Evidence
8 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-8).
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[1]research packet lh-packet.md (1 sources cited) [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-pkt-lh-packet-md
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[2]DANFS, 'Jack C. Robinson (APD-72)' (NHHC online entry, published 2015-07-22; verbatim text via Wayback capture 2025-12-09 - live NHHC page returns 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS entry 'Jack C. Robinson (APD-72)' - spec block, namesake biography, service narrative, disposition
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS record for this hull: launched by Dravo Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa., 8 January 1944 as DE-671; sponsored by Mrs. Clem F. Robinson (mother of the namesake); reclassified APD-72 on 27 June 1944; converted to a highspeed transport; commissioned 2 February 1945 at Orange, Tex., Lt. Comdr. W. W. Bowie in command. Spec block: APD-72, dp. 1,390; l. 306'; b. 37'; dr. 12'7"; s. 24 k.; cpl. 204; a. 1x5", 6 40mm., 6 20mm., 2 dct.; cl. Crosley. Service: Caribbean shakedown; departed Norfolk 31 March 1945; San Diego 14 April; Pearl Harbor 24 April; Ulithi 21 May; escort for supply convoys to forward areas; June 1945 Okinawa antisubmarine patrol, departed 17 July for the Philippines; post-war convoy duties supporting the occupation of Japan; Panama Canal to Norfolk early 1946; Brooklyn (New York Naval Shipyard) 24 May 1946 for extensive repairs; towed to Green Cove Springs arriving 30 October 1946; decommissioned 13 December 1946; Reserve Fleet at Orange, Tex.; struck from the Navy List 1 December 1966 and sold to Chile under the Military Assistance Program; one battle star for WWII. Namesake: Pfc. Jack C. Robinson, USMC (b. Blue Ridge, Ga., 22 Sep 1922; enlisted 12 Dec 1941), Matanikau River, Guadalcanal, 23 Oct 1942 communications-line repair under fire; died 25 Oct 1942; posthumous Silver Star.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1966
- Population
- Dravo Neville Island construction trades 1943-44; Consolidated Steel Orange conversion trades 1944-45; USN crew 1945-46 (design complement 204) plus embarked troops
- Limitations
- DANFS documents construction, specifications, and service history - not materials or asbestos content. No laid-down date is stated in the entry. The spec block's 'cl. Crosley' conflicts with references classifying the Buckley-derived APDs as Charles Lawrence class - carried in gaps. Live NHHC page returns 404 (standing NHHC rot); verbatim Wayback capture of the NHHC entry cited.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-01
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[3]NavSource Online Amphibious Photo Archive, USS Jack C. Robinson (APD-72) page (volunteer archive; lead-level): building/operational data block, APD spec block, campaign table, command roster, captioned NARA photo credits (Wayback capture 2024-12-14 - live navsource.org DNS fails to resolve) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource APD-72 page, building/operational data block, APD specifications, campaign table, commanding-officers roster, photo captions
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Photo-archive detail corroborating and extending DANFS: laid down as Jack C. Robinson (DE-671), a Buckley-class destroyer escort, at Dravo Corp., Neville Island, Pittsburgh PA; launched 8 January 1944; redesignated APD-72 27 June 1944; ferried to Orange TX for fitting out as a high-speed transport; commissioned 2 February 1945 at Consolidated Steel Corp., Orange TX, LCDR William W. Bowie USNR in command; TransDiv 107 (Capt. N. E. Miller USN); Okinawa Gunto operation 10-19 June 1945; occupation service in the Far East 15 September - 17 November 1945; decommissioned 13 December 1946 at Green Cove Springs FL; Atlantic Reserve Fleet Texas Group, Orange TX; struck 1 December 1966; sold 1 November 1967 to Chile under the Military Assistance Program, renamed Orella (APD-27); struck by the Chilean Navy and sold for scrapping. APD spec block: 1,400 lt / 2,130 fl tons; complement 12 officers + 192 enlisted; troop accommodations 12 officers + 150 enlisted; 4 LCVP; propulsion: 2 Combustion Engineering 'D' express boilers 435 psi/750F, 2 GE turbines (turbo-electric drive), 12,000 shp, 2 shafts, 23.6 kt trial; armament 1x5"/38 DP, 3 twin 40mm, 6 20mm, 2 dct. CO roster: LCDR Bowie Feb-Nov 1945; LCDR Borg Nov 1945-Oct 1946; LT Nagle Oct-13 Dec 1946. Captioned USN photos at Orange on commissioning day credited to US National Archives nos. 80-G-306070/-71/-72; Chilean-service photos of Orella circa 1968/70.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1984
- Population
- Dravo and Consolidated Steel construction/conversion trades 1943-45; USN crew 1945-46; Chilean Navy crew as Orella 1967-ca.1984
- Limitations
- Volunteer-maintained photo archive - lead-level documentation, not an official record; dates, roster, spec block, and photo captions are unverified against the underlying USN/NHHC/NARA originals. The 1 November 1967 sale date conflicts with NavalCoverMuseum's 15 November 1966 and the Colton yard table's 'to Chile 1966' - carried in gaps. Nothing on materials aboard. NavSource labels the class 'Crosley'; see class-nomenclature gap.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-02
-
[4]Buckley (TE) class design data (Atlas class-f/buckley-class.class.json, drawing on BuShips 'Ships' Data, U.S. Naval Vessels 1945' design groups 2-3 + navypedia TE block map) + NavSource APD-72 spec block; conversion context per DANFS and Colton yard table [other_primary]
- Locator
- class-f/buckley-class.class.json propulsion_summary + class_notes (TE design, 435 psi/750F boilers, no ship-specific asbestos record for any Buckley DE); NavSource APD-72 propulsion block; Colton Consolidated-Orange table row DE-671
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference for a steam-plant escort hull built 1943-44 and converted to a high-speed transport 1944-45: this hull carries the full Buckley TE propulsion package - 2 'D' express-type boilers at 435 psi/750F (Combustion Engineering per the NavSource spec block for this hull) feeding GE steam turbine-generators and electric motors, 12,000 shp - so the steam-ship asbestos categories apply as class/era inference: boiler and turbine insulation, steam-line lagging between fireroom and engine room, valve and flange gaskets, machinery packing, fireproofing, deck coverings, and accommodation insulation. The APD conversion at Consolidated Steel, Orange TX (contract 13-Jun-1944 per Colton; commissioned there 2-Feb-1945) added troop berthing for ~162 and boat-handling spaces - a second wartime-yard work package consistent with period insulation disturbance and new-fit insulation.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (build/conversion); 1945-46 (USN service); 1946-1966 (reserve layup); 1967-1984 (Chilean service)
- Population
- Dravo Pittsburgh construction trades 1943-44; Consolidated Steel Orange conversion trades 1944-45; USN engineering crew 1945-46; Chilean engineering crew 1967-ca.1984
- Limitations
- Class/era and builder-yard inference only - not a ship-specific finding. No hull record establishes that asbestos-containing products were installed aboard this hull, in which locations, or in what quantity; the NavSource boiler attribution is a secondary spec block unverified against BuShips originals. Does not establish asbestos presence, quantity, or location aboard this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-03
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[5]CourtListener API v4 sweep (opinion index type=o; RECAP docket index type=r) for exact name and hull numbers via cl-auth-search.py (authenticated, fleet-paced); queries and per-query results per search_ledger [court_record]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-05 through -11
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener sweep results: '"Jack C. Robinson" asbestos' (type=o) returned 0 results. '"APD-72"' (type=o) returned 0 results. '"DE-671"' (type=o) returned 9 hits, all string collisions on case-name/manual review - Fenner v. 1011 Route 109 Corp. (N.Y. App. Div. 2014, premises), HSBC Bank USA v. Grella (N.Y. App. Div. 2016, foreclosure), Buckler v. Israel (S.D. Fla. 2015), Grenier v. Cyanamid Plastics (1st Cir. 1995, ADA), Sims & McGhee v. NTSB (10th Cir. 1981), Community for Creative Non-Violence v. Pierce (D.C. Cir. 1987), Favors v. Drayton (E.D.N.Y. 2014), J.M. Mills v. Murphy (R.I. 1976), Neely v. Freeze (Mo. App. 1949) - reporter/docket-numeral matches on the tokenized '671', none vessel- or asbestos-related. '"Jack C. Robinson"' (type=r) returned 1 hit - Jack C. Robinson and Tonya L. Robinson, N.D. Ohio bankruptcy 2018 - a personal-name collision, not the vessel. '"DE-671"' (type=r) returned 77 hits; first-page case-list review shows unrelated civil/criminal/bankruptcy matters (Delaware-district and docket-numeral collisions), none vessel- or asbestos-related. No qualifying asbestos litigation naming this hull located. '"USS Jack C. Robinson"' (type=o) and '"APD-72"' (type=r) remained pending at drafting - fleet pacing budget 'momentarily spent' across spaced retries (sl-10, sl-11).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Opinion index swept for name+asbestos and both hull numbers; docket index swept for the name (1 collision) and 'DE-671' (77 collisions, case-name review only - all 77 rows not individually opened). Two queries pending on the fleet pacing budget - the exact-name opinion query is a strict subset of the name query already run, and 'APD-72' docket yield was expected to be collision-only (same as the opinion index's 0), but both are logged pending rather than presumed. The sweep does not cover state-court records, trust claims, or non-U.S. jurisdictions. 'Jack C. Robinson' is also a personal name (one collision already documented) - any future hit needs collision classification, not automatic attribution.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-04
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[6]Batch-4447 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS via Wayback, NVR, NavSource via Wayback, Atlas shipyard dataset, Atlas class profile, CourtListener API v4, NARA catalog, ShipbuildingHistory (Colton) yard tables, NavalCoverMuseum, NPS NRHP/NHL [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-01 through -15
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no ACM survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, material-condition report, or litigation naming this hull was found in the public sources searched. No preservation-era documentation can exist - the hull was sold to Chile, served as Orella, and was scrapped after Chilean disposal; it was never a museum, memorial, or NPS asset.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 2026-09-29
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - the hull no longer exists in recoverable form, so no present-day survey is possible; whether era materials aboard contained asbestos is undocumented in either direction. The 20-year reserve layup (1946-66) and Chilean service/scrapping are likewise undocumented for materials. Construction- and conversion-yard records are paper leads only (ev-06).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-05
-
[7]NARA RG 19 (BuShips contract specifications / General Information Books) for DE-671 at Dravo and the APD-72 conversion at Consolidated Steel Orange; RG 24 deck logs (Feb 1945 - Dec 1946); RG 38 ship war diary (1945); New York Naval Shipyard repair package (May 1946); NARA-custody USN photos 80-G-306070/-71/-72 - all undigitized or not located online [other_primary]
- Locator
- NARA RG 19/RG 24/RG 38 entry series (undigitized); New York Naval Shipyard records; NARA still-picture holdings 80-G-306070 series
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads for hull-level material documentation not yet retrieved: (1) NARA RG 19 holds BuShips per-vessel specifications and ships-data books covering DE-671's construction at Dravo/Neville Island and the APD-72 conversion design, and Consolidated Steel work orders document the 1944-45 conversion scope; (2) RG 24 deck logs cover the full commissioned period February 1945 - December 1946 including the May-October 1946 repair period at the New York Naval Shipyard; (3) the ship's 1945 war diary (RG 38 series) covers the Okinawa/Philippines/occupation period; (4) USN photographs 80-G-306070/-71/-72 (commissioning-day views at Orange, credited in NavSource captions) are NARA-custody originals.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1946 (records); 2026 (lead status)
- Limitations
- Leads only - none of these holdings were pulled or digitized; contents unknown. They establish nothing about materials aboard. NARA catalog returns an SPA shell to programmatic fetches (standing limitation shared with prior batches).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-06
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[8]ShipbuildingHistory (Tim Colton compilation, navalmarinearchive.com mirror), Consolidated Steel Corp., Orange TX yard table - per-hull row for DE-671; plus the Dravo Pittsburgh boats table ('DEs 668-674 ... Transferred to Consolidated Steel, Orange TX') [other_primary]
- Locator
- Consolidated Steel Orange yard table, row 'Jack C. Robinson / DE 671'; Dravo Pittsburgh boats table, 'DEs 668-674' block row
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Colton yard-table row for this hull (Consolidated Orange register): 'Jack C. Robinson', U.S. Navy destroyer escort DE-671, 1,200 tons, contract 13-Jun-1944, keel laid 10-Nov-1943, launched 8-Jan-1944, delivered 2-Feb-1945 (59 days on the ways, 391 days in water, 450 total), disposition 'Transferred from Dravo, converted to APD 72, to Chile as Orella (F 27) 1966, struck 1984'. The companion Dravo table reads 'DEs 668-674 - Transferred to Consolidated Steel, Orange TX', documenting that this hull belonged to the seven-ship Dravo block moved to Orange for completion - consistent with DANFS (launched by Dravo as DE-671; converted and commissioned at Orange).
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-29
- Study period
- 1943-1945 (build); 1966-1984 (disposal)
- Population
- Dravo Neville Island construction trades 1943-44; Consolidated Steel Orange conversion trades 1944-45
- Limitations
- Secondary compilation (well-regarded yard register derived from official shipbuilding records) - unverified against primary contract/delivery documents. Keel date 10-Nov-1943 is corroborated by the NavalCoverMuseum data table but is not in DANFS and is absent from the NavSource page. Chilean transfer year reads 1966 here vs NavSource's 1-Nov-1967 sale; pennant reads F 27 vs NavSource's APD-27; Chilean striking year 1984 is unique to this source - all carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jack-c-robinson-de671-07