2026-09-25

    Study period

    survey ~1944-45; published 1946

    Population

    WWII pipe coverers and insulators at Navy and contract yards (era context)

    Limitations

    Era-level documentation of asbestos use in naval construction generally; does not name this vessel, class, or builder yard and establishes nothing about this hull's materials, condition, or any individual exposure. (The study's exculpatory 'not a dangerous occupation' conclusion has since been heavily criticized - see the 2026 critique at DOI 10.1177/10482911261446696.)

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-grundy-apa111-10

12. [12]Owens-Illinois, Inc., Industrial Health Survey of Federal Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co., Kearny, NJ (Aug. 30-Sep. 2, 1944) - introduced as Owens-Illinois interrogatory exhibit #20 in Heathman v. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., Brazoria County TX (1990); scan hosted at toxicdocs.org [other_primary]

    Locator

    Survey document (toxicdocs.org scan); Heathman v. Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corp., Brazoria County TX (1990), interrogatory exhibit #20; yard product-period record per shipyards.json federal-shipbuilding-kearny entry

    Finding type

    asbestos_application

    Finding

    A manufacturer-commissioned industrial-health survey of Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Kearny, N.J. (Aug 30-Sep 2, 1944) documented insulators cutting and fitting asbestos pipe covering (Johns-Manville Superex) and boiler insulation in confined shipyard spaces, with dust counts measured - the same yard where this hull was delivered for merchant reconversion on 13 May 1947 (MARAD status card) and whose documented asbestos product-use period (1940-1948) covers the reconversion window.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    context

    Documentation level

    class_or_era

    Accessed

    2026-09-25

    Study period

    survey 1944; yard product period 1940-1948; hull reconversion 1947-48

    Population

    Shipyard insulators and pipefitters at Federal Shipbuilding & Drydock Co., Kearny, NJ (yard context)

    Limitations

    Yard-level documentation, not a hull record: the survey predates this hull's reconversion by about three years, does not name it, and documents materials in use at the yard rather than aboard any vessel. Survey conducted by a manufacturer (Owens-Illinois) with commercial interest in the findings; dust counts in mppcf units. Proximity in time/yard is context only - establishes no asbestos content or exposure aboard this hull.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-grundy-apa111-11

13. [13]Pruitt v. Air & Liquid Systems Corp., C.A. No. 18-1101-MN-SRF (D. Del., In re Asbestos Litigation / MDL-875 track) - Report and Recommendation (2020-07-30) and Memorandum Opinion, verified via ded.uscourts.gov opinion PDFs [court_record]

    Locator

    Report & Recommendation, Facts section (plaintiff's ship assignments); https://www.ded.uscourts.gov/sites/ded/files/opinions/18-1101_1.pdf

    Finding type

    litigation_documented

    Finding

    The located attack-transport asbestos docket names the lead ship of this same class: plaintiff John W. Pruitt Sr. alleged mesothelioma from asbestos exposure as a machinist mate stationed in 1958 on 'the USS Bayfield, an attack transport' (APA-33, Bayfield class - the class lead ship of Grundy's corrected class) and in 1959 on USS Tolovana (AO-64, Cimarron-class oiler). No docketed asbestos opinion naming USS Grundy, APA-111, MC Hull 873, Mormacsurf, or Santa Anita was located in CourtListener or indexed sources.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    context

    Documentation level

    context_only

    Accessed

    2026-09-25

    Study period

    opinions 2020; service 1958-1963

    Population

    Navy veterans of Bayfield-class APAs (class context)

    Limitations

    Same class but different hull - carried only to document that the Bayfield-class/APA litigation surface exists while no Grundy-specific docket was found. Deposition-stage exposure descriptions are allegations, not findings. See search_ledger for CourtListener coverage detail.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-grundy-apa111-12

14. [14]Batch-2180 search ledger (this record): NHHC/DANFS via Wayback; NavSource 03111; MARAD ShipHistory Detail 2027 + status cards; BuShips SDB 1945 v3; shipscribe APA34/APA55 class pages; CourtListener sweeps; indexed-web litigation checks; NARA record-group guides [other_primary]

    Locator

    search_ledger rows sl-uss-grundy-apa111-01 through sl-uss-grundy-apa111-13

    Finding type

    historical_record

    Finding

    No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, court finding, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Grundy / APA-111 / M.C. Hull 873 / O.N. 252748 / Mormacsurf / Santa Anita was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener: 'USS Grundy' 0 opinion hits; 'APA-111' 5 hits, all token collisions (Administrative Procedure Act / document-reference context) with no ship reference; 'Grundy asbestos' 17 hits, all Grundy-place/entity name collisions (Grundy County coal-country litigation, Malott & Peterson-Grundy construction firm, etc.) with no ship reference. Law-firm marketing pages carry hull-specific copy without primary support (asbestos-ships.com dedicated APA-111 page repeating the Windsor-class error; mesotheliomavets.com Ingalls-yard ship list; simmonsfirm.com and freeasbestostesting.com generic Navy-ship lists) - excluded as sources per the no-law-firm-sources rule.

    Verification

    verified

    Role

    negative_finding

    Documentation level

    ship_specific

    Accessed

    2026-09-25

    Study period

    2026-09-25

    Limitations

    Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943-45 geared-steam attack transport built and completed at Ingalls under the MC Military Program is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and her documented 1947-48 Kearny reconversion, 1957 collision repairs, 25-year merchant career, and 1973 Taiwan breaking are undocumented disturbance phases. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-grundy-apa111-13

15. [15]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 24 (Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel - Navy deck logs), RG 19 (Records of the Bureau of Ships), RG 178 (Records of the U.S. Maritime Commission), RG 357 (Records of the Maritime Administration); MARAD ShipHistory documents/cards for this hull (status cards retrieved; no additional documents listed) [other_primary]

    Locator

    https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/024.html ; /groups/019.html ; /groups/178.html ; /groups/357.html ; MARAD Detail 2027 cards tab (retrieved)

    Finding type

    historical_record

    Finding

    Archival leads (not retrieved - requires research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): Navy deck logs for USS Grundy Jan 1945-May 1946 (RG 24, NARA College Park); BuShips records incl. C3-S-A2 contract plans and Booklet of General Plans (RG 19); USMC construction-contract records for M.C. Hull 873 at Ingalls Pascagoula (RG 178); MARAD/NDRF custody files covering the 1946 Lee Hall lay-up, the 2 Oct 1946 reconversion bid opening, the Federal Shipbuilding Kearny reconversion contract and 1947-48 work, and the 1948 Merchant Ship Sales Act-era sale to Moore-McCormack (RG 357); Federal Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. yard/contract records for the 1947-48 reconversion.

    Verification

    unverified

    Role

    archival_lead

    Documentation level

    context_only

    Accessed

    2026-09-25

    Study period

    1943-1973 records

    Limitations

    Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.

    Atlas source

    true

    Evidence ID

    ev-uss-grundy-apa111-14