Evidence
13 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-13).
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[1]CourtListener opinion search: 'USS Kasaan Bay' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search 'USS Kasaan Bay' returned 0 results (2026-10-07)
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Limitations
- zero-hit search; absence of hits is not proof of no litigation
- Evidence ID
- uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-cl-name-opinion
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[2]CourtListener docket search: 'USS Kasaan Bay' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener docket search 'USS Kasaan Bay' returned 2 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed; name query may match same-named vessels
- Evidence ID
- uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-cl-name-docket
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[3]CourtListener opinion search: 'CVE-69' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener opinion search 'CVE-69' returned 133 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed
- Evidence ID
- uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-cl-hull-opinion
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[4]CourtListener docket search: 'CVE-69' [court_record]
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- CourtListener docket search 'CVE-69' returned 3181 result(s) (2026-10-07); individual records not reviewed
- Verification
- unverified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Limitations
- hit count only — underlying dockets/opinions not individually reviewed
- Evidence ID
- uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-cl-hull-docket
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[5]DANFS, Kasaan Bay (CVE-69) entry (Wayback 2021 capture; live NHHC DANFS page returned 404 on 2026-09-19) [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- DANFS service narrative and spec block (dp. 7,800; l. 512'3"; b. 65'; ew. 108'1"; dr. 22'6"; s. 18 k.; cpl. 856; a. 1 5", 16 40mm., 20 20mm.; cl. Casablanca)
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: classified ACV-69 on 20 August 1942 (same hull - the designation, not the vessel, changed; fleet-wide AVG/ACV-to-CVE scheme change placed her as CVE-69 at launch); launched 24 October 1943 by Kaiser Co., Inc., Vancouver, Wash., under a Maritime Commission contract (sponsor Mrs. R. W. Morse); acquired and commissioned 4 December 1943, Capt. B. E. Grow in command. Atlantic service: departed San Francisco 8 January 1944 ferrying planes and passengers to Pearl Harbor; Norfolk arrival 28 February 1944 for overhaul and East Coast operations; departed New York 28 May with Tulagi (CVE-72) and Mission Bay (CVE-59) ferrying planes to Casablanca, returning 17 June with 342 survivors of Block Island (torpedoed 29 May). Mediterranean: departed Quonset Point 30 June, Oran 10 July; ASW patrol and flight operations; Operation Dragoon - departed Malta 12 August, on station off the French Riviera 15 August; her planes bombed and strafed German positions, destroyed hundreds of vehicles and tanks, downed two enemy aircraft; assignment complete 30 August, Norfolk 18 September. Pacific: planes to Casablanca late October; arrived San Diego 2 January 1945; January runs to Pearl Harbor, Guam, Ulithi with planes and replacements for the Fast Carrier Task Force; Pearl Harbor 14 February, training air groups and replacement pilots until early June; then ASW patrols on the Marshalls-Marianas shipping lanes. Magic Carpet from Guam after 14 August 1945: departed Saipan 13 September, San Diego 30 September; three months of Hawaii/Philippines troop lifts. San Francisco 28 December; east coast 29 January 1946, Boston 22 February; decommissioned 6 July 1946, Atlantic Reserve Fleet; reclassified CVHE-69 12 June 1955; sold for scrap 2 February 1960. One battle star.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1942-1960
- Population
- Kaiser Vancouver construction trades (1943); Navy crew and embarked squadrons (1943-1946); reserve-fleet maintenance personnel (1946-1959)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. Yard-period asbestos disturbance is era inference, not a per-hull record. Live NHHC DANFS page returned 404 this session (standing NHHC link rot); verbatim Wayback 2021 capture of the NHHC page used.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-01
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[6]NHHC, Naval Aviation News Appendix 3 'Aviation Ships' carrier listing (official status table) + shipbuildinghistory.com Kaiser Vancouver yard table + NavSource CVE-69 photo/CO pages - compiled cross-checks where DANFS is silent [other_primary]
- Locator
- APP03.PDF escort-carrier table row '69 Kasaan Bay' + CVE intro (designation history); shipbuildinghistory.com/shipyards/emergencylarge/kvancouver.htm row 315; navsource.net/archives/03/069.htm and 069co.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NHHC Appendix 3 official table for CVE 69: commissioned 4 Dec 1943, decommissioned 6 Jul 1946, CVHE 69 on 12 Jun 1955, stricken 1 Mar 1959 - all consistent with DANFS (which omits the striking). Appendix 3's CVE-section introduction confirms the designation chain behind the ACV-69 alternate listing: AVG redesignated ACV on 20 August 1942 and CVE on 15 July 1943. ShipbuildingHistory Kaiser Vancouver table: yard hull 315, MC hull 1106, type S4-S2-BB3, delivered Dec 1943, disposition 'CVE 69, scrapped 1960' (name rendered 'Kassan Bay' in that table - misspelling carried in aliases). NavSource: christening notice from Kaiser yard paper Bo's'n's Whistle Vol. 3 No. 21 (11 Nov 1943, p.7) - Mrs. Robert W. Morse, wife of Capt. Morse USN, christened Kasaan Bay 24 October 1943, the 15th escort carrier launched at Vancouver; CO roster - Capt. Bradford E. Grow 4 Dec 1943 - 22 Nov 1944, Capt. Albert N. Perkins 22 Nov 1944 - 1 Mar 1946, Cmdr. David A. Sooy 1 Mar - 6 Jul 1946; NNAM photo caption documents VF-74 'Flying Wolfhounds' F6F-5 launching off her deck 15 August 1944 during Operation Dragoon; NARA photo 80-G-495656 documents Magic-Carpet troop lift toward San Diego 22 September 1945; caption NS0306906 places the ex-hulk at Hamburg, Germany, in 1960 'just before scrapping' with 40-mm guns still cocooned.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1942-1960
- Population
- Scrap-yard workforce at the disposal location (Hamburg, 1960 - compiled detail)
- Limitations
- Official NHHC appendix used for the status table; shipbuildinghistory, NavSource captions, and the Bo's'n's Whistle christening notice are compiled/secondary and volunteer-archive sources used for cross-checks where DANFS is silent (MC hull number, CO roster, Hamburg scrapping location). No asbestos content in any of them.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-02
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[7]Era inference built on: DANFS construction/service record (Kaiser Vancouver MC-contract build May - December 1943; documented overhaul and inactivation events); BuShips Technical Manual NAVSHIPS 250-000 ch.39 insulation spec suite; Braaten v. Saberhagen (Wash. 2008) era practice [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS service narrative (construction, Norfolk overhaul Feb 1944, Boston inactivation/decommissioning 1946); BuShips TM ch.39 material sections (see ev-04); Braaten era holding (see ev-05)
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- Construction by Kaiser at Vancouver, Wash., under a Maritime Commission contract (type S4-S2-BB3) inside the Navy's peak asbestos-insulation era, plus this hull's documented disturbance events - the Norfolk overhaul beginning late February 1944 (facility unnamed in DANFS) and the inactivation/decommissioning workup at Boston February - July 1946 - are the ship-specific exposure-relevant facts. Asbestos applications standard to this steam plant's era and class: boiler and steam-drum insulation, magnesia and amosite pipe covering, asbestos felt, cloth/tape lagging, millboard, insulating and finishing cements, valve and flange gaskets, and machinery packing. The documented overhaul/inactivation events are the maintenance-disturbance pathways on this hull; the roughly twelve-and-a-half-year reserve-fleet layup (July 1946 - March 1959 striking) is a further preservation-and-disturbance window with no per-hull record.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1943-1959 service and layup era
- Population
- Kaiser Vancouver construction trades (1943); Norfolk overhaul-yard trades (1944); Boston inactivation-yard trades (1946); crew
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, or abatement record located for this vessel. Names era-standard applications and spec materials, not confirmed installed quantities; establishes no exposure for any individual.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-03
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[8]U.S. Navy, Bureau of Ships Technical Manual, NAVSHIPS 250-000, Chapter 39 'Thermal Insulation' (1960, page date 15 April 1959) - specification-level document for Navy shipboard insulation materials [other_primary]
- Locator
- BuShips TM ch.39, sections 39-11 through 39-13 (materials) - verbatim OCR text of retrieved PDF
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- The 1960 BuShips Technical Manual's insulation chapter enumerates the asbestos material suite standard to Navy steam plants of this class's construction era: MIL-P-2781 pipe covering including 85% magnesia 'formed from a combination of 85 percent magnesium carbonate with about 15 percent asbestos fiber' and a class 'formed from a uniform mixture of amosite asbestos fibers'; roll asbestos felt MIL-I-15091; asbestos cloth/tape SS-C-466 (80-95% chrysotile) as lagging; asbestos millboard HH-M-351; asbestos finishing cement; molded asbestos block for high-temperature service. This hull's four B&W boilers, Skinner reciprocating engines, and steam piping are the equipment classes these specifications cover.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1960 (manual); describes era-standard specifications
- Population
- n/a
- Limitations
- Specification-level documentation of the materials the Navy specified, not a ship-specific installation record - establishes what the era insulation suite contained, not what is or was aboard this hull. The retrieved PDF is a scan hosted in the Garlock bankruptcy Daubert-appendix repository; the document itself is the government manual. Directly applicable era - this hull's 1943 construction sits inside the asbestos-spec period.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-04
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[9]Braaten v. Saberhagen Holdings, 165 Wn.2d 373, 198 P.3d 1010 (Wash. 2008) [court_record]
- Locator
- Opinion factual background (Navy equipment asbestos use; PSNS exposure history)
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- Washington Supreme Court's factual summary states that Navy specifications called for asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, and packing aboard its vessels: 'the use of asbestos in and on Navy valves, pumps, and turbines was not by chance, but by design.' The opinion describes pipefitters/insulators disturbing asbestos insulation during shipyard maintenance at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard - Washington State naval-shipyard practice in the same state where this hull was built (Kaiser Vancouver).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1960s-1970s exposure era recounted in 2008 opinion
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers (PSNS), plaintiff pipefitter
- Limitations
- Documents Navy-wide era practice and PSNS yard exposure, not this class or hull specifically. Plaintiff worked at Puget Sound Naval Shipyard on multiple vessels; the opinion does not name this vessel or class. Era/context support only - affirmed-trial-level factual recital in a published opinion.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-05
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[10]Washington State Department of Ecology, cleanup site page 'Kaiser Shipyard Debris Pile' (csid 1831) [other_primary]
- Locator
- Ecology site record - site history paragraph (Kaiser Vancouver yard role and fill debris)
- Finding type
- environmental_record
- Finding
- Washington State Dept. of Ecology cleanup-site record for the 'Kaiser Shipyard Debris Pile': in 1942 the site was developed as part of the Kaiser Vancouver Shipyard, which 'was responsible for construction of liberty ships, escort carriers, and transport ships used during World War II'; shipyard debris (metal, pipes, firebrick, ceramics) was used as fill 1940-1946. This is the official environmental record of the yard that built this hull.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1940-1946 yard operations
- Population
- Kaiser Vancouver shipyard workforce and site community (1940-1946 operations)
- Limitations
- Official state environmental record confirming the builder yard's escort-carrier program and industrial debris stream; the record does not itself list asbestos among documented debris constituents. Yard-level context only - not a hull record.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-06
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[11]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's 1943 construction and its entire service life (all Navy custody ended by 1959).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov returns HTTP 403 to automated fetch) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-07
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[12]'Log for '44, USS Kasaan Bay - The Biography of CVE 69' (1944 crew cruise book, 30 pp.), Portal to Texas History, University of North Texas Libraries, Private Collection of the Sutherlin Family [other_primary]
- Locator
- Portal to Texas History item metapth67122 (30-page book; UNT Libraries digital repository)
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- A digitized crew-published cruise book for this hull covering its 1944 year at sea is held in the Portal to Texas History (UNT Libraries) - a ship-specific artifact naming the vessel, its crew roster pages, and its operations narrative as the crew recorded it. Held as an archival lead for any future work on this hull's activity record; contents not analyzed for this record.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 1944
- Population
- Ship's crew, 1944
- Limitations
- Crew-published commemorative book, not an official Navy record; provenance via a private family collection hosted by UNT Libraries. Existence and repository verified; contents not evaluated for this record and it carries no asbestos information on its face.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-08
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[13]Batch-258 search ledger (this record): DANFS via Wayback; NHHC Appendix 3; navypedia class table; shipbuildinghistory.com Kaiser Vancouver table; NavSource; WA Ecology; BuShips TM scan; Braaten opinion; GAO product page; UNT cruise book; CourtListener (blocked - see ledger); NARA catalog (blocked); web sweeps [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-01 through sl-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-14
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, or qualifying asbestos case naming USS Kasaan Bay (CVE-69) was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CourtListener API was rate-limited this session (HTTP 429, shared 125/day quota) and its web UI returned 403; the CourtListener-indexed web check surfaced only Alaska place-name collisions (Organized Village of Kasaan - Tongass litigation), no qualifying opinion. Law-firm list pages naming the ship were excluded as non-authoritative sources.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-09-19
- Study period
- 2026-09-19
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - era-consistent inference remains. The CourtListener block means the opinion/docket sweep is incomplete pending a quota-window re-run; logged in search_ledger. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kasaan-bay-cve69-09