Evidence
10 evidence entries recorded; each entry has a stable permalink (#ev-1 … #ev-10).
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[1]research packet 862-packet.md [other_primary]
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Identity packet verdict: VERIFIED
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Evidence ID
- uss-kelso-pc1170-pkt-862-packet-md
-
[2]DANFS, Kelso (PC-1170) - NHHC live page (published 28 Jul 2015); identical text in verbatim print transcription, DANFS Vol. III p. 614 [nhhc_danfs]
- Locator
- NHHC DANFS Kelso page, service narrative and spec block; print transcription https://losthistory.net/hazegray/danfs/patrol/pc1170.htm
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- Documented for this hull: 'Kelso - A city in Cowlitz County, Wash.' PC-1170 laid down by Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co., Brooklyn, N.Y., 3 July 1943; launched 16 October (1943); sponsored by Mrs. M. M. McCauley; commissioned 21 February 1944, Lt. Burrill D. Barker, Jr., in command. After shakedown off the Florida coast, assigned to convoy escort between Guantanamo, Cuba, and New York - 33 New York-Cuba voyages 'from May 1943 to June 1945' (DANFS text). Departed New York 18 June (1945) for the Pacific; brief San Diego stay, arrived Pearl Harbor late July; departed Hawaii 2 August for patrol duty in the Marshall Islands; operating out of Eniwetok at war's end. Transferred to the Hawaiian Sea Frontier, performed patrol duty and reported weather information in the Central Pacific for the next 10 years. Arrived San Francisco 26 February 1955; decommissioned August 1955 (5 August per print/NavSource/uboat.net; NHHC web text reads 8 August). Named Kelso 15 February 1956 while berthed with the Pacific Reserve Fleet; struck from the Navy List 1 July 1960; sold to Ship Supply Corp. 25 April 1961. Spec block: dp. 295; l. 174'; b. 23'; dr. 8'; s. 20 k.; cpl. 65; a. 1 3", 1 40mm., 2 20mm., 2 rkt., 4 dcp., 2 dct.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1961
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock construction trades (1943-44); crew (1944-1955); reserve-fleet caretakers (1955-60)
- Limitations
- Ship-specific history only; no asbestos or material content. Two DANFS internal/variant defects carried verbatim: 'May 1943' convoy-start predates the February 1944 commissioning (presumed typo for May 1944), and the NHHC web text reads 'decommissioned 8 August 1955' where the print transcription, NavSource, and uboat.net all read 5 August. NHHC live page verified 2026-10-03 via browser-rendered fetch (plain curl returns 404 - UA-filtered, not link-rot).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-01
-
[3]NavSource Online: Submarine Chaser Photo Archive, Kelso (PC-1170) ex-PC-1170 - timeline, specifications, commanding officers, photo captions [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource 12/011170.htm header block, specifications block, commanding-officers list, photo captions
- Finding type
- vessel_history
- Finding
- NavSource timeline for this hull: laid down 3 July 1943 at Sullivan Dry Dock and Repair Co., Brooklyn, NY; launched 16 October 1943; commissioned USS PC-1170, 21 February 1944; decommissioned 5 August 1955 at San Francisco, CA and laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet; named Kelso 15 February 1956; struck from the Naval Register 1 July 1960; sold for scrap 25 April 1961 to the Ship Supply Corp. Specifications: 280 t. (lt) / 295 t. (fl); length 175'; beam 23'; draft 10' 10"; speed 20 kts.; complement 59; armament one 3"/50 dual-purpose mount, one 40mm mount, three 20mm guns, two depth charge projectors (Hedgehog), four depth charge projectors (K-gun), two depth charge tracks; propulsion two 1,440 bhp General Motors 16-278A diesel engines (Serial No. 14247 & 14248), Farrel-Birmingham single reduction gear, two shafts. CO list: LT Burrill D. Barker, Jr. (21 Feb 1944); LTJG Francis Everett Pearson III (Feb 1947 - Feb 1948). Photo captions document a c. 1944 Bureau of Ships photograph, a Pearl Harbor photograph, and one frame with escort carrier USS Saidor (CVE-117) in the background.
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1961
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock construction trades (1943-44); crew (1944-55); Ship Supply Corp. scrapping workers (1961)
- Limitations
- NavSource is a volunteer secondary compilation, not a primary registry - milestone dates track DANFS but its spec block conflicts with DANFS on complement (59 vs 65), length (175' vs 174'), draft (10'10" vs 8'), and armament detail (three 20mm + Hedgehog vs two 20mm + '2 rkt.'). Contains no asbestos content. 'Sold for scrap' wording vs DANFS's bare 'sold' is NavSource's gloss.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-02
-
[4]ShipbuildingHistory (T. Colton-style yard compilation), 'Sullivan Dry Dock, Brooklyn NY' - yard history and WWII hull list; corroborated by Naval Marine Archive mirror of the same table [other_primary]
- Locator
- Sullivan Dry Dock yard-history paragraph and hull table, PC-1170 row
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Builder documentation for this hull: in 1937 Brooklyn businessman Fred Sullivan leased the repair yard at the head of Brooklyn's Tebo Yacht Basin (foot of 22nd, 23rd and 24th Streets) from Todd Shipyards, renamed it Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co., Inc., and converted it to new construction; the yard did not survive the war, closing in 1947. The yard's WWII hull table lists 16 Navy subchasers - PC-488, PC-489, PC-552 through PC-555, PC-1167 through PC-1170, and PC-1231 through PC-1236 - plus covered lighter YF-286. The PC-1170 row: 280 LDT, 174 LOA, delivered 21 February 1944, 'later Kelso 1956, scrapped 1961.'
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1937-1947 (yard operation); 1943-44 (this hull's construction)
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock & Repair Co. construction and repair trades (1937-1947)
- Limitations
- Secondary shipbuilding-history compilation, not a primary registry or contract record; 'delivered' coincides with the commissioning date. Establishes the builder's identity, location, wartime output, and closure - no material or asbestos content. Yard is not in the Atlas shipyards.json dataset (see gaps).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-03
-
[5]uboat.net Allied Warships, USS PC-1170 (PC-1170) entry - order date and wartime commanding-officer list [other_primary]
- Locator
- uboat.net warship entry 8698, data table and 'Commands listed' section
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Secondary reference data for this hull: ordered 20 November 1942 (a construction milestone not given by DANFS or NavSource); wartime CO list adds Lt. R. H. Lister, USNR (mid/late 1944 - mid 1945) and K. Kurth, Jr., USNR (mid 1945 - late 1945) beyond NavSource's Barker (commissioning) and Pearson (1947-48). Builder, laid down, launched, commissioned, decommissioned, stricken, and sold dates all match DANFS/NavSource.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1942-1945
- Population
- Wartime crew under COs Barker, Lister, Kurth (1944-45)
- Limitations
- Volunteer secondary reference (uboat.net warship database); the order date and interim CO assignments are not corroborated by a primary source located this session - carried as partial verification. No asbestos content.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-04
-
[6]Era inference built on: DANFS spec block and NavSource propulsion data (twin GM 16-278A diesels - no steam plant); PC-461-class documentation from the Patrol Craft Sailors Association (ww2pcsa.org class specs: 173'8" steel hull, twin diesel, 361 delivered) and HyperWar 'US Navy Sub Chasers, 1940-1945' transcription (ibiblio.org); GAO HRD-80-2 era documentation (see ev-06) [other_primary]
- Locator
- DANFS spec block; NavSource specifications; ww2pcsa.org/patrol-craft.html class table; ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/ships/ships-sc.html
- Finding type
- asbestos_application
- Finding
- A steel-hulled patrol craft built July-October 1943 at a Brooklyn commercial yard sits squarely inside the Navy's documented asbestos-use era. Era-standard applications aboard a diesel-driven patrol craft of this type and period were machinery and exhaust-system insulation/lagging, pipe insulation, gaskets, valve packing, and electrical insulation, concentrated in the confined engineering spaces typical of a 173-foot hull. As a twin-diesel vessel she carried no steam plant - the boiler/turbine lagging pathway of steam vessels does not apply.
- Verification
- inferred
- Role
- supporting
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1961
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock construction trades (1943-44); engine-room and maintenance crew (1944-55); scrapping workers (1961)
- Limitations
- Class/era inference only - no hull-specific insulation survey, material list, work package, or contract document was located for PC-1170. Names era-standard applications, not confirmed installed materials. No quantity; no manufacturer attribution for this hull.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-05
-
[7]GAO, Navy Efforts To Protect Workers From Asbestos Exposure, HRD-80-2 (Oct 18, 1979) [gao]
- Locator
- GAO product page HRD-80-2 (full text blocked, HTTP 403)
- Finding type
- gov_survey
- Finding
- GAO documented that the Navy used asbestos insulation extensively aboard ships and did not begin substituting alternative insulation materials until the early 1970s - spanning this hull's entire construction (1943) and service era (1944-1955), reserve-fleet lay-up (1955-1960), and disposal (1961).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- class_or_era
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1979
- Population
- Navy shipyard workers; asbestos program review
- Limitations
- Program-level documentation; supports era context only, not any fact specific to this hull. Full text not retrieved (gao.gov blocks automated fetch, HTTP 403, confirmed 2026-10-03) - content via product-page description.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-06
-
[8]Fishgold v. Sullivan Drydock & Repair Corp. et al., 328 U.S. 275 (1946) - U.S. Supreme Court, official U.S. Reports PDF via govinfo (verified live) [court_record]
- Locator
- 328 U.S. 275 (No. 970, argued 6 May 1946, decided 27 May 1946), facts section
- Finding type
- litigation_documented
- Finding
- OTHER LITIGATION, not asbestos: Supreme Court decision in a Selective Training and Service Act veteran-reemployment case naming this hull's builder. Petitioner Fishgold worked for the corporation at its shipyard as a welder until inducted into the Army in 1943, was reemployed 25 August 1944, and sued over nine furlough days; the employer and Local 13 of the Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding Workers of America operated under a collective bargaining agreement. Documents the builder as an active wartime industrial employer of welder trades at the exact period this hull was under construction (July 1943 - February 1944).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- context
- Documentation level
- context_only
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1943-1946
- Population
- Sullivan Dry Dock wartime workforce incl. welders (Local 13, Industrial Union of Marine and Shipbuilding Workers)
- Limitations
- Context only - names the builder company, not the hull; a veterans'-seniority case with no asbestos, health, or material content. Carried because it is a verified court record touching this hull's builder and because CourtListener could not be swept for hull-name litigation this session (quota exhausted - see ev-09 and search_ledger).
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-07
-
[9]Archival leads: NARA RG 24 deck logs for PC-1170 (1944-1955, Hawaiian Sea Frontier era); RG 19 Bureau of Ships photograph c. 1944 (NavSource-captioned); any Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard availability records during the 10-year Central Pacific basing [other_primary]
- Locator
- NavSource photo captions (Bureau of Ships photo; Pearl Harbor photo); DANFS Hawaiian Sea Frontier passage
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- Undigitized primary records exist for this hull by inference from holdings patterns: RG 24 deck logs (patrol craft of this era and homeport are cataloged at NARA but not digitized), a c. 1944 Bureau of Ships photograph shown on the NavSource page (RG 19 vessel-photograph series), and any availability/work records generated during her decade operating out of Pearl Harbor for the Hawaiian Sea Frontier (1945-1955). Pearl Harbor basing is documented by DANFS; the specific shipyard interaction is not.
- Verification
- partial
- Role
- archival_lead
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 1944-1955
- Population
- Crew and any yard trades during Pearl Harbor availabilities (1945-55), if work occurred
- Limitations
- Archival lead only: deck-log and photograph existence is inferred from standard holdings and NavSource captions, not verified against the NARA catalog (JS-rendered, unfetchable; v1 API endpoint retired). Homeport presence at Pearl Harbor is not a yard-work record - no availability, overhaul, or repair documentation located for this hull at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard or anywhere else.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-08
-
[10]Batch-7667 search ledger (this record): NHHC DANFS live page + hazegray print transcription; NavSource; shipbuilding-history Sullivan yard list (and Naval Marine Archive mirror); uboat.net; PCSA class pages; NVR; NARA catalog; GAO product page; CourtListener (blocked); two secondary web/firecrawl litigation and asbestos sweeps [other_primary]
- Locator
- search_ledger rows sl-uss-kelso-pc1170-01 through -12
- Finding type
- historical_record
- Finding
- No qualifying ship-specific asbestos record located: no asbestos survey, abatement contract, hazmat disclosure, museum documentation, or verified litigation naming PC-1170 / USS Kelso was found in the public sources searched (see search_ledger). CAVEAT: CourtListener could not be queried - authenticated API returned daily-quota-exceeded (~3.1-3.2 h wait on two attempts) and per batch pacing rules the repository is logged blocked, not negative; hull litigation status is an open gap. Secondary sweeps surfaced zero qualifying material - 'PC-1170' collides with California Penal Code section 1170 resentencing documents and with a bicycle chain product code, but no law-firm marketing page or listicle was found naming this hull (unusually clean).
- Verification
- verified
- Role
- negative_finding
- Documentation level
- ship_specific
- Accessed
- 2026-10-03
- Study period
- 2026-10-03
- Limitations
- Absence of a located public record does not prove absence of asbestos aboard - a 1943 steel patrol craft is era-consistent with retained asbestos materials, and the litigation repository search is a genuine open gap (quota-blocked, not run). Deck logs, BuShips work packages, and any scrapping-contract records are undigitized leads. Does not establish or defeat any claim of exposure or legal eligibility.
- Atlas source
- true
- Evidence ID
- ev-uss-kelso-pc1170-09