Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
-
[1]DANFS, 'Jekyl (AG-135)' entry, Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships (NHHC) - verbatim transcription via hazegray DANFS mirror (transcribed by Yves Hubert); canonical NHHC URL returns 404 (standing link rot). Official corroboration of the hull and its 1947 Navy career: NHHC 'Naval History of Georgia' infographic lists 'USS Jekyl (AG 135), 1947' [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- hazegray DANFS mirror auxil/ag135.htm - full entry + spec block; NHHC Georgia infographic https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/nhhc/news-and-events/multimedia%20gallery/New%20Infographics/Georgia%20Research_FINAL.pdf (ship list)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS entry for Jekyl (AG-135): named for 'an island off the coast of Georgia' (Jekyll Island, spelled Jekyl in Navy usage). Built 1944 by Wheeler Shipbuilding Corp., Long Island, N.Y., for the Army; served as FS-282 until transferred to the Navy at Guam 22 Feb 1947; converted to Navy use and commissioned at Guam 2 May 1947, Lt. F. E. Richards in command. One of a group of small Army cargo ships transferred to the Navy for inter-island service: carried ammunition, food, and supplies to island bases and outposts, operating mainly from Kwajalein Atoll and steaming through the Marianas and Carolines to Pearl Harbor in support of occupation forces; also transported civil-government officials and carried native products. Reclassified AKL-6 on 31 Mar 1949. Relieved December 1949, arrived Pearl Harbor 15 Dec, steamed to Seattle and decommissioned 12 Apr 1950; placed in reserve at Astoria, Oreg. 'Jekyl was sold 18 May 1960 and scrapped.' Spec block: dp 520; l 177'; b 33'; dr 10'; s 13 k; cpl 26; cl. Camano.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- Navy crew, complement ~26 (1947-1950)
- Limitations
- Primary Navy historical entry - authoritative for identity, Navy service history, and disposal as the Navy recorded it. Contains no asbestos, materials, or insulation information; supports no asbestos claim. 'Sold and scrapped' conflicts with compiled merchant-registry trails (see ev-08). Live NHHC page 404s; mirror text verbatim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-01
-
[2]NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - USS Jekyl (AKL-6), file 09/49/49135 [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 49135.htm - chronology block, specifications block, commanding-officer tables, awards block, photo caption 094913501
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource service-ship archive entry corroborates DANFS and adds the Army period: laid down 1944 at Wheeler Shipbuilding Corp., Whitestone, Long Island, N.Y.; delivered to the U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps 27 Dec 1944; assigned to the Army Transportation Corps; commissioned USAV FS-282 27 Dec 1944, LT. E.C. Sturgis, USCGR in command; departed New York 17 Jan 1945 for the Southwest Pacific; LTjg. Joshua W. Reed, USCG, succeeded Sturgis sometime in 1945; USCG-manned during WWII; decommissioned (Army) date unknown; acquired by the Navy 22 Feb 1947 at Apra, Guam; reclassified AKL-6 31 Mar 1949; decommissioned 12 Apr 1950 Seattle; Pacific Reserve Fleet, Columbia River Group, Astoria; struck date unknown; sold for scrapping 18 May 1960. Spec block: 520 t; 177' x 33' x 10'; 12 kts; complement 26; propulsion two 500-hp GM Cleveland Division 6-278A 6-cyl diesel engines, twin screws. Awards block: American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, WWII Victory Medal. Photo record: USAV FS-282 at anchor Manila Bay 21 Aug 1946, U.S. National Archives album 111-SCA-2926-067 / Signal Corps photo SC 255471.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1944-1960
- Population
- USCG-manned wartime crew (1944-1947); Wheeler Shipbuilding construction workforce (1944)
- Limitations
- Specialist secondary compilation - detailed but non-official; consistent with DANFS on every overlapping milestone. Army-era specifics (delivery/commissioning 27 Dec 1944, CO names, 17 Jan 1945 departure) rest on NavSource alone - the USCG Historian hull-level entry was not retrievable (blocked, see ev-03). Contains no asbestos information; supports no asbestos claim.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-02
-
[3]U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office, 'World War II Coast Guard-Manned U.S. Army Freight and Supply Ship Histories' (media.defense.gov PDF); plus USCG Historian 'Historic Ships' index listing FS-282 (web.archive.org capture 20190421135806) [other_primary]
- Locator
- FS-histories PDF preamble (JCS agreement of 14 Mar 1944; 288 craft; design series breakdown) - full text blocked to automated fetch (Akamai HTTP 403), content verified via indexed excerpts; Historic Ships index, 'FS' vessel list
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- The U.S. Coast Guard Historian's Office publication 'World War II Coast Guard-Manned U.S. Army Freight and Supply Ship Histories' documents the program under which this hull was crewed: under a Joint Chiefs of Staff agreement signed 14 Mar 1944, the Coast Guard manned 288 small Army Transportation Corps vessels (AMRS, TY, LT, FS, and F categories); 'FS-140 through FS-234 were "Design 330," and the rest were "Design 381"' - placing FS-282 among the Design 381 hulls. The USCG Historian's 'Historic Ships' index lists FS-282 among the FS vessels on which the office maintains a file.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1944-1947
- Population
- USCG-manned crew of FS-282 (1944-1947)
- Limitations
- Official USCG Historian publication, but the PDF body was not retrievable by automated fetch (Akamai 403); verified content is limited to the indexed preamble (manning agreement, design-series breakdown) and the archived index page listing FS-282. FS-282's own hull-level narrative entry (commissioning details, movements, decommissioning) was NOT retrieved - NavSource carries those details (ev-02). Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-03
-
[4]Shipscribe U.S. Navy auxiliary ships data sheets, 'USS Camano (AKL 1, FS Design 381 Part 1) Class' page (Stephen S. Roberts compilation from Navy registers, BuShips design records, and Miramar Ship Index; compiled 8 Aug 2021) [other_primary]
- Locator
- AKL01.html - characteristics block, construction table (AKL-6 row), disposition table (AKL-6 row), class notes (Design 381 origin/specs, AG 130-141 naming, AKL reclassification), ship notes (AKL-6 note)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Shipscribe compiled register/design data naming this hull in the Camano (AKL-1, FS Design 381) class tables: JEKYL (ex-AG 135) acquired 22 Feb 1947; builder 'Wheeler SB, Brooklyn'; contract 24 Apr 1943; completed 23 Dec 1944; commissioned 2 May 1947. Disposition table: Decomm 'Dec 1949'; Strike 1 Nov 1959; Disposal 27 May 1960, Navy sale. Ship note verbatim: '(ex-AG 135 31 Mar 1949, ex-FS 282, compl. 23 Dec 1944). Relieved LSM 273 in the Marianas. In USN reserve 1949-59 (Columbia River). On Navy sale list Nov 1959. Merc. BETTY K IV 1960, SEA PRINCESS II-NILO 1980, HOPE 1 1988. Sighted 26 Sep 2006 as stranded wreck near Bahia Blanca, Argentina. (Note similar merchant names for ex-AKL 14.)' Class context: Design 381 was the Army's 'Vessel, Supply, Diesel, Steel, 176'' built to specifications dated 1 Jun 1943 (eight addenda to 16 Aug 1944); Wheeler held order FS 253-292; 'All of these ships had Cleveland diesels'; 12 ex-FS hulls classified AG 130-141 for Pacific Fleet inter-island service replacing LSMs, named 3 Apr 1947 after U.S. islands; AKL reclassification effective 31 Mar 1949; class spec - 520 lt/940 fl tons, 177' oa, armament none, accommodations 4 officers + 33 enlisted, 13 kts, geared diesel 2 screws 1,000 hp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1943-2006
- Population
- Wheeler Shipbuilding construction workforce (1943-44); Navy crew 1947-1950; Columbia River reserve-fleet caretakers 1950-1960; post-1960 merchant crews and any breakers (if registry trail correct)
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary transcription of official register/design records and Miramar merchant-registry data - not the registers themselves; figures used where consistent with DANFS/NavSource. Conflicts logged: 'Dec 1949' decommission vs DANFS 12 Apr 1950 (adopted DANFS); 'Wheeler SB, Brooklyn' vs Whitestone (adopted Whitestone); class accommodations 4+33 vs DANFS complement 26. Contains no asbestos information.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-04
-
[5]Consolidated era/design inference - shipscribe Design 381 class data ('Vessel, Supply, Diesel, Steel, 176''; all Cleveland diesels) + NavSource machinery spec block for this hull [other_primary]
- Locator
- shipscribe AKL01.html class notes + spec block; NavSource 49135.htm specifications block
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Era/design inference: this hull is a 1944 Army Design 381 'Vessel, Supply, Diesel, Steel, 176'' - a twin-screw geared-diesel coastal freighter with two GM Cleveland 6-278A engines and no boilers or steam distribution - built at the peak of WWII asbestos usage at a small New York yard. For a diesel freighter of this size and era, the asbestos applications typical of the period would be exhaust-manifold/muffler lagging, engine and piping gaskets and packing, electrical insulation, accommodation fireproofing/joiner material, and winch/windlass brake linings - a materially narrower scope than steam-plant hulls. Disturbance-phase pathways for this hull: the 1947 Navy conversion at Guam, 1950-1960 reserve lay-up maintenance, the 1960 sale, and (if the registry trail is correct) decades of post-Navy merchant operation and the eventual Argentine breaking/wreck.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1944-1960 (documented service life); to ~2006 if merchant trail correct
- Population
- Wheeler Shipbuilding construction trades (1943-44); USCG-manned crew 1944-47; Navy crew 1947-50; reserve-fleet caretakers 1950-60; 1960 sale/breaking and any post-Navy merchant crews
- Limitations
- Inference from the documented machinery plant, type, and construction era - NOT a hull record. No survey, specification, material schedule, or abatement document naming FS-282/AG-135/AKL-6 was located; establishes no asbestos content, quantity, location, individual exposure, or causation. The narrower diesel configuration means less era-typical asbestos scope than steam vessels - inference deliberately bounded.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-05
-
[6]Corn, Jacqueline Karnell, and Jennifer Starr, 'Historical perspective on asbestos: Policies and protective measures in World War II shipbuilding,' American Journal of Industrial Medicine 11(3):359-373 (1987), PMID 3555021 [other_primary]
- Locator
- Abstract and article, AJIM 11(3):359-373
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Peer-reviewed historical study documents that asbestos was used extensively as a fireproofing and insulating material in U.S. shipbuilding during WWII - the era and emergency construction program under which this Design 381 hull was mass-produced for the Army - and that wartime demand drove unprecedented asbestos utilization in shipbuilding.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1940s era documented; article 1987
- Population
- WWII shipyard workers and ship crews (class context)
- Limitations
- Program/era-level scholarly documentation of asbestos use in WWII shipbuilding generally; does not name this vessel, class, or builder yard and does not establish that asbestos was or remains aboard this hull, nor quantity, location, condition, exposure, or causation.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-06
-
[7]Fleischer, W.E., Viles, F.J. Jr., Gade, R.L., and Drinker, P., 'A health survey of pipe covering operations in constructing naval vessels,' J Ind Hyg Toxicol 28(1):9-16 (Jan 1946), PMID 21016030 [other_primary]
- Locator
- PubMed record PMID 21016030; article pp. 9-16 (pipe covering material section)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- The U.S. Maritime Commission-commissioned industrial-hygiene survey of WWII pipe-covering operations at two Navy yards and two Navy contract yards documented that 'an important ingredient of pipe covering material used on U.S. Navy vessels is amosite' - i.e., asbestos insulation was standard material in wartime naval-vessel construction of this hull's era. (Relevant here as era context only - a diesel coastal freighter carried far less pipework than the surveyed combatant types.)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- survey ~1944-45; published 1946
- Population
- WWII pipe coverers and insulators at Navy and contract yards (era context)
- Limitations
- Era-level documentation of asbestos use in naval construction generally; does not name this vessel, class, or builder yard (whether Wheeler Shipbuilding was among the surveyed contract yards is unverified and unlikely - it was an Army-contract yard) and establishes nothing about this hull's materials, condition, or any individual exposure. (The study's exculpatory 'not a dangerous occupation' conclusion has since been heavily criticized - see DOI 10.1177/10482911261446696.)
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-07
-
[8]Shipscribe AKL-1 class page, AKL-6 ship note and disposition table (Miramar-derived merchant trail), vs. DANFS 'sold ... and scrapped' (hazegray DANFS mirror, ag135.htm); IMO 5043605 carried only on Wikipedia - unverified [other_primary]
- Locator
- AKL01.html disposition table + ship notes (AKL-6 and the AKL-14 cautionary note); DANFS mirror ag135.htm disposal line
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Disposal discrepancy documented: DANFS records 'sold 18 May 1960 and scrapped,' while compiled merchant-registry data tracks this hull as continuing in merchant service - BETTY K IV (1960), SEA PRINCESS II-NILO (1980), HOPE I (1988) - and sighted 26 Sep 2006 as a stranded wreck near Bahia Blanca, Argentina. Shipscribe itself cautions that ex-AKL-6 and ex-AKL-14 (HEWELL) carried confusingly similar merchant names (BETTY K IV vs. BETTY K; SEA PRINCESS II vs. SEA PRINCESS, both Bahamas-registered in 1960/1980), so the merchant trail's attribution to this hull is not certain. If the hull did persist to ~2006, the Navy's 'scrapped' is wrong and any original-era materials went with the wreck rather than a 1960 breaking.
- Verification
- disputed
- Role
- correction
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1960-2006
- Population
- 1960 sale/breaking workforce; any post-1960 merchant crews; Argentine wreck/breaking site
- Limitations
- Cannot be resolved from public sources this pass: DANFS 'scrapped' is contradicted by registry compilations, but those compilations carry a self-flagged AKL-6/AKL-14 name-confusion risk. Neither 'scrapped 1960' nor 'wrecked Argentina 2006' is asserted as final; both are recorded with attribution. Resolution requires Lloyd's/Miramar register pulls (not authorized).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-08
-
[9]Batch-633 search ledger (this record): hazegray DANFS mirror + NHHC canonical URL (404); NavSource 49135; USCG Historian FS-histories PDF (media.defense.gov, 403-blocked) + archived Historic Ships index; shipscribe AKL-1 class page; MARAD ShipHistory name search; NVR AKL-6 detail; CourtListener API + HTML (both blocked); domain-indexed litigation check; NARA record-group guides [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-jekyl-ag135-01 through sl-uss-jekyl-ag135-10
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, court finding, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Jekyl / AG-135 / AKL-6 / FS-282 was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). MARAD ShipHistory holds no record for the hull (she was never in Maritime Commission or MARAD custody). The Naval Vessel Register does not cover the hull (disposed before 1987 - NVR excludes pre-1987 disposals). CourtListener systematic sweeps were blocked by rate limiting (API HTTP 429, ~10-hour quota wait; HTML search 403); a domain-indexed web check returned only 'Jekyll & Hyde, Inc.' restaurant litigation (S.D.N.Y.) - name collisions, not this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 2026-09-20
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1944 hull is era-consistent with asbestos-containing materials, and the undocumented 1947 Navy conversion, reserve lay-up, 1960 sale, and any post-Navy merchant service are undocumented disturbance phases. Does not establish presence or absence; does not establish or defeat any exposure claim or legal eligibility. Litigation coverage is partial because CourtListener was rate-limit blocked - the negative finding rests on indexed-web checking, not a completed systematic sweep.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-09
-
[10]NARA 'Logbooks of the US Navy at the National Archives' (RG 24 Entry 118, NAID 581208, College Park post-1941) + NARA Guide to Federal Records record-group structure (RG 19, RG 26, RG 336) [other_primary]
- Locator
- archives.gov logbook guide (Navy post-1941 = College Park, RG 24 Entry 118); Guide to Federal Records RG 19/26/336
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival lead (not retrieved - requires research-room or reproduction order; no spend authorized): NARA RG 24 (Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel), Entry 118 (NAID 581208) holds Navy deck logs 1941+ at College Park - the AG-135/AKL-6 deck logs for 1947-1950 service would be there; RG 26 (U.S. Coast Guard) holds USCG-manned vessel logs covering the FS-282 wartime period; RG 336 (Records of the Office of the Chief of Transportation / Army Transportation Corps) holds Army small-vessel acquisition and operation records for the FS-282 period; RG 19 (Records of the Bureau of Ships) holds conversion/acceptance documentation for the 1947 Navy conversion at Guam - the likeliest repository for any materials/specification detail on this hull.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-09-20
- Study period
- 1944-1960 records
- Limitations
- Record-group mapping only - no box-level retrieval performed; existence of asbestos-specific documents for this hull is unknown until surveyed in person. Nothing in this row is an asbestos finding.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-jekyl-ag135-10