Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]research packet ci-packet.md (3 sources cited) [marad_nrc]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED (identity; one date conflict flagged)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-halawa-aog12-pkt-ci-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Halawa (AOG-12) - NHHC ship-history page; live URL returned 404 on 2026-10-05, cited via this Wayback Machine capture dated 2024-05-25 (archived copy); verbatim transcription also at losthistory.net/hazegray mirror [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, Halawa (AOG-12), full text - canonical https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/danfs/h/halawa.html via Wayback 2024-05-25; mirror https://losthistory.net/hazegray/danfs/auxil/aog12.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Official Navy history: Halawa (AOG-12), namesake a cape on Molokai, was built as Blue Sunoco in 1929 by Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co., Chester, Pa., and operated as a Sun Oil tanker until acquired by the Navy through the Maritime Commission in 1942; renamed Halawa and commissioned 10 April 1942 at Pearl Harbor, Lt. Comdr. W. J. Lane in command. Based at Pearl Harbor the entire war, supplying fuel oil and diesel fuel at the Naval Base and NAS Kaneohe, with fuel voyages to Palmyra, Canton, and Johnston Islands 1942-1944. Suffered a serious generator failure 21 December 1944 returning from Canton Island; towed in by ATR-12, arriving 26 December; remained at Pearl Harbor until towed to San Francisco after the war, arriving 25 September 1945; decommissioned 25 October 1945; returned to the Maritime Commission, placed in reserve, and sold 5 July 1948 to Foss Launch and Tug Co.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1929-1948
- Population
- Crew (~63); Sun Shipbuilding construction trades (1929); Pearl Harbor Navy Yard repair trades (1943-1945)
- Limitations
- Contains no asbestos, materials, or insulation information - establishes the documented service framework only. Live NHHC page returned 404 on 2026-10-05; cited via the Wayback capture of the canonical URL (labeled archived) plus a verbatim transcription mirror.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-01
-
[3]MARAD Vessel History - BLUE SUNOCO detail 556 and HALAWA cross-reference 5949 (ON 228330), with scanned status cards 556_1026AF/1026AB (Suisun reserve-fleet data + Navy redelivery condition report), 556_AF (record of ship sales), 5949_AF, and custody-chain document BLUE SUNOCO.pdf [marad_nrc]
- Locator
- vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov/ShipHistory/Detail/556 + /cards/556_1026AF.jpg, /cards/556_1026AB.jpg, /cards/556_AF.jpg, /cards/5949_AF.jpg, /documents BLUE SUNOCO.pdf + HALAWA.pdf (Detail 5949)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- MARAD primary records: M/V tanker built 1929 by Sun Shipbuilding, Chester, Pa.; gross 1,588 / net 932 tons, 246'6" x 43' x 18'6" depth. 'Voluntary purchase by WSA from Sun Oil Co. May 3, 1945 for $150,000.' Navy redelivery condition report records 1,588 Gr./932 Net tons, draft 16.5', 1000 BHP, and a donkey boiler; preservation Sections II-III completed 10/27/45. Entered NDRF Suisun Bay 10-25-45 (fleet C-2). Sale chain: offered under PDX-185 (bids rejected / no bids), reoffered under PDX-234 - sale to Overseas Navigation Co. approved 12-10-46 for $50,000, but the buyer failed to pay and take delivery, was found in default, and its deposit was forfeited ('CANCELLED PURCHASER IN DEFAULT'); readvertised under alternate conditions on PDX-444 (3-23-48) - award to Foss Launch & Tug Co. 6-4-48, approved sale for $32,596; withdrawn from fleet 7-5-48 and delivered to Foss. Custody document records the Sun Oil - USMC - Navy bareboat-charter (4-10-42, Pearl Harbor) - WSA title/possession - Reserve Fleet lay-up - Foss purchase chain.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1929-1948 (records)
- Population
- NDRF Suisun Bay custodial/preservation crews (1945-1948); Foss conversion/shipbreaking trades (1948+)
- Limitations
- Authoritative for custody, condition, and disposal milestones; contains no asbestos, insulation, or hazardous-materials content - supports no asbestos claim. Card-vs-card discrepancy on the Foss award (556_AF: 'June 3, 1948 ... $32,956' vs 556_1026AF: '6-4-48 ... $32,596') and MARAD 'Specific Type' quirks ('LNG' on detail 556, 'Crude Oil' on 5949 - evident cataloging quirks for a 1929 gasoline tanker) are logged in gaps, not adopted.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-02
-
[4]NavSource Online Service Ship Photo Archive, USS Halawa (AOG-12) page - Halawa-class one-ship header, acquisition/service chronology, specifications block, awards, commanding-officer list, Blue Sunoco plan imagery (Marine Engineering and Shipping Age, April 1929) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource AOG-12 page (09/20/2012.htm): chronology, specifications block, CO table, awards, image captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Service-archive data: built 1929 as MV Blue Sunoco for Sun Oil Co. at Sun Shipbuilding & Dry Dock, Chester, PA; 'Acquired [by] the Maritime Commission from Sun Oil Co., 24 December 1941'; transferred by the MC to the Navy 10 April 1942 and commissioned same day at Pearl Harbor (LCDR William J. Lane USNR); purchased from Sun Oil by the Maritime Commission 3 May 1945 while still in Navy service; decommissioned and struck from the Naval Register 24 October 1945; transferred 25 October 1945 to the Maritime Administration for NDRF Suisun Bay; sold 4 June 1948 to Foss Launch and Tug Co. ('PD-X-333 dated 23 March 1948') for $32,596, 'delivered, 5 July 1946'; final disposition 'fate unknown.' Specifications: two Bessemer diesels plus two 75-kW 120-V DC ship's-service generators, twin screws, 1,000 shp, 8.5 kt; complement 9 officers + 54 enlisted; cargo 2,150 DWT (oil 13,200 bbls, gasoline 213,000 gal); armament one 3"/50 DP. CO list: Lane (to 10 Oct 1943), Peters, Jones, Harlan (to 25 Oct 1945). Awards: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, WWII Victory Medal; call sign NUWK.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1929-1948
- Population
- Crew (all service eras)
- Limitations
- Volunteer-compiled transcription archive, not a primary record - corroborated against DANFS and the MARAD cards. Internal conflicts logged: 24-vs-25 Oct decommission/strike; 'PD-X-333' vs the MARAD card's PD-X-444; 'delivered, 5 July 1946' is an evident typo for 1948; 'fate unknown' vs ShipScribe's scrapped-1956. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-03
-
[5]ShipScribe (Stephen S. Roberts), U.S. Navy Auxiliary Ships - Halawa (AOG-12) class page: construction table, acquisition narrative from CNO/VCNO/CinCPac correspondence, Insurv findings, disposition table, ship notes [other_primary]
- Locator
- ShipScribe usnaux/AOG/AOG12.html - Class Notes, Construction/Disposition tables, Ship Notes (compiled 14 Aug 2010)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Compiled research citing primary records: keel laid 14 January 1929, launched 6 April 1929, delivered 12 April 1929 - a special Sun Oil twin-screw motor tanker designed for coastal service and the canal between Montreal and the Great Lakes (very low profile, single pole mast, no smokestack; two KR-6 six-cylinder 500-hp Bessemer direct-reversible diesels operable by one engineer). CNO authorized time charter of Blue Sunoco and Flying A on 10 December 1941 for Naval Transportation Service operation without conversion or renaming; chartered 24 December 1941 and sent to the Pacific. CinCPac requested bareboat charter with Navy crews March 1942; VCNO proposed Base Oiler (AOb) classification but BuShips classed her AOG by 10 April 1942; Auxiliary Vessels Board recommended acquisition 11 April 1942; armament (1-3"/50, 2-20mm) installed at Pearl Harbor 30 July 1942. Insurv record: 57 engine stoppages during the 21 days before her final 21 December 1944 power failure; between February 1943 and March 1945 she spent over one-third of her time in a Navy Yard; her operational commander reported about 40% of time under repair with hull and machinery 'very poor'; the Navy moved her to a buoy 19 April 1945 rather than repair. Sun Oil declined to take her back; title passed to WSA 10 September 1945. Disposition table: decommissioned 25 October 1945, struck 13 November 1945, MC disposal 25 October 1945, MA sale 4 June 1948; ship notes: Foss retained the name Blue Sunoco; scrapped 1956.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1928-1956
- Population
- Sun Shipbuilding construction trades (1929); crew (~63); Pearl Harbor Navy Yard repair trades (1943-1945)
- Limitations
- Secondary compiled research - the underlying primary correspondence and the Insurv report are described but not reproduced. Conflicts with NavSource/DANFS on strike date (13 Nov vs 24/25 Oct), tow tug (ship's log 'ATR-52' vs DANFS 'ATR-12'), and complement (47 vs 63) are logged in gaps. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-04
-
[6]Overseas Navigation Corp. v. United States, 131 Ct. Cl. 70, 129 F. Supp. 206 (Ct. Cl., decided 1 March 1955; Congressional No. 17869, referred under S. Res. 193, 82d Congress) [court_record]
- Locator
- CourtListener opinion 8612415 (lead opinion by Littleton J.; findings of fact; H.R. 1580 text)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Merits-level congressional-reference opinion on the forfeited $12,500 deposit behind Overseas Navigation's $50,000 bid (21 November 1946, invitation PD-X-234) for this hull, the 'tanker Blue Sunoco.' Ship-specific findings: WSA took her from Sun Oil in 1942 and turned her over to the Navy 'for use in the Hawaiian Islands during the war'; she was returned in 1945 'in need of extensive repairs, including the replacement of its engines,' the Navy having 'decided to relinquish its use of the vessel rather than make the needed repairs'; the Commission's 'as is' appraisal was $38,181 ($210,000 sound value less $171,819 estimated repairs) against a $50,000 upset price; the June 1946 first offering drew no responsive bids; the early-1948 third offering (PD-X-444) invited bids either for U.S.-flag operation or for complete domestic scrapping; a tug company's $32,596 operation bid was accepted and 'the Blue Sunoco was subsequently converted and used as a non-self-propelled barge.' Held: no legal liability for return of the deposit, but the court recommended to Congress, solely on grounds of equity, that plaintiff receive the $12,500 back; Chief Judge Jones (Whitaker J. joining) would have recommended $6,250.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1946-1955
- Population
- Marine surveyors/inspectors (1946-47); barge-conversion trades (1948+)
- Limitations
- Non-asbestos contract/disposal litigation - 'other litigation,' classified down per stage discipline: it is a merits disposition on a deposit-forfeiture claim, not an exposure or materials finding. Establishes hull condition and the sale/barge-conversion chain; says nothing about asbestos, exposure, or causation for any person.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-05
-
[7]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AJIM 11(3):359-373, DOI 10.1002/ajim.4700110311
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding and Navy shipyard work during WWII - the era covering this hull's Navy service (1942-45), her documented Pearl Harbor Navy Yard repair periods (armament installed July 1942; more than one-third of February 1943-March 1945 in a Navy Yard per the Insurv record), and her post-failure lay-up. Era-typical asbestos applications aboard a diesel motor tanker of this type would center on lagging of the documented donkey boiler and engine exhaust lines, machinery gaskets and valve packing, and joiner/electrical insulation - not the boiler/steam-plant lagging scope of steamships.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1939-1945 era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (era context)
- Limitations
- Era/yard-level documentation, not a hull record - the study does not name this vessel and covers WWII-era practice; her 1929 merchant construction predates the documented window and carries a weaker unverified inference. Does not establish that asbestos was or is aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-06
-
[8]Batch-1955 search ledger (this record): DANFS (archived NHHC page + transcription mirror); NavSource; ShipScribe; MARAD details 556/5949 + status cards + custody documents; CourtListener API v4 base queries and asbestos-qualified variants; NARA catalog API [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-halawa-aog12-08 through sl-uss-halawa-aog12-14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Halawa (AOG-12) or Blue Sunoco (ON 228330) was found in the sources searched. CourtListener: 'USS Halawa' returned 2 opinions (the non-asbestos contract case at ev-05 plus State ex rel. Bronster v. U.S. Steel Corp., Haw. 1996 - a Hawaiian-geography name collision) and 23 docket hits (all name collisions - D. Hawaii cases referencing Halawa place names, bankruptcy dockets); 'AOG-12' returned 65 opinions and 2,458 dockets, all 'AOG' entity/token collisions (Arkansas Oklahoma Gas, Assemblies of God, AOG Entertainment, etc.); asbestos-qualified variants of the overflowing bases returned 2 dockets ('USS Halawa' + asbestos: Tribune Media and DPH Holdings bankruptcies - collisions) and 6 opinions / 190 dockets ('AOG-12' + asbestos: token collisions inside asbestos-litigation dockets, none naming this hull).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 2026-10-05
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1929 hull with WWII-era Navy service is era-consistent with asbestos-containing insulation products. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-07
-
[9]NARA record-group mapping: RG 24 (Bureau of Naval Personnel deck logs, Halawa 1942-1945); RG 178 / WSA-Maritime Commission records (charter and purchase file, PD-X-185/-234/-444 sale case files, the ShipScribe-cited Insurv inspection report) [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov RG-24 guide page + catalog search attempts (SPA-shell responses)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads, not retrieved: NARA RG 24 deck logs for Halawa covering 1942-1945 (including the December 1944 Canton Island generator-failure passage, tow by ATR-12/ATR-52, and the extended Pearl Harbor Navy Yard repair periods); WSA/MC records on the 1941-42 charters, the May 1945 $150,000 purchase, and the PD-X-185/-234/-444 disposal files including the Overseas Navigation default and the Foss award; the Insurv condition survey ShipScribe summarizes (57 engine stoppages, 'very poor' hull/machinery). The National Archives Catalog API returned the SPA shell rather than JSON on several attempts 2026-10-05 - deck-log digitization status for this vessel unverified.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1929-1948 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; whether asbestos-relevant documents exist for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-08
-
[10]Source-discrepancy resolution across DANFS, MARAD status cards 556_AF/556_1026AF, NavSource, ShipScribe, and Court of Claims opinion 8612415 [other_primary]
- Locator
- cross-check of ev-01 through ev-05 source fields
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Discrepancies resolved or logged: (a) Decommissioned - DANFS and ShipScribe give 25 Oct 1945; NavSource gives 24 Oct - 25 Oct carried (consistent with NDRF entry 10-25-45). (b) Struck - ShipScribe 13 Nov 1945 vs NavSource '24 October 1945'; unresolved, both logged. (c) Foss sale - card 556_AF reads 'June 3, 1948 ... $32,956'; card 556_1026AF reads award 6-4-48 and approved sale $32,596; CL opinion and NavSource give $32,596 - 6-4-48/$32,596 carried; DANFS 'sold 5 July 1948' reconciles as the 7-5-48 withdrawal/delivery. (d) NavSource 'delivered, 5 July 1946' is an evident typo for 1948. (e) NavSource 'PD-X-333' vs MARAD card PD-X-444 (dated 3-23-48) - PD-X-444 controls. (f) Tow tug - DANFS 'ATR-12' vs ship's log 'ATR-52' per ShipScribe - DANFS carried, variant logged. (g) Complement - 63 (DANFS; NavSource 9+54) vs 47 (ShipScribe, 1944) - 63 carried, variant logged. (h) Fate - 'scrapped 1956' (ShipScribe; Wikipedia concurs) vs 'fate unknown' (NavSource) - barge conversion documented through 1955; carried as scrapped-1956 with the conflict logged.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-05
- Study period
- 1929-1956
- Limitations
- Resolves or logs publication-level discrepancies across primary and compiled sources; none of these sources contains asbestos or insulation-material statements, so the resolutions support no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halawa-aog12-09