Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]research packet gc-packet.md (3 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-halsey-powell-dd686-pkt-gc-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Halsey Powell (DD-686) (builder, launch/commissioning, service narrative, decommissioning, battle stars; verbatim transcription via Wayback capture of hazegray mirror - live NHHC page serves 404; updated-edition transfer addendum via globalsecurity.org mirror) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry, specifications block + service narrative + updated-edition addendum
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: Fletcher class; dp. 2,050; l. 376'6"; b. 39'8"; dr. 17'9"; s. 37; cpl. 319; a. 5 5", 10 40mm., 7 20mm., 10 21"tt., 6 dcp., 2 dct. Launched by Bethlehem Steel Co., Staten Island, N.Y., 30 June 1943, sponsored by Mrs. Halsey Powell (widow); commissioned 25 October 1943, Comdr. W. T. McGarry. WWII: sailed Norfolk 20 Jan 1944; Marshalls escort/patrol Mar (I-32 attack 23 Mar, kill completed by Manlove and PC-1135); Marianas Jun-Aug (Saipan fire support, Tinian, Guam picket); TF-38 from 29 Aug - Palaus/Philippines Sep, Formosa air battle 12-15 Oct; Leyte Gulf - Sibuyan Sea 24 Oct, Cape Engano; Ulithi 9 Nov; South China Sea 9-15 Jan 1945 for Lingayen; escorted kamikaze-damaged Ticonderoga to Ulithi 24 Jan; Japan strikes and Iwo Jima cover Feb (one aircraft downed 16 Feb); kamikaze hit alongside Hancock 20 Mar 1945 - steering gear jammed, collision averted with engines, 9 killed and over 30 wounded per the DANFS narrative, reached Ulithi 25 Mar; San Pedro for battle repairs 8 May; sailed 19 Jul; Tokyo Bay surrender 2 Sep; occupation duty to 31 Oct. Decommissioned 10 Dec 1946 at San Diego, Pacific Reserve Fleet. Recommissioned 27 Apr 1951; two Korea tours with TF-77 (Aug 1951-Feb 1952; Oct 1952-May 1953) - plane guard, screening, bombardment of Suwon Dam, Wonsan, Hungnam. Yearly WestPac cruises; Quemoy-Matsu crisis Sep-Oct 1958; Pacific nuclear tests May-Jul 1962; Reserve Destroyer Squadron 27, Long Beach, Naval Reserve training ship 1965-1967. Seven WWII and two Korean battle stars. Updated-edition addendum (globalsecurity mirror): 'Decommissioned 27 April 1968, she was transferred to South Korea and renamed Seoul. Stricken from USN list 2 June 1975, she was sold to South Korea and continued in service there until stricken and scrapped in 1982.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1943-1982
- Population
- Bethlehem Steel Staten Island construction trades 1943; wartime and postwar crew (design complement 319); Korean War crews; reserve-training detachments 1965-68
- Limitations
- DANFS documents service history and specifications, not materials or asbestos content. No laid-down date is stated in the entry; the kamikaze casualty figures (9 killed/30+ wounded) conflict with NHHC H-Gram 044 (12 killed/29 wounded) - carried in gaps. Mirror transcriptions cited because the live NHHC page returns 404; the hazegray transcription ends circa 1967, the globalsecurity mirror carries the updated-edition transfer/stricken addendum.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-01
-
[3]NavSource Destroyer Photo Index, DD-686 USS Halsey Powell - operational/building data block; corroborated by NavalCoverMuseum HALSEY POWELL DD 686 entry (loan/sale dates) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource DD-686 page, 'Operational and Building Data' + 'Fate' lines; navalcovermuseum.org/wiki/HALSEY_POWELL_DD_686 designations list
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource index data for this hull: laid down by Bethlehem Steel, Staten Island NY 3 February 1943; launched 30 June 1943; commissioned 25 October 1943; decommissioned 10 December 1946; recommissioned 27 April 1951; stricken 2 June 1975; to South Korea 27 April 1968, renamed Seoul; stricken and scrapped 1982. The page's namesake bio gives Captain Halsey Powell (b. 3 August 1883, McAfee, Kentucky; USNA 1904; Naval Attache at Peking 1927-29; Distinguished Service Medal as a WWI destroyer-division commander; died 24 December 1936). NavalCoverMuseum adds the custody sequence: loaned to South Korea 27 April 1968 (SEOUL DD-92); sold to South Korea 31 January 1977; stricken 1982 and scrapped. Dates are cross-consistent with the globalsecurity.org DANFS updated-edition addendum (decommissioned 27 Apr 1968, transferred, stricken 2 Jun 1975, sold, scrapped 1982) and Wikipedia's sourced compilation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1943-1982
- Population
- Bethlehem Steel Staten Island trades 1943; ROK Navy crews 1968-1982; Korean scrapping workforce 1982
- Limitations
- NavSource is a secondary compilation indexing official records, not a primary document; its laid-down and disposal dates fill gaps left by DANFS. ROK pennant carried inconsistently across secondary sources (DD-92 vs DD-912) - carried in gaps. Page blocked automated fetch (HTTP failure to navsource.org); index data verified via search-engine snippet and cross-source agreement. Does not establish materials or asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-02
-
[4]NHHC H-Gram 044, '"Floating Chrysanthemums" - The Naval Battle of Okinawa' (Sam Cox, Director of Naval History, 3 April 2020), Attachment 2 (H-044-2), 20 March 1945 entry [other_primary]
- Locator
- H-Gram 044, Attachment H-044-2, dated entry '20 March 1945. HALSEY POWELL (DD-686)'
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NHHC official publication documents this hull's 20 March 1945 kamikaze hit: as TF-58 steamed away from Japan after strikes on Kure and the Inland Sea, Halsey Powell was pulling away after refueling alongside Hancock (CV-19) when a Zeke kamikaze attempting to hit Hancock overshot and hit the destroyer near her after 5-inch mount, jamming her steering gear; the Zeke's bomb went clear through the hull without exploding; she steered with her engines and avoided colliding with Hancock; 12 killed and 29 wounded. The damage sent the ship to San Pedro for a May-July 1945 repair period (DANFS).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1945-03-20
- Population
- Wartime crew, 20 March 1945
- Limitations
- NHHC publication documents battle damage and casualties, not materials or asbestos content. Its casualty figures (12 killed/29 wounded) conflict with the DANFS narrative (9 killed/over 30 wounded) - discrepancy carried in gaps, not silently reconciled. H-044-2 states its figures draw on Morison's 'Victory in the Pacific' Appendix Two with later higher numbers used where found. PDF served 404 to direct fetch; content verified via indexed text and the navintpro.org mirror of attachment H-044-2.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-03
-
[5]Haynes v. Air & Liquid Systems Corp. (In re Asbestos Litig.), Civil Action No. 16-607-SLR-SRF (D. Del.), Report and Recommendation of Magistrate Judge Sherry R. Fallon, July 21, 2017; CourtListener docket 6193796 [court_record]
- Locator
- R&R Part II.B.1 'Plaintiff's alleged exposure history' and II.B.2 (Buffalo Pumps recital); D. Del. docket 1:16-cv-00607 (D.I. 1 Ex. 1 complaint; D.I. 101/108 deposition recitals)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Published Report and Recommendation names this hull in an asbestos personal-injury case: plaintiffs Harold and Judy Haynes alleged Mr. Haynes developed lung cancer from asbestos exposure during Navy service as a boiler tender 1959-1963; per the court's factual recital, '[a]fter his training, Mr. Haynes was stationed on the USS Halsey Powell ("USS Powell") from 1960 to 1963 and on the USS Dennis J. Buckley ("USS Buckley") for six months in 1963,' and 'Mr. Haynes believes that he was exposed to asbestos while operating and maintaining boilers'; he testified he worked on Buffalo Pumps products 'twenty to thirty times while he was aboard the USS Powell.' Filed in Delaware Superior Court June 3, 2016; removed to D. Del. July 15, 2016; the R&R recommended granting all seven moving defendants' summary-judgment motions (plaintiffs did not respond and produced no fact or product-identification witnesses beyond the deposition); case terminated October 10, 2017.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1960-1963 (alleged exposure); 2016-2017 (litigation)
- Population
- Harold Haynes (USN boiler tender aboard USS Halsey Powell 1960-1963; lung cancer)
- Limitations
- Pleading/deposition-stage record resolved at summary judgment FOR the moving defendants, unopposed - service aboard the hull is recited from the plaintiff's own deposition, the exposure allegation was never adjudicated, and no causation or product finding on this hull was reached. A defense summary-judgment win is a merits-level negative for that plaintiff, not exposure evidence. During 1960-63 the only commissioned USS Halsey Powell was DD-686. Does not quantify asbestos aboard or identify which products were asbestos-containing.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-04
-
[6]DANFS specifications block (Fletcher class; 2,050-ton destroyer) + Fletcher-class design data (4 Babcock & Wilcox boilers; 2-shaft geared steam turbines; 60,000 shp) + Atlas shipyard dataset, Bethlehem Shipbuilding network record [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS specifications block; shipyards.json record 'bethlehem-shipbuilding'
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/yard inference: a WWII Fletcher-class destroyer with a four-boiler steam plant would have carried period-standard asbestos insulation, lagging, gaskets, packing, and fireproofing; the builder network (Bethlehem Steel shipbuilding division, incl. the Staten Island/Mariners Harbor yard) is documented at yard level in the Atlas dataset under the 'bethlehem-shipbuilding' record - whose evidence rows (PMID 7342758 cohort findings; Sparrows Point EPA CERCLIS/RCRA records) key to Bethlehem's Baltimore-area yards, not Staten Island. NARA RG19 'General Information Books' per-vessel material specifications are an archival lead for hull-level specs.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1943-1982
- Population
- Bethlehem Steel Staten Island construction trades 1943; crew 1943-68
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - NOT a hull-specific finding. The yard-dataset evidence documents Bethlehem's Baltimore/Sparrows Point operations, not the Staten Island yard that built this hull, and documents yard practice rather than materials aboard DD-686. NARA GIB retrieval not performed. Does not quantify material or establish any individual's exposure.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-05
-
[7]GAO HRD-80-2, 'Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure' (Oct. 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO HRD-80-2 product page + report summary (published Oct. 18, 1979; publicly released Oct. 22, 1979)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- Program-level era context: GAO documented that the Navy's major asbestos use aboard ships was thermal insulation, that 'most ships delivered in the last several years or now under construction have little or no asbestos as thermal insulation' (i.e., substitution began only in the 1970s - after this 1943 hull had already left USN custody), that the October 1975 policy was remove-and-replace only when insulation was damaged or had to be removed for repairs, and that a one-time removal program was rejected on ~$2 billion estimated cost. Halsey Powell transferred to South Korea in 1968 and was stricken from the USN list 2 June 1975 - before either removal policy applied to USN-held hulls.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1979 (report); 1943-1975 (USN hull life)
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers and crews, program-wide (context)
- Limitations
- Program-level findings, not a survey of this hull; GAO fieldwork yards were Long Beach and Norfolk. gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetches (standing defect since batch-01); product-page description and published summary used. Does not establish what was aboard DD-686 or its condition under ROK custody or at scrapping.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-06
-
[8]CourtListener API v4 authenticated searches (type=o opinions and type=r dockets), 2026-09-27 [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-06, -10; Haynes R&R at https://www.ded.uscourts.gov/sites/ded/files/opinions/16-607_0.pdf
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener sweep results: (1) QUALIFYING - "Halsey Powell" RECAP docket sweep returned Haynes v. Air & Liquid Systems Corp. (D. Del. 1:16-cv-00607, nature of suit 368 P.I.: Asbestos; removed 2016-07-15, terminated 2017-10-10), resolved by full-text review of the court-hosted Report and Recommendation as a deposition-stage asbestos case naming this hull - see ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-04; (2) the same sweep returned the MDL-875 master docket (JPML MDL No. 875, In re Asbestos Products Liability Litigation (No. VI)) - the string appears in a RECAP attachment on the master docket, but the member-case pinpoint was not located and the reference is unverified; (3) "Halsey Powell" opinion sweep returned 2 hits, both name collisions predating the ship: State v. Featherstone Powell, 258 Mo. 239, 167 S.W. 559 (Mo. 1914) and 266 Mo. 100, 180 S.W. 851 (Mo. 1915) - criminal murder appeals; (4) "DD-686" opinion sweep returned 0 hits; (5) "DD-686" RECAP docket sweep returned 5 hits, all identifier collisions in unrelated non-asbestos matters - United States v. Anderson (D. Colo. 1:05-cv-00637, bank-statement exhibit strings); Ament v. American Elec. Power (E.D. Tex. 2:03-cv-00257, removal-document identifiers); W.R. Grace bankruptcy (D. Del. Bankr. 01-01139, cost-ledger codes); SIPC v. Madoff (S.D.N.Y. Bankr. 08-01789, exhibit documents); NYT v. Microsoft (S.D.N.Y. 1:23-cv-11195, exhibit identifiers). No other qualifying case names this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Limitations
- Litigation coverage is limited to CourtListener-indexed federal/state opinions and federal dockets; unindexed state trial-court filings and settled MDL-875 claimant records are not covered. The MDL-875 master-docket hit is an index-level reference - the attachment pinpoint was not retrieved, so its role (exposure-site list, service history, or otherwise) is unverified. Name collisions resolved by case date and nature (1914-15 murder appeals cannot involve a 1943 destroyer); DD-686 collisions resolved by document context (financial/exhibit identifier strings, not the hull). No search can prove the absence of all possible litigation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-07
-
[9]U.S. Naval War College Archives, 'USS Halsey Powell (DD-686) scrapbook, 1943-1946', MSC-364, File MSI 415, Box 23, Folder 1 [other_primary]
- Locator
- usnwcarchives.org archival_object 40396 (MSC-364, Box 23, Folder 1)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Naval War College Archives holds a hull-specific scrapbook (1943-1946): 'Copies of photograph, narratives, ship's log and rosters, action and casualty reports, official ship's history, daily diary kept by crew members, awards and citations and chronology of ship's voyages.' Open to researchers; not digitized. A candidate primary source for repair-period and material detail, including the 1945 battle-damage repair record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 1943-1946 (record dates)
- Limitations
- Archival lead only - contents not retrieved or reviewed; catalog description does not indicate whether material specifications or repair documentation are included. Physical access at Newport, R.I. required.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-08
-
[10]Batch-3661 search ledger (this record): DANFS transcriptions/mirrors; NavSource index data; NHHC H-Gram 044; NPS NRHP/NHL; GAO HRD-80-2; Atlas shipyards dataset; CourtListener sweeps; USNWC Archives catalog; NARA RG19 lead [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-01 through sl-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No ship-specific asbestos documentation located for DD-686 beyond the Haynes litigation record (ev-04): no hull asbestos survey, no abatement or remediation contract, and no transfer/scrapping hazmat disclosure was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). The hull's USN lifecycle - Bethlehem Staten Island construction 1943, WWII service 1943-46 incl. a May-July 1945 San Pedro battle-repair period, reserve-fleet lay-up 1946-51, Korean/postwar service 1951-68, Naval Reserve training 1965-68 - ended with foreign transfer in 1968; ROK custody 1968-1982 and overseas scrapping carry no public asbestos-handling documentation.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-27
- Study period
- 2026-09-27
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era design practice is consistent with asbestos insulation having been installed, and the Haynes record documents a deposition-stage exposure allegation aboard, but neither constitutes a ship-specific documentation finding of material content. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-halsey-powell-dd686-09