Evidence
7 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-7).
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[1]DANFS, USS Kadashan Bay (CVE-76) entry - designation lineage, construction, WWII service narrative, kamikaze damage, disposal (verbatim transcription; live NHHC page returned 404) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS CVE-76 entry - designation/construction paragraph, service paragraphs, closing paragraph, and class data block
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- DANFS documents: Kadashan Bay (AVG-76) reclassified ACV-76 on 20 August 1942 and reclassified CVE-76 on 15 July 1943 - the same hull under all three designations; launched 11 December 1943 by Kaiser Co., Inc., Vancouver, Wash., under a Maritime Commission contract; sponsored by Miss Audrey Ackerman; commissioned 18 January 1944, Captain R.N. Hunter in command. Service: departed San Diego 6 March 1944 on the first of two aircraft-ferry cruises to Espiritu Santo (154 aircraft transported total), returning San Diego 13 May; sailed 10 July for Pearl Harbor, then Tulagi for the Palau assault - departed Tulagi 6 September, her air group launching the preinvasion strike on Peleliu 12 September ahead of the 15 September landings; staged at Manus, steamed for Leyte Gulf 14 October, arriving 21 October for direct support strikes. On 25 October her patrol plane piloted by Ens. Hans L. Jensen sighted the Japanese Central Force off Samar and made an unsupported attack on the leading cruiser - the opening of the Battle off Samar; her air group launched three fighter and three torpedo strikes against Kurita's force; withdrew to Manus, arriving 3 November. Air group accounted for 11 enemy planes in mid-December encounters. Rendezvoused with the main force 3 January 1945 for the Luzon landings; off Luzon 8 January, after an early-morning strike, a kamikaze crashed into the ship amidships directly below the bridge - fires and flooding checked after roughly 90 minutes of damage control; temporary repairs at Leyte from 12 January; arrived San Francisco 13 February for complete overhaul. Sailed 8 April for Pearl Harbor (arrived 14 April), then ferried aircraft and passengers among Pacific islands; July - assigned replenishment carrier for the 3d Fleet, en route from Pearl Harbor when Japan collapsed. Magic Carpet from Guam in September; arrived San Francisco 26 September; next three months ran Pearl Harbor, Guam, Okinawa, and China lifts; San Pedro 22 December. Departed San Diego 10 January 1946 for Boston, arriving 29 January; decommissioned 14 June 1946 and placed in the Atlantic Reserve Fleet there. Entry close: reclassified CVU-76 'June 12 1956' [sic - see gaps] and 'scrapped 13 August 1959.' Entry records 'two [three]' battle stars for WWII service.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1942-1959
- Population
- Crew (complement 860); embarked air group (VC-20 per NavSource)
- Limitations
- Documents designation lineage (confirming AVG-76 is this same hull, not an absent vessel), construction, combat service, battle damage, and disposal-era status for this hull; contains no insulation, material, or asbestos information. Entry text gives no laid-down date (carried from NavSource). Closing 'CVU-76 June 12 1956' and 'scrapped 13 August 1959' conflict with NavSource (CVU-76 12 June 1955; stricken 1 August 1959; sold February 1960; Hong Kong breaking from June 1960) - carried in gaps, not silently reconciled.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-01
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[2]NavSource Online, Escort Carrier Photo Archive, USS Kadashan Bay (CVE-76 / CVU-76 / AKV-26) - data table, designation/fate bullets, spec block, photo captions (incl. Kaiser yard newspaper 'Bo's'n's Whistle' launch coverage and NARA photo records), commanding-officer list (076co.htm) [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource CVE-76 page - Casablanca class data table, name/designation/fate bullets, specifications block, Construction and kamikaze photo captions, Mothballed section; 076co.htm commanding-officer list
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- NavSource confirms: Casablanca class, MC type S4-S2-BB3, Maritime Commission hull 1113; awarded 18 June 1942, laid down 2 September 1943, launched 11 December 1943 (Kaiser yard 'Hull 322' per Bo's'n's Whistle captions - the yard's first nighttime launching since 16 November 1942), commissioned at Astoria, Oregon 18 January 1944, decommissioned 14 June 1946, stricken 1 August 1959. Sponsor Miss Audrey Ackerman of Yakima, WA - a swing-shift pickup-truck driver representing Kaiser Shipyards workers. Designations: AVG-76; ACV-76 20 August 1942; CVE-76 15 July 1943; CVU-76 12 June 1955 and AKV-26 7 May 1959, both in reserve. Fate: reserve, Boston group, US Atlantic Reserve Fleet; sold for scrap to Comarket Inc. February 1960; scrapped at Hong Kong starting June 1960. Spec block: 7,800 t standard / 10,900 t full load; 4 boilers (285 psi), Skinner Uniflow reciprocating engines, 2 shafts, 9,000 ihp, 19+ knots, 10,240 nm at 15 knots; 1 x 5"/38, 8 twin 40mm, 20 single 20mm; 21 aircraft (VC-20, March 1944); crew 760-860. Commanding officers: Capt. Robert N. Hunter (18 Jan 1944 - 6 Feb 1945), Capt. Jack P. Monroe (to 8 Feb 1946), Capt. Hal K. Edwards (to 14 Jun 1946). NARA-sourced photo captions corroborate the 8 January 1945 kamikaze - impact at the waterline starboard below the island structure; a crew account (AMM1c Walter E. Skeldon) describes a ~9 x 17 ft hull hole and shoring of engine-room bulkheads. Photographed in reserve at South Boston Naval Annex, May 1958. Awards display: Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (3 stars), Philippine Presidential Unit Citation, Philippine Liberation Medal (2 stars), Navy Occupation 'Asia' clasp.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1942-1960
- Population
- n/a (building/fate data)
- Limitations
- Compiled secondary archive consistent with DANFS on all overlapping facts; no insulation/asbestos content. Disposal detail (Comarket sale February 1960; Hong Kong breaking from June 1960) conflicts with DANFS 'scrapped 13 August 1959'; CVU-76 date (1955) conflicts with DANFS '1956'; aircraft count (21, VC-20) differs from the DANFS-era 28-plane compiled figure; battle-star display (3 Asiatic-Pacific stars) differs from the DANFS text 'two [three]' - all carried in gaps.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-02
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[3]U.S. Navy, Bureau of Ships Technical Manual, NAVSHIPS 250-000, Chapter 39 'Thermal Insulation' (1960, page date 15 April 1959) - specification-level document for Navy shipboard insulation materials [other_primary]
- Locator
- BuShips TM ch.39, sections 39-11 through 39-13 (materials)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The 1960 BuShips Technical Manual's insulation chapter enumerates the asbestos material suite standard to Navy steam plants of this hull's construction era: MIL-I-2781 pipe covering including 85% magnesia 'formed from a combination of 85 percent magnesium carbonate with about 15 percent asbestos fiber' and a class 'formed from a uniform mixture of amosite asbestos fibers'; roll asbestos felt MIL-I-15091; asbestos cloth/tape SS-C-466 (80-95% chrysotile) as lagging; asbestos millboard HH-M-351; asbestos finishing cement; molded asbestos block for high-temperature service. This hull's four Babcock & Wilcox boilers, two Skinner Uniflow reciprocating steam engines, and associated steam piping are the equipment classes these specifications cover.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1960 (manual); describes era-standard specifications
- Population
- Construction trades (Kaiser Vancouver, 1943); crew (1944-1946); repair-yard workers (San Francisco overhaul 1945; Boston inactivation 1946)
- Limitations
- Specification-level documentation of materials the Navy specified, not a ship-specific installation record - establishes the era insulation suite, not what was installed on this hull. Construction (September-December 1943) is inside the asbestos-spec period. Retrieved PDF is a scan hosted in the Garlock bankruptcy Daubert-appendix repository; the document itself is the government manual (verified in class-D profile 2026-09-16 and in batch-54 2026-09-18; range-request re-verified live 2026-09-19).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-03
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[4]Washington State Department of Ecology, cleanup site page 'Kaiser Shipyard Debris Pile' (csid 1831) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Ecology site record - site history paragraph (Kaiser Vancouver yard role and fill debris)
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Washington State Dept. of Ecology cleanup-site record for the 'Kaiser Shipyard Debris Pile': in 1942 the site was developed as part of the Kaiser Vancouver Shipyard, which 'was responsible for construction of liberty ships, escort carriers, and transport ships used during World War II'; shipyard debris (metal, pipes, firebrick, ceramics) was used as fill 1940-1946. This is the yard that built this hull (Kaiser yard hull 322 / MC hull 1113).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1940-1946 yard operations
- Population
- Kaiser Vancouver yard workforce (era context)
- Limitations
- Official state environmental record confirming the builder yard's escort-carrier program and industrial debris stream; the record does not itself list asbestos among documented debris constituents. Yard-level context only - not a hull record (verified in class-D profile 2026-09-16; automated re-fetch returned HTTP 403 on 2026-09-19 - bot-blocked, content stands on the prior verification).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-04
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[5]Braaten v. Saberhagen Holdings, 165 Wn.2d 373, 198 P.3d 1010 (Wash. 2008) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion factual background (Navy equipment asbestos use; PSNS exposure history)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Washington Supreme Court's factual summary states that Navy specifications called for asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, and packing aboard its vessels: 'the use of asbestos in and on Navy valves, pumps, and turbines was not by chance, but by design.' The opinion describes pipefitters/insulators disturbing asbestos insulation during shipyard maintenance at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1960s-1970s exposure era recounted in 2008 opinion
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (PSNS), plaintiff pipefitter
- Limitations
- Documents Navy-wide era practice, not this class or hull specifically. Plaintiff worked at PSNS on multiple vessels in the 1960s-1970s; the opinion does not name any member of this class, and this hull's inactivation was at Boston (Atlantic Reserve Fleet), not Puget Sound - no yard overlap exists for this hull. Era/context support only (verified in class-D profile 2026-09-16; PDF re-verified live 2026-09-19).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-05
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[6]NARA RG 24 (Navy deck logs) / RG 19 (BuShips) / Maritime Commission contract records / disposal files - not digitized for online search this pass [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger row sl-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Archival leads not digitized: NARA RG 24 deck logs for CVE-76 (including the 25 October 1944 Samar operations and the 8 January 1945 kamikaze damage-control record); Kaiser Vancouver contract and completion files for MC hull 1113 / yard hull 322 (RG 19 BuShips / Maritime Commission records); the February-April 1945 San Francisco overhaul availability paperwork (repair yard not named in DANFS); the 1946 Boston inactivation package and Atlantic Reserve Fleet maintenance file (1946-1959); and the 1960 Comarket Inc. disposal file covering the Hong Kong breaking. None of these series was located in digitized public form.
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1943-1960 record coverage
- Limitations
- Lead only - these records may contain hull-level material, repair, or disposal information but were not consulted; nothing in this row establishes any fact about the hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-06
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[7]Batch-261 search ledger (this record): DANFS/NavSource/navypedia ship records; NHHC CVE hull roster; WA Ecology site record; CourtListener API v4 (rate-limited) plus web-index ship-name sweeps; marketing-page exclusions [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-01 through sl-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-13
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, insulation specification, abatement contract, disposal hazmat disclosure, or docketed asbestos case naming USS Kadashan Bay under any designation (AVG-76 / ACV-76 / CVE-76 / CVU-76 / AKV-26) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). A site:courtlistener.com web-index sweep returned no vessel-relevant hits - only unrelated collisions (a declarant named 'Kadosh'; 'Acceleration Bay' and 'Mariners Bay' entity names; 'Kadaf' surnames; cybersecurity CVE identifiers; escort-service cases). Marketing pages asserting asbestos equipment aboard this hull (navyshipexposure.com equipment page; escort-carrier list entries at mesothelioma.com, duboselawfirm.com, freeasbestostesting.com, mesolawcenter.com) were excluded under batch rules; their claimed 'litigation records' could not be traced to any located docket.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 2026-09-19
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943 Kaiser Vancouver-built steam plant sits inside the Navy's asbestos-specification era and the negative reflects record availability, not hull condition. CourtListener API v4 was rate-limited (HTTP 429, 125/day cap) at research time; the direct API name/hull-number sweeps are logged as blocked and the web-index check is a degraded method. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kadashan-bay-cve76-07