USS Hydra (AK-82)

Name: USS Hydra
Hull designation: AK-82
Vessel class: Enceladus
Evidence tier: Tier 2
Evidence entries: 13
Record ID: uss-hydra-ak82
Dataset version: 2026.10.12-rc.1
Canonical URL: https://asbestosatlas.org/ships/uss-hydra-ak82

Evidence

13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).

[1]Bureau of Ships, Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels, Vol. 3 (NAVSHIPS 250-012, 1945), cargo ship (AK) section - hull-number index entry 'AK82 HYDRA (transferred to Army)' plus the ENCELADUS (AK-80) class data row (shipscribe.com scan of the official BuShips publication) [other_primary]

Locator
SDB1945v3 front-matter 'LIST OF NAVAL VESSELS,' AK numerical section ('AK82 HYDRA (transferred to Army)'); AK class characteristics tables, row 55 ENCELADUS (dimensions, personnel, machinery, armament/cargo, construction columns)

Finding type
vessel_history

Finding
The official wartime BuShips register indexes this hull by name and number - 'AK82 HYDRA (transferred to Army)' - confirming her Navy identity and her early transfer to the Army. Class data for the N3-M-A1 type is carried under ENCELADUS (AK-80), the only class member still on the naval list at publication: 269'10" overall / 255'0" waterline; beam 42'6"; 20'8" draft; 10.25 knots; 5,200 tons; machinery 1 C.B. (Cooper Bessemer) diesel, 1,190 hp, 1 screw; complement 83; cargo 115,873 cu ft / 3,175 DWT; builder Penn-Jersey S.B. Co., Camden.

Verification
verified

Role
supporting

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1945

Limitations
Authoritative wartime BuShips publication. The index entry names this hull; the tabulated characteristics are the class row printed under AK-80 (same MC N3-M-A1 design and builder), so they are carried here as type data rather than a per-hull table for AK-82, which had been stricken before publication. OCR of the scanned tables is columnar and partially garbled; values cross-verified against DANFS, NavSource, and shipscribe. Contains no materials, insulation, or asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-01
[2]DANFS, 'Hydra' entry, Naval History and Heritage Command (live NHHC URL returns HTTP 404 - verbatim text verified via Internet Archive Wayback capture 20250121093043; identical transcription at hazegray/losthistory.net mirror) [nhhc_danfs]

Locator
DANFS entry body text + spec block (Wayback capture 20250121093043); mirror https://losthistory.net/hazegray/danfs/auxil/ak82.htm

Finding type
vessel_history

Finding
NHHC records: Hydra (AK-82), formerly Eben H. Linnell, launched 23 Jan 1943 under Maritime Commission contract by Penn-Jersey Ship Building Corp., Camden, N.J.; acquired by the Navy 1 Jan 1943; commissioned 25 Sep 1943, Lt. E. F. McCotter, USCGR, in command. Arrived Norfolk 1 Oct for shakedown; a month of Chesapeake Bay operations incl. speed trials and target runs; departed Norfolk early Nov; Boston Harbor 5 Nov 'to begin transferring process'; decommissioned 19 Nov 1943 and transferred to the Army the same day; 'served in the Army as an ammunition ship'; subsequently returned to the Maritime Commission; renamed Madison Jordan Manchester; arrived James River 20 Aug 1947 as part of the National Defense Reserve Fleet. Spec block: 1,677 t; 269'10" x 42'6" x 20'9"; 10 kts; complement 83; armament one 3"; class Enceladus; type N3-M-A1.

Verification
verified

Role
supporting

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1943-1947

Limitations
Primary Navy historical entry - authoritative for identity, service chronology, and custody chain, but very brief. Its 'served in the Army as an ammunition ship' characterization conflicts with the more specific Engineer Port Repair Ship designation documented by the official U.S. Army history, NavSource, and shipscribe (flagged in gaps). Contains no asbestos or materials information; supports no asbestos claim. Live NHHC page 404s (standing link rot, cf. BATCH-01); the Wayback capture is the verbatim NHHC text.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-02
[3]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - USAPRS Madison Jordan Manchester ex USS Hydra (AK-82), file 09/13/130082 (incl. U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships photo captions from NARA RG-19-LCM) [other_primary]

Locator
NavSource 130082.htm - chronology block, specifications block, commanding-officer table, photo-caption entries (19-N-45122, 19-N-52625/26, DN-SC-95-00577), disposal entries

Finding type
vessel_history

Finding
NavSource timeline corroborates DANFS and adds detail: 'manned by the US Coast Guard'; MC hull 465; conversion to a Port Rehabilitation Ship completed circa June 1944 at Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyard, Inc., Baltimore; returned to the Maritime Commission 20 Aug 1947 for lay-up NDRF James River Group, Lee Hall, VA; 'Final Disposition, sold for scrapping, 24 May 1994, to Global Marketing System Inc. for $11,000.00.' Spec block: 1,677 t lt / 5,200 t fl; 269'10" x 42'6" x 20'8"; 10.25 kts; complement 83; 1 x 3"/50 DP; diesel fuel 1,940 bbls; 1 Cooper Bessemer diesel, single propeller, 1,190 shp; gensets 3x100kW + 2x40kW DC; boom capacity 10 t; cargo 3,175 DWT / 115,873 cu ft. BuShips photo captions (NARA RG-19-LCM): towed Camden to Baltimore 27 May 1943 'for completion and conversion' showing the continuous hatch row for the Clyde Whirley crane (19-N-45122); off Fort Carroll, Chesapeake Bay, 30 Sep 1943 with the 'provisional rig' (kingpost with cargo booms between holds 1-2 replacing the Whirley crane) on 'the second ship of this type to be completed' (19-N-52625/-52626); DoD photo DN-SC-95-00577 shows the ex-USAPRS at Baltimore Fairfield Terminal awaiting scrapping Nov 1994; photo captions document Wilmington Resources, Wilmington NC (1995, contract defaulted) and the tow to Philadelphia. CO table: LT E. F. McCotter USCG 25 Sep-19 Nov 43; LT E. A. McCammond USCGR 19 Nov 43 (one day).

Verification
verified

Role
supporting

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1943-1995

Limitations
Specialist secondary compilation - detailed and consistent with NHHC, but non-official. Two data defects logged in gaps: (a) the disposal line appends the NDRF entry date '20 August 1947' where a 1994 withdrawal date belongs (MARAD confirms withdrawal 24 May 1994); (b) the $11,000 Global Marketing System sale conflicts with the MARAD milestone naming 'BALTIMORE RESOURCES' as the 24 May 1994 disposition party - likely broker vs contractor, unresolved. Spec block omits the six 20mm guns the shipscribe class table attributes to AK-82's Navy fit. Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-03
[4]U.S. Maritime Administration, ShipHistory database - MADISON JORDAN MANCHESTER, Ship History Detail 3148 (milestones + five status-card scans); HYDRA (AK-82) Detail 8543; EBEN H. LINNELL Detail 7716 [marad_nrc]

Locator
ShipHistory Detail 3148 registry block + milestone table + status-card scans (3148_5859AF/BF/CF/CB, 3148_AF); Detail 8543 (374_01.png); Detail 7716 (1WM_01.png + EBEN H. LINNELL.pdf)

Finding type
vessel_history

Finding
MARAD ShipHistory registry record for this hull under her Army name: Year Built 1943; Shipyard 'Penn-Jersey Shipbuidling Corporation' [sic]; MARAD Type N3-M-A1; fate 'Sold - Scrap'; milestones - NDRF Entry 8/20/1947, Acquisition 8/20/1947, Disposition 5/24/1994 'BALTIMORE RESOURCES', Withdrawal 5/24/1994. The linked HYDRA (AK-82) Detail 8543 repeats the Penn-Jersey yard and 1943 build year, gives displacement 5,202 t summer / 1,677 t lightweight, and attaches status-card scan 374_01.png; the linked EBEN H. LINNELL Detail 7716 carries different physical data (see correction row). Vessel Name History chain on each detail links all three names to the same record group.

Verification
verified

Role
supporting

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1943-1994

Limitations
Authoritative for government custody milestones; the registry carries internal data defects - see correction row (N3-S-A2 type and 291-ft length on the HYDRA detail vs N3-M-A1 on the MANCHESTER detail for the same hull). Contains no asbestos, materials, or condition-survey information; supports no asbestos claim. Status-card scans not yet OCR'd.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-04
[5]Shipscribe U.S. Navy auxiliary ships data sheets, 'USS Enceladus (AK-80) Class' page (Stephen S. Roberts compilation from Navy registers, BuShips/SCB design records, and MARAD files) [other_primary]

Locator
AK-80 class page: characteristics block, construction table (AK-82 row), disposition table (AK-82 row), class notes, ship notes (AK-82 row)

Finding type
vessel_history

Finding
Design compilation naming this hull throughout: construction row - keel 11 Apr 1942, launched 23 Jan 1943, commissioned 25 Sep 1943 (acquired 1 Jan 43 with the class); disposition row - decommissioned 19 Nov 43, struck 24 Nov 43, to Army 19 Nov 43, MA sale 1 Dec 93; ship note - 'Ex merc. EBEN H. LINNELL. Towed to Bethlehem Steel, Key Highway, Baltimore, 27 May 43 for conversion, accepted and commissioned 25 Sep 43, and completed 30 Sep 43. Began to load cargo at Norfolk for Noumea but instead ordered to Bethlehem Steel Co., Simpson Yard, East Boston, Mass. Decomm. and to Army there 19 Nov 43 for conversion to Engineer Port Repair Ship MADISON JORDAN MANCHESTER. To NDRF 20 Aug 47. Assigned by MA as Fleet Service Craft (SS-27) to support the James River Reserve Fleet on 15 Jul 85. To buyer 24 May 94.' Class history: the 14 Penn-Jersey N3-M-A1 'Bowes Coasters' came from a 50-ship Lend-Lease MARCOM order; the Navy took over the yard's contracts effective 1 Jan 43; the Whirley crane failed its 17 Jul 43 load test (downrated 30 to 15 tons); a 19 Aug 43 INSURV sub-board found AK-80's cargo facilities unsuitable; the 16 Sep 43 conference aboard AK-80 concluded the type 'should not have been taken over by the Navy'; CominCh directed transfer of AK 81-89 to the Army 22 Oct 43; SecNav approved 12 Nov 43. Class table: original armament 1-3"/50 + 6-20mm for AK-80 and AK-82.

Verification
verified

Role
supporting

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1941-1994

Population
Penn-Jersey construction workforce (1942-43); Bethlehem Key Highway conversion workforce (1943); Bethlehem-Fairfield USAPRS conversion workforce (1943-44); Bethlehem Simpson Yard decommissioning workforce (1943); NDRF James River caretakers and SS-27 crew (1947-1994); 1994-95 breaking-yard workers

Limitations
Compiled secondary transcription of official Navy register, design, and MARAD records, not the registers themselves; figures used where consistent with NHHC/SDB/MARAD. Defects flagged in gaps: the class narrative calls AK-80 'ERIDANUS' (a slip - AK-80 was Enceladus; Eridanus was AK-92, a different Crater-class ship) and class complement '63 (1944)' conflicts with DANFS/SDB 83. Contains no asbestos information; the conversion-history detail documents work events, not materials content.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-05
[6]Office of History, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, 'The Corps of Engineers: Troops and Equipment' (United States Army in World War II series), Chapter XVII 'Preparing to Reconstruct Ports' (official Army history; PDF via Internet Archive capture of the USACE publications server) [other_primary]

Locator
Chapter XVII, pp. 403-411 (conversion program, delivery-delay table, crew training, July-August 1944 sailings); PDF via Wayback capture 20090723125459

Finding type
vessel_history

Finding
The official Army history names this hull's Army conversion: four N3-M-A1 hulls 'eventually named the Thomas F. Farrell, the Madison J. Manchester, the Glenn G. Griswold, and the Robert M. Emery, after Engineer officers killed during World War II,' with conversion beginning 'at various east coast shipyards the second week in December 1943.' Delivery slipped (Manchester scheduled 15 Feb 1944, then 31 March, then a further two weeks in the February 1944 update); the conversion added a 50-ton boom and a 40-ton cathead derrick 'for raising debris and small sunken craft,' machine shops, and salvage plant; ships' armament was manned by naval gun crews. 'Two of the first five ships sailed for Europe in July and three in August 1944' (the five-ship roster - Van Noy, Manchester, Farrell, Griswold, Emery - per the companion NavSource program summary, ev-uss-hydra-ak82-07), and the first five 'did the bulk of the clean-up of European ports.'

Verification
verified

Role
supporting

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1943-1945

Population
Army Engineer port-repair crews (1071st-series units) and naval armed-guard gun crews (1943-45); east-coast conversion-yard workers (Dec 1943-mid 1944)

Limitations
Authoritative official history (Center of Military History series) naming this hull's Army phase: conversion start, delay chronology, equipment additions, namesake category, and the July-August 1944 sailing window. Does not give Manchester's individual sailing date or specific port assignments in the cited passages. Contains no asbestos or materials information; supports no asbestos claim.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-06
[7]NavSource Army Port Repair Ship index PDF (compilation consistent with the shipscribe class notes) - N3-type port repair ship program summary naming Hydra/Manchester [other_primary]

Locator
NavSource 30/12/pdf/1200.pdf - port repair ship program summary paragraphs

Finding type
vessel_history

Finding
Program-level compilation naming this hull: 'One other ship in this group of N3s had already served in the Navy, the Hydra, AK-82, was actually completed as a naval vessel late in 1943 and saw two months of commissioned service before being transferred to the Army for conversion to a port repair ship. As the Madison Jordan Manchester this ship then saw Army service in Europe, followed by many years in the reserve fleet before finally dropping off that list in 1984.' Corroborates that the first five repair ships - Van Noy (ex-Lawrence), Manchester, Farrell, Griswold, and Emery - 'did not sail for Europe until July and August of 1944' and 'did the bulk of the clean-up of European ports.'

Verification
verified

Role
supporting

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1943-1994

Limitations
Secondary compilation; its 'dropping off that list in 1984' conflicts with the MARAD-documented 1994 disposal (the 1985 SS-27 fleet-service-craft assignment may underlie the confusion) - the 1994 MARAD milestones control. Confirms Navy service duration ('two months'), European Army service, and the July-August 1944 sailing window consistent with the official Army history. Contains no asbestos information.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-07
[8]MARAD ShipHistory registry - cross-detail comparison of EBEN H. LINNELL (Detail 7716), HYDRA AK-82 (Detail 8543), and MADISON JORDAN MANCHESTER (Detail 3148) [marad_nrc]

Locator
Detail 7716 registry block (McClosky, 1945, N3-S-A2, 248394); Detail 8543 registry block ('N3-S-A2', 291.00 ft) vs Detail 3148 ('N3-M-A1')

Finding type
historical_record

Finding
MARAD's Vessel Name History chain links the three details as one hull, but the physical data split across them exposes a registry conflation: Detail 7716 ('EBEN H. LINNELL') describes a different vessel - built 1945 by McClosky and Company, MARAD type N3-S-A2, U.S. Official No. 248394, 258.75 ft, 1,870 gt - i.e., a later namesake merchant hull that inherited the name after the Navy took the 1943 MC hull 465. The HYDRA detail itself carries polluted fields from the same conflation (MARAD type 'N3-S-A2', ship length 291.00 ft), while the MANCHESTER detail correctly carries N3-M-A1. Controlling values for this hull: Penn-Jersey N3-M-A1, 1943, 269'10" oa.

Verification
verified

Role
correction

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1943-1994 records

Limitations
Correction row reconciling registry data quality; the conflation matters because an unchecked read of Details 7716/8543 would attribute a steam N3-S-A2 plant and a 291-ft hull to this diesel N3-M-A1 vessel. No asbestos content in any of these sources.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-08
[9]Consolidated era/design inference - BuShips SDB 1945 v3 class machinery row (Cooper Bessemer diesel plant) + shipscribe AK-80 class page (N3-M-A1 design history, conversion scope) + NavSource spec block [other_primary]

Locator
SDB1945v3 machinery table, AK section (ENCELADUS class row); https://shipscribe.com/usnaux/AK/AK80.html class notes and ship note; NavSource spec block

Finding type
asbestos_application

Finding
Era/design inference: this hull is a single-screw diesel cargo ship (one Cooper Bessemer engine, 1,190 shp - no boilers, no steam lines), built 1942-43 at a Maritime Commission emergency yard at the peak of WWII asbestos usage, then rebuilt twice in succession at Bethlehem yards - the Navy conversion at Key Highway (May-Sep 1943) and the Army port-repair conversion at Bethlehem-Fairfield (Dec 1943-mid 1944) that installed a 50-ton boom, a 40-ton cathead, machine shops, generators, and salvage equipment. For a vessel of this type and period, diesel exhaust and muffler lagging, engine-room insulation, accommodation joiner/fireproof panel products, valve and machinery gaskets and packing, and brake linings on winches, booms, and (originally) the Clyde Whirley crane were commonly asbestos-containing. Post-service disturbance phases: ~47 years in NDRF lay-up (including SS-27 fleet-service-craft use from 1985) and the 1994-95 breaking.

Verification
inferred

Role
supporting

Documentation level
class_or_era

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1942-1995

Population
Penn-Jersey construction trades (1942-43); Bethlehem Key Highway and Bethlehem-Fairfield conversion workforces (1943-44); USCG crew (Sep-Nov 1943); Army port-repair crew and naval gun crew (1944-45+); NDRF caretakers and SS-27 crew (1947-1994); 1994-95 scrapping workers

Limitations
Inference from the documented machinery plant, builder, construction era, and conversion scope - NOT a hull record. No survey, specification, material schedule, or work package naming AK-82/MC hull 465 was located; establishes no asbestos content, quantity, location, individual exposure, or causation.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-09
[10]Fleischer, W.E., Viles, F.J. Jr., Gade, R.L., and Drinker, P., 'A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels,' J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28(1):9-16 (Jan 1946), PMID 21016030 [other_primary]

Locator
PubMed record PMID 21016030; article pp. 9-16 (pipe covering material section)

Finding type
gov_survey

Finding
The U.S. Maritime Commission-commissioned 1944-45 industrial-hygiene survey of pipe covering in naval-vessel construction documented that amosite asbestos was 'an important ingredient of pipe covering material used on U.S. Navy vessels' - the era and program under which this hull and her conversions were built.

Verification
verified

Role
context

Documentation level
class_or_era

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
survey ~1944-45; published 1946

Population
WWII pipe coverers and insulators at Navy and contract yards (era context)

Limitations
Era-level documentation of asbestos use in naval construction generally; does not name this vessel, class, or yard (whether Penn-Jersey Camden or the Bethlehem conversion yards were among the surveyed sites is unverified) and establishes nothing about this hull's materials, condition, or any individual exposure. (The study's exculpatory 'not a dangerous occupation' conclusion has since been heavily criticized - see the 2026 critique at DOI 10.1177/10482911261446696.)

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-10
[11]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987) [other_primary]

Locator
Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373

Finding type
asbestos_application

Finding
Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and emergency construction program under which this N3-M-A1 cargo ship was built and twice converted - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in shipbuilding.

Verification
verified

Role
context

Documentation level
class_or_era

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1940s era documented; article 1987

Population
WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)

Limitations
Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel or class and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-11
[12]Batch-957 search ledger (this record): NHHC/DANFS via Wayback + hazegray mirror; NavSource 130082 + port-repair PDF 1200; MARAD ShipHistory Details 3148/8543/7716; BuShips SDB 1945 v3; shipscribe AK-80 class page; USACE Troops and Equipment ch. XVII; CourtListener (blocked); indexed-web litigation checks; VA BVA index; Naval Vessel Register; NARA record-group guides [other_primary]

Locator
search_ledger rows sl-uss-hydra-ak82-01 through sl-uss-hydra-ak82-14

Finding type
historical_record

Finding
No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, court finding, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Hydra, AK-82, MC hull 465, Eben H. Linnell, or Madison Jordan Manchester was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). Direct CourtListener API querying was HTTP 429 rate-limit blocked on 2026-09-21 (authenticated 2,800/day quota exhausted by prior batch work on this machine; stated reset ~7,205 s) - litigation coverage rests on indexed-web checking, which surfaced only name collisions and law-firm marketing ship lists (freeasbestostesting.com auxiliary-ships page and duboselawfirm.com cargo-ship table, both naming AK-82 without primary support - excluded source class). The VA BVA index returned no decision naming the ship; the Naval Vessel Register has no record (hull disposed of before 1987 coverage).

Verification
verified

Role
negative_finding

Documentation level
ship_specific

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
2026-09-21

Limitations
Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1942-43 wartime auxiliary with two documented yard conversions is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and the 47-year NDRF lay-up and 1994-95 breaking are undocumented disturbance phases. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility. The CourtListener quota block means systematic name/hull sweeps were NOT completed via API - residual litigation surface is assessed only through indexed-web checking; an authenticated re-sweep after quota reset is the open follow-up.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-12
[13]NARA Guide to Federal Records: RG 24 (Navy deck logs), RG 19 (Bureau of Ships records), RG 178 (U.S. Maritime Commission records), RG 357 (Maritime Administration records); Army Engineer port-repair unit histories cited by the USACE official history (e.g., 1071st Engr Port Repair Ship Crew, Army Map Service / OCE and OCT file collections); MARAD ShipHistory status-card scans for this hull [other_primary]

Locator
https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/024.html ; /groups/019.html ; /groups/178.html ; /groups/357.html ; https://vesselhistory.marad.dot.gov/ShipHistory/Detail/3148 (status-card scans); USACE ch. XVII footnote citations (OCT file 564; unit histories)

Finding type
historical_record

Finding
Archival leads (not retrieved - requires research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): Navy deck logs for USS Hydra Sep-Nov 1943 (RG 24); BuShips records for the N3-M-A1 program - the INSURV sub-board report of 3 Sep 43, the BuShips letter of 15 Oct 43 confirming hull renumbering, the Whirley crane removal instructions of 8/16 Sep 43, and conversion work packages for AK-82 (RG 19); USMC construction-contract records for MC hull 465 at Penn-Jersey incl. the 4 Sep 41 contract and the 31 Dec 42 Navy contract (RG 178); MARAD/NDRF custody files covering the 1947 James River entry, the 15 Jul 85 Fleet Service Craft (SS-27) assignment, and the 1993-94 sale (RG 357) - the sale file is the most promising disposal-era hazmat lead; Army conversion and unit records cited in the USACE history (OCT file 564 'Repair Vessels,' Engr Port Repair Ship Co. files, 1071st-series unit histories); MARAD status-card scans already digitized but unexamined (374_01.png on Detail 8543; five scans on Detail 3148; 1WM_01.png + EBEN H. LINNELL.pdf on Detail 7716).

Verification
unverified

Role
archival_lead

Documentation level
context_only

Accessed
2026-09-21

Study period
1941-1995 records

Limitations
Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.

Atlas source
true

Evidence ID
ev-uss-hydra-ak82-13

Attribution

Compiled by: Paul Danziger; Rod de Llano
Publisher: Danziger & De Llano, LLP
License: CC-BY-4.0
Citation: Danziger, P., and De Llano, R. (2026). AsbestosAtlas Navy Vessel Asbestos Exposure Dataset. Danziger & De Llano, LLP. DOI: not yet assigned
Dataset version: asbestosatlas-ships-2026.10.12-rc.1
DOI: not yet assigned