Evidence
6 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-6).
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[1]DANFS entry, USS Cowpens (CV-25/CVL-25), Vol. II (hazegray transcription; live NHHC page 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS CVL-25 entry + DANFS CL-107 entry note + SDB1945v1.pdf CVL construction table (keel 17 Nov 1941)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: 'Cowpens (CV-25) was launched 17 January 1943 by New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, N.J., sponsored by Mrs. M. H. Spruance, daughter of Vice Admiral W. F. Halsey; and commissioned 28 May 1943, Captain R. P. McConnell in command' - reclassified CVL-25 15 July 1943. The DANFS note on the name-successor entry confirms the conversion: 'HUNTINGTON (CL-77) was under construction at New York Shipbuilding Co., Camden, N.J., 1941 to 1942, but was converted to an aircraft carrier while building to be launched as COWPENS (CVL-25).' BuShips Ships' Data 1945 CVL table gives the keel date: 17 November 1941. Service: TF 58 strikes - Mille and Makin, Kwajalein and Wotje, Truk, the Marianas (Battle of the Philippine Sea), western Carolines, the Philippines (Leyte), the December 1944 typhoon, Lingayen Gulf landings, Formosa/Luzon/Indo-China/Hong Kong-Canton/Okinawa strikes January 1945, overhaul at Mare Island mid-1945, then home-island strikes on Tokyo, Kure, Hokkaido and Honshu to 15 August; Tokyo Bay occupation; two Magic Carpet voyages. Placed in commission in reserve at Mare Island 3 December 1946; decommissioned 13 January 1947; reclassified aircraft transport AVT-1 May 1959; sold for scrapping ~1960. Navy Unit Commendation and 12 battle stars.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1941-1960
- Population
- Construction trades 1941-1943 (Camden); crew 1943-1947
- Limitations
- DANFS documents construction, conversion, service history, and disposal - not materials or asbestos content. Mirror transcription cited because the live NHHC page returns 404; transcription is verbatim DANFS text. The CVL-25 entry does not print a keel-laying date (supplied from BuShips Ships' Data); the conversion detail comes from the CL-107 name-successor note.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-huntington-cl77-01
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[2]NHHC Online Library of Selected Images, USS Cowpens (CVL-25) page (official Naval Historical Center narrative + photo catalog) [other_primary]
- Locator
- https://ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-c/cvl25.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC Online Library narrative for this hull: an 11,000-ton Independence-class small aircraft carrier built at Camden, New Jersey; commissioned May 1943 with the hull number CV-25 (later CVL-25); 'decommissioned in January 1947 and spent the rest of her Navy service in the Reserve Fleet. She was briefly reclassified as an aircraft transport, with the new hull number AVT-1' and was sold for scrapping a year later (~1960).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1943-1960
- Population
- Crew and custody personnel 1943-1960
- Limitations
- Official NHHC narrative page corroborating DANFS at summary level; contains no asbestos or materials content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-huntington-cl77-02
-
[3]DANFS entry, USS Huntington (CL-107), Vol. III - name-successor note (hazegray transcription) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS CL-107 entry
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Name-reuse documentation: after the first Huntington (CL-77) was converted while building to carrier Cowpens (CVL-25), the name was reassigned to a second Huntington (CL-107) - a Camden-built Fargo-class light cruiser launched 8 April 1943 and commissioned 23 February 1946 (Mediterranean postwar service). 'USS Huntington' appearing in 1946-1949 operational or litigation contexts without a hull number is more likely CL-107 than the CL-77 hull (which was already the carrier Cowpens).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1941-1946
- Limitations
- Attribution aid only - prevents confusing this record's hull with the commissioned name-successor cruiser; carries no exposure weight for either hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-huntington-cl77-03
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[4]BuShips Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 1 (1 January 1945), CVL construction/machinery tables (COWPENS CVL-25: keel 17 Nov 1941; 4 shafts, 100,000 shp, 4 B&W boilers, 565 psi/850 deg F, GE turbines) + BuShips Technical Manual NAVSHIPS 250-000 ch. 39 'Thermal Insulation' (1960) + Atlas shipyard dataset [other_primary]
- Locator
- SDB1945v1.pdf CVL-25 construction/machinery rows; NAVSHIPS 250-000 ch. 39 (scan via Garlock bankruptcy repository); DANFS entry; shipyards.json records; cleveland-class.class.json
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era inference: Cleveland-design cruiser-hull construction (4 Babcock & Wilcox boilers; 4 GE geared steam turbines; 100,000 shp; 4 shafts per Ships' Data CVL-25 row) at New York Shipbuilding Corp., Camden, 1941-1943 falls in the documented Navy asbestos-insulation era; the 1960 BuShips Technical Manual insulation chapter enumerates the era-standard suite - 85%-magnesia (~15% asbestos) and amosite-fiber pipe covering, asbestos felt, chrysotile cloth/tape lagging, asbestos millboard, finishing cement, and molded asbestos block. Documented disturbance periods for this hull: builder conversion period 1941-43 at Camden; Mare Island Navy Yard overhaul mid-1945 (post-typhoon/western-Pacific return); Mare Island inactivation and reserve custody 1946-60. The completed hull's operational exposure profile belongs to the Independence-class CVL-25 record; this row characterizes construction-era context only.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1941-1960
- Population
- Construction trades 1941-1943; repair-yard workers 1945; crew 1943-1947
- Limitations
- Class/era specification and yard-period inference only - no ship-specific asbestos record exists for this hull (ev-05); this row must not be read as establishing that asbestos products were or remain aboard. Does not quantify material; insulation disturbance at documented yard periods is inference from work scope, not a documented abatement record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-huntington-cl77-04
-
[5]Batch-58 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS + Online Library + BuShips Ships' Data; CourtListener ship-name and hull-number queries (API throttled - blocked); web-search litigation mitigation; NVR; museum/disclosure sweep [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-huntington-cl77-01 through sl-uss-huntington-cl77-07
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located under either hull identity: CourtListener API queries ('USS Huntington'/'CL-77'; 'USS Cowpens'/'CVL-25' asbestos) could not be executed - the shared-IP daily rate cap (125/day) was already exhausted and returned HTTP 429 (see search_ledger sl-uss-huntington-cl77-04); web-search mitigation surfaced only law-firm and marketing ship-list pages (excluded as non-authoritative) and no qualifying court record naming either identity; and no hull ACM survey, abatement contract, scrapping hazmat disclosure, NVR entry, or museum record with asbestos data was found. Attribution caveat: 'USS Huntington' litigation hits would most plausibly attach to the commissioned CL-107 cruiser; exposure-profile litigation for this completed hull belongs to the CVL-25 identity.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 2026-09-18
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - it establishes only that no qualifying ship-specific documentation was found in the searched repositories. The CourtListener sweep is INCOMPLETE for this batch (API throttled); the ledger logs the block honestly rather than claiming a completed search. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-huntington-cl77-05
-
[6]National Archives and Records Administration, Record Group 19 (Bureau of Ships) - New York Shipbuilding Camden contract and conversion records (1941-42 CL->CVL reorder program); undigitized [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 19 (Records of the Bureau of Ships); NY Shipbuilding Camden contract files; Mare Island reserve-fleet records
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival lead only: NARA RG 19 holds BuShips contract and conversion-design records for the 1941-42 Cleveland-hull-to-carrier reorder program plus Camden builder's specifications for this hull; Mare Island inactivation and reserve-fleet preservation records (1946-60) may carry materials/maintenance detail. Not digitized; no asbestos-specific content is asserted.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-18
- Study period
- 1941-1960
- Limitations
- Lead only - not reviewed. No finding of asbestos content is made or implied; the existence of records does not establish that they contain materials data.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-huntington-cl77-06